Add ip route linux example

Как добавить статические маршруты (routes) в Ubuntu

Written by on 28.09.2015 . Posted in Linux

Добаление маршрута в linux (static routes)

В память можно добавить маршрут используя route или через ip ro

синтаксис route
route add [-net|-host] netmask gw dev X

синтаксис ip ro
ip route add via

Все параметры можно посмотреть ip route help

примечание: в команде ip можно использовать сокращенный синтаксис ip ro … в место ip route …
Для удаления статического маршрута используйте del вместо add

Как сохранить статический маршрут

Все эти маршруты будут добавлены в память и сохранятся до перезагрузки. Если необходимо, загружать маршруты при загрузки системы, то необходимо добавить их в файл конфигурации интерфейсов (для ubuntu и debian). /etc/network/interfaces

Добавим в конец файла следующую сточку:

up ip ro add 192.168.2.0/24 via 192.168.0.1

пример файла конфигурации.

Как посмотреть маршруты в системе

Сохранить статический маршрут в CentOS (Redhat)

1. Необходимо отредактировать (если нет создать) файл
   /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-ethX — ethX заменить на номер интерфейса (eth0, eth1 …)
   добавить следующие строки:

X.X.X.X — заменить на нужные значения
Другой вариант добавить маршруты в файл /etc/sysconfig/static-routes. Если нет этого файла — необходимо создать.

Пример содержания фала:

PS: Если маршрутов много или ими нужно управлять (добавлять или удалять) то лучше для этого использовать демон статической маршрутизации
Вам помогла эта статья, не забудьте сказать «спасибо» для благодарности используется вертикальная и горизонтальная реклама на сайте.

Источник

ip route add network command for Linux explained

H ow do I use ip route networking command to add a static route on Linux operating systems? Can you explain how to use the ip command?

Introduction: The ip command is used to assign an address to a network interface and/or configure network interface parameters on Linux operating systems. This command replaces old good and now deprecated ifconfig command on modern Linux distributions. A static route is nothing but a way of specifying traffic that must not go through the default gateway. One can use the ip command for adding a static route to a different network that cannot be accessed through your default gateway. For example, VPN gateway or VLNAN might need to use the ip command.

Tutorial details
Difficulty level	Easy
Root privileges	Yes
Requirements	ip command on Linux
Est. reading time	3 minutes

ip route add network command examples

The syntax is pretty simple:
ip route add via
ip route add dev
ip route add default dev
ip route add default via

Add a static route on Linux

You must login as root user with the help of su command or sudo command:
$ su —
OR
$ sudo -i
Once become a root user, setup a temporary route using the ip command:
# ip route add 172.10.1.0/24 via 10.0.0.100 dev eth0
Verify it:
# ip r
Here is another example where I am setting up route for my VPN gateway:
# ip link set dev tun0 up mtu 1500
# ip addr add dev tun0 10.8.0.2/24 broadcast 10.8.0.255
# ip route add 139.59.2.125/32 via 192.168.2.254
# ip route add 0.0.0.0/1 via 10.8.0.1
# ip route add 128.0.0.0/1 via 10.8.0.1
Again view route with the ip command:
# ip r

Warning : Do not stop networking service over ssh session.

How to add a permanent static route using ip command on Linux

Edit config file such as /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth0 on a CentOS/RHEL/Fedora Linux for interface eth0 using a text editor such as nano command or vim command:
# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth0
Append the following text:
172.10.1.0/24 via 10.0.0.100 dev eth0
Save and exit (close) the file in a vim text editor. Finally, restart your network service on a CentOS/RHEL/Fedora Linux so they take effect:
# systemctl restart network.service

Restarting network service on a CentOS/RHEL/Fedora Linux

A note about ip command and persistence static routing on a Debian/Ubuntu

Edit your /etc/network/interfaces file for say eth0:
# vi /etc/network/interfaces
Update it as follows:

Источник

Linux Set Up Routing with ip Command

C an you explain the ip command to setup routing on Linux based systems? How do I use the ip command to configure the routing table of the Linux kernel?

