Why do 64-bit applications work faster than 32-bit ones?
The difference in performance between 32-bit and 64-bit versions of applications depends greatly upon their types, and the data types they are processing. But in general you may expect a 2-20% performance gain from mere recompilation of a program — this is explained by architectural changes in 64-bit processors [1].
More general-purpose registers in such processors let you optimize work with local variables in functions which do not need to be saved into main memory anymore. Several function arguments are passed through registers and it also reduces the time to call them [2].
The extended address space eliminates the limitation concerning the maximum 4 Gbytes of main memory available on the 32-bit architecture. The possibility to store the whole necessary data set in the main memory allows avoidance of overly slow data swapping to the disk, and it lets some programs working with large data arrays get several times the performance gain.
However, the other side of the move to the 64-bit version is a two-time increase of the size of pointers and some other data types, which might result in an increased demand of the software to the system’s physical memory. In some cases, it might slow down the speed of a 64-bit application in comparison to a 32-bit one. However, it occurs rarely and such cases are usually determined by an unsuccessful choice of the format in which data are stored in the program.
Note also that when you launch 32-bit versions of software on 64-bit systems of the Windows family, old 32-bit applications are executed a bit slower because of the WoW64 subsystem which emulates the 32-bit environment. An average performance loss because of this WoW64 layer is 2-3%, although in some special cases it might be much more.
References
- Andrey Karpov. Optimization of 64-bit programs.
- Andrey Karpov. OOO «Program Verification Systems» company blog. The reasons why 64-bit programs require more stack memory.
- Discussion at Stackoverflow.com. Are 64 bit programs bigger and faster than 32 bit versions?
- Knowledge Base. What advantages do 64-bit processors have over 32-bit ones?
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is 64 bit Windows actually faster?
Installing Windows 64 bit for Windows 7 is currently a massive pain Where is official 64-bit Emacs for Windows? (The manual said there is!) because although there are many roque cuts, GNU are not distributing those binaries for one reason or another.
One must compile their own binaries using the lengthy instructions at https://github.com/emacs-mirror/emacs/blob/emacs-25/nt/INSTALL.W64 or trust one of the many unofficial builds.
Does anybody have any hard evidence that 64 bit Emacs is faster than 32 bit running on 64 bit Windows 7?
Additionally, I use a few external applications such as exuberant ctags, aspell. Does anybody have any evidence of performance benefits to creating 64 bit versions of these applications?
1 Answer 1
I did a couple of tests using Emacs 24.5 with the 32-bit build provided by GNU Emacs and the 64-bit build provided by Emacs-w64 — I thought the 64-bit build would be a little slower due to the larger pointer size but the differences were pretty negligible for
20 second processes.
Then at Tobias’s suggestion, I tested loading an .org file, and the 64-bit build was about 20% slower.
All times in seconds
(note that it’s just a coincedence that the first two tests have similar times)
The test script:
My init file is fairly large so takes a while to load — it exercises loading the exe and running a lot of elisp code, loading a file tests the underlying C code and buffer handling, and loading the .org file exercises fontification.
So for these tests, it looks like the 64-bit build is slower, unless the 32-bit build had some different optimization settings — the README for the GNU Emacs distribution doesn’t have any information on the build, so presumably it was just a plain make, which is what the 64-bit build used, if it used the procedure on the wiki.
The build process for 64-bit is easier, at least as far as setting up the environment, but I think you can also make a 32-bit build using MSYS2, so I’ll add some tests for that when I get a chance.
See here also for a discussion on some performance differences between 32 and 64 bit applications.
And just for completeness, the .org file was just repeated blocks of
Why do 64-bit applications work faster than 32-bit ones?
The difference in performance between 32-bit and 64-bit versions of applications depends greatly upon their types, and the data types they are processing. But in general you may expect a 2-20% performance gain from mere recompilation of a program — this is explained by architectural changes in 64-bit processors [1].
More general-purpose registers in such processors let you optimize work with local variables in functions which do not need to be saved into main memory anymore. Several function arguments are passed through registers and it also reduces the time to call them [2].
The extended address space eliminates the limitation concerning the maximum 4 Gbytes of main memory available on the 32-bit architecture. The possibility to store the whole necessary data set in the main memory allows avoidance of overly slow data swapping to the disk, and it lets some programs working with large data arrays get several times the performance gain.
However, the other side of the move to the 64-bit version is a two-time increase of the size of pointers and some other data types, which might result in an increased demand of the software to the system’s physical memory. In some cases, it might slow down the speed of a 64-bit application in comparison to a 32-bit one. However, it occurs rarely and such cases are usually determined by an unsuccessful choice of the format in which data are stored in the program.
Note also that when you launch 32-bit versions of software on 64-bit systems of the Windows family, old 32-bit applications are executed a bit slower because of the WoW64 subsystem which emulates the 32-bit environment. An average performance loss because of this WoW64 layer is 2-3%, although in some special cases it might be much more.
References
- Andrey Karpov. Optimization of 64-bit programs.
- Andrey Karpov. OOO «Program Verification Systems» company blog. The reasons why 64-bit programs require more stack memory.
- Discussion at Stackoverflow.com. Are 64 bit programs bigger and faster than 32 bit versions?
- Knowledge Base. What advantages do 64-bit processors have over 32-bit ones?
Use PVS-Studio to search for bugs in C, C++, C# and Java
We offer you to check your project code with PVS-Studio. Just one bug found in the project will show you the benefits of the static code analysis methodology better than a dozen of the articles.
Windows 7 x86x64 Ultimate the fast v.1.000(01) (2013) Русский скачать торрент бесплатно
Год выпуска: 2013
Версия: 1.000(01)
РСайт сборки: Reactorr
Платформа: x86(32) x64 bit
Язык интерфейса: только русский
Таблэтка: Не требуется
Системные требования:
• 32-разрядный (x86) или 64-разрядный (x64) процессор с тактовой частотой 1 гигагерц (ГГц) или выше
• 1 гигабайт (ГБ) (для 32-разрядной системы) или 2 ГБ (для 64-разрядной системы) оперативной памяти (ОЗУ)
• 16 гигабайт (ГБ) (для 32-разрядной системы) или 20 ГБ (для 64-разрядной системы) пространства на жестком диске
• графическое устройство DirectX 9 с драйвером WDDM версии 1.0 или выше
Описание:
СТАБИЛЬНАЯ, БЫСТРАЯ,ШУСТРАЯ,НЕ ТРЕБОВАТЕЛЬНАЯ, ОТКАЗОУСТОЙЧИВАЯ, БЕЗГЛЮЧНАЯ, ДЛЯ ВСЕХ!
Вот второе название данной сборки!Только в ней стало возможным объединить все приемущества и убрать все недостатки Windows 7.
А теперь более подробно.Сборка сделана из оригиналов
ru_windows_7_ultimate_with_sp1_x64_dvd_u_677391
ru_windows_7_ultimate_with_sp1_x86_dvd_u_677463
Сборка обьединена в один образ.В качестве загрузчика установлен загрузчик WinDoZa Live & Boot by Core-2.
Во время установки выбираете какую разрядность вам надо и устанавливаете.
Интегрирован IE 10( как официальное и важное обновление) DirectX 9.0.
Установлены важные обнеовления по 13 марта, 78 обновлений.Изменен интерфейс установки и самой системы ( папки, ярлыки, иконки)Изменена звуковая схема «Привет»-«Пока»
Изменены надписи Макчимальная на Reactorr.Применен патч для сторонних тем.Твики ПКМ,ОЕМ.Убран весь не нужный хлам и мусор ( подробнее под спойлером)
Применен пакет оформления Atomic Design от Smarty , за что ему большое спасибо.( пакет переработал, подредактировал)
Активатор от m0nkrus’a огромная ему благодарность!
Контрольные суммы
CRC-32: b0e078e2
MD4: 9284907b4a2df7ee708748240aa1e625
MD5: afd5a66de06b0812bdd37f76814831a0
SHA-1: e8f9e3eb378d626c4e0851e89f9bf27985ec7d1a
Удалено-отключено
Диск восстановления системы
Удаленный помощник (нужен для Медиацентр)
Шифрование диска BitLocker
Интернет игры
Премиум игры (Шахматы, Маджонг)
Простые службы TCPIP (echo, daytime и т.п.)
Сетевые протоколы SNMP (необязательный пакет)
Подсистема UNIX-приложений
Планшетный ПК
Telnet клиент
Telnet сервер
TFTP клиент
Драйверы ТВ-тюнеров
Средства виртуализации VirtualPC (Licensing-Package,USB-RPM-Package,VirtualXP-Licensing-Package)
Распознавание сканируемого текста
WMI провайдер SNMP (дочерний SNMP)
Сервер справка
Языки
Естественный язык
Microsoft IME-редактор метода ввода (ввод иероглифов)
все темы (кроме базовой темы Aero Windows)
Удалены азиатские шрифты
Speech и Narrator (говорилка)
Так-же
Отключен UAC, Windows Defender
Очищена папка Windows\winsxs\Backup
Интегрировано
Интегрирован следующий софт
7-Zip 9.20
Adobe Flash Player 11 ActiveX & Plugin 11.3.300.265 Adobe Flash Player ActiveX Adobe Systems Incorporated
AIDA64 Business Edition [Русский (Россия)] 2.50.2000 <905c4922-c432-42a5-99d8-c64788c44381>FinalWire Ltd. 2013-03-13
AIMP v3.10 Build 1065 v3.10 Build 1065 AIMP3_is1 © Habetdin 2013-03-13
Auslogics BoostSpeed 5.3.0.5 (13.07.2012) 5.3.0.5 Auslogics BoostSpeed_is1 l-rePack® 2013-03-13
CCleaner 3.20 CCleaner Piriform 2012-06-22
Internet Download Manager 6.11.8 Internet Download Manager_is1 2013-03-13
K-Lite Codec Pack 9.0.2 (64-bit) 9.0.2 KLiteCodecPack64_is1 2013-03-13
Microsoft Visual C++ 2005 Redistributable — x64 8.0.50727.42 False 8.0.50727.42 <6e8e85e8-ce4b-4ff5-91f7-04999c9fae6a>Microsoft Corporation 2013-03-13
Microsoft Visual C++ 2005 Redistributable — x64 8.0.51011 False 8.0.51011
Microsoft Visual C++ 2005 Redistributable — x64 8.0.56336 False 8.0.56336 <071c9b48-7c32-4621-a0ac-3f809523288f>Microsoft Corporation 2013-03-13
Microsoft Visual C++ 2005 Redistributable — x64 8.0.59192 False 8.0.59192 <6ce5bae9-d3ca-4b99-891a-1dc6c118a5fc>Microsoft Corporation 2013-03-13
Microsoft Visual C++ 2005 Redistributable — x64 8.0.61000 8.0.61000
Microsoft Visual C++ 2005 Redistributable — x86 8.0.50727.42 False 8.0.50727.42
Microsoft Visual C++ 2005 Redistributable — x86 8.0.51011 False 8.0.51011
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Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable — x64 9.0.21022.0 False 9.0.21022 <350aa351-21fa-3270-8b7a-835434e766ad>Microsoft Corporation 2013-03-13
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Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable — x64 9.0.30729 False [Русский (Россия)] 9.0.30729 <2dfd8316-9ef1-3210-908c-4cb61961c1ac>Microsoft Corporation 2013-03-13
Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable — x64 9.0.30729.17 False 9.0.30729 <8220eefe-38cd-377e-8595-13398d740ace>Microsoft Corporation 2013-03-13
Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable — x64 9.0.30729.4148 False 9.0.30729.4148 <4b6c7001-c7d6-3710-913e-5bc23fce91e6>Microsoft Corporation 2013-03-13
Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable — x64 9.0.30729.5570 False 9.0.30729.5570 <8338783a-0968-3b85-afc7-baae0a63dc50>Microsoft Corporation 2013-03-13
Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable — x64 9.0.30729.6161 9.0.30729.6161 <5fce6d76-f5dc-37ab-b2b8-22ab8cedb1d4>Microsoft Corporation 2013-03-13
Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable — x86 9.0.21022 False [Русский (Россия)] 9.0.21022
Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable — x86 9.0.21022.0 False 9.0.21022
Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable — x86 9.0.21022.218 False 9.0.21022.218
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Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable — x86 9.0.30729.17 False 9.0.30729 <9a25302d-30c0-39d9-bd6f-21e6ec160475>Microsoft Corporation 2013-03-13
Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable — x86 9.0.30729.4148 False 9.0.30729.4148 <1f1c2dfc-2d24-3e06-bcb8-725134adf989>Microsoft Corporation 2013-03-13
Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable — x86 9.0.30729.5570 False 9.0.30729.5570 <86ce85e6-dbac-3ffd-b977-e4b79f83c909>Microsoft Corporation 2013-03-13
Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable — x86 9.0.30729.6161 9.0.30729.6161 <9be518e6-ecc6-35a9-88e4-87755c07200f>Microsoft Corporation 2013-03-13
Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 Redistributable — x64 10.0.30319 False 10.0.30319
Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 Redistributable — x64 10.0.40219 10.0.40219 <1d8e6291-b0d5-35ec-8441-6616f567a0f7>Microsoft Corporation 2013-03-13
Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 Redistributable — x86 10.0.30319 False 10.0.30319 <196bb40d-1578-3d01-b289-befc77a11a1e>Microsoft Corporation 2013-03-13
Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 Redistributable — x86 10.0.40219 10.0.40219
Mozilla Firefox 18.0.2 (x86 ru) 18.0.2 Mozilla Firefox 18.0.2 (x86 ru) Mozilla
Notepad++ 6.1.5 Notepad++
Opera 12.14 12.14.1738 Opera 12.14.1738 Opera Software ASA
The KMPlayer with LAV Filters
UltraISO Premium v9.5.3.2855 9.5.3.2855 UltraISO_is1 EZB Systems, Inc. 2013-03-13
Uninstall Tool Uninstall Tool
Unlocker 1.9.1-x64 1.9.1 Unlocker Cedrick Collomb
uTorrent 2.2.1.25302 final 2.2.1.25302 final uTorrent BitTorrent, Inc
WinRAR 4.20 (64-разрядная) 4.20.0 WinRAR archiver win.rar GmbH
Скриншоты:
Windows-7x86x64-Ultimate-the-fast-v.1.00001.torrent
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