The ip command can be used for the following tasks on Linux:

Tutorial details
Difficulty level	Easy
Root privileges	Yes
Requirements	ip command
Est. reading time	10m

1. Show / manipulate routing
2. Show / manipulate devices
3. Policy routing
4. Tunnels

How to view or display Linux routing table

Type the following command:
$ ip route show
OR
$ ip route list
Sample Outputs:

Each entry is nothing but an entry in the routing table (Linux kernel routing table). For example, the following line represents the route for the local network. All network packets to a system in the same network are sent directly through the device ra0:

• No ads and tracking
• In-depth guides for developers and sysadmins at Opensourceflare✨
• Join my Patreon to support independent content creators and start reading latest guides:
  • How to set up Redis sentinel cluster on Ubuntu or Debian Linux
  • How To Set Up SSH Keys With YubiKey as two-factor authentication (U2F/FIDO2)
  • How to set up Mariadb Galera cluster on Ubuntu or Debian Linux
  • A podman tutorial for beginners – part I (run Linux containers without Docker and in daemonless mode)
  • How to protect Linux against rogue USB devices using USBGuard

Join Patreon ➔

Our default route is set via ra0 interface i.e. all network packets that cannot be sent according to the previous entries of the routing table are sent through the gateway defined in this entry i.e 192.168.1.1 is our default gateway.

How to set a route to the locally connected network eth0 on Linux

Type the following command to sent all packets to the local network 192.168.1.0 directly through the device eth0:, enter:
# ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0
OR route traffic via 192.168.2.254 gateway for 192.168.2.0/24 network:
# ip route add 192.168.2.0/24 via 192.168.2.254 dev eth0

Set a default route

All network packets that cannot be sent according to the previous entries of the routing table are sent through the following default gateway:
# ip route add default via 192.168.1.254

Delete route from table

Type the following command
# ip route delete 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0
Let us delete default route too:
# ip route add default via 192.168.1.254 dev eth0

Linux add a default route/static route or delete a route using the ip command.

How do I verify routing configurations?

Use the ping command or host command commands to make sure you can reach to your gateway:
ping Your-Gateway-Ip-Here
ping Your-DNS-Server-IP-Here
ping 192.168.1.254
ping www.cyberciti.biz
host www.cyberciti.biz

Linux Set Up Routing with ip command and save it to a configuration file

All routing settings made with the ip tool (or route command) are lost when you reboot Linux server. See our previous article about configuring static routes in a Debian/Ubuntu or CentOS/Red Hat Enteprise Linux systems.

How to add a static route on Ubuntu or Debian

Here is a sample for eth0 displayed using the cat command cat /etc/network/interfaces

Источник

Linux route Add Command Examples

I am a new Linux user. How do I add a new or default gateway using route command on Linux operating systems? How can I use route command to show or set a new route on Linux based server or desktop system?

In Linux and Unix-like system, a gateway is nothing but device that connects two networks. Often it is called a router or gateway. In most cases your ISP’s modem act as a default router or gateway. You can use any one of the following tool to add, display, delete Linux kernel routing table:

Tutorial details
Difficulty level	Easy
Root privileges	Yes
Requirements	Linux with ip or route command
Est. reading time	3 mintues

1. route command : show / manipulate the IP routing table on Linux.
2. ip command : show / manipulate routing, devices, policy routing and tunnels on Linux.

Display your current routing table

Open the Terminal or login to server using ssh/console. Type the following command to display routing table:
# route
OR
# route -n
Sample outputs:

Fig.01: Display routing table using route command

Fig.02: ip command in action

Linux route Add Command Examples

I am going to show you both ip and route command. Most modern Linux distro recommend and use the ip command for setting or displaying default gateway IP address on Linux. Let us see some examples.

Linux add a default route using route command

Route all traffic via 192.168.1.254 gateway connected via eth0 network interface:
# route add default gw 192.168.1.254 eth0

Linux add a default gateway (route) using ip command

Route all traffic via 192.168.1.254 gateway connected via eth0 network interface:
# ip route add 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0

Verify newly added route ip in the Linux kernel routing table

To verify new routing table, enter:
# ip route list
OR
# route -n

Verify new route

Use the ping command to verify connectivity to your router or external network:
# ping your-router-ip-here
# ping your-ISPs-Gateway-ip-here
# ping 192.168.1.254
# ping www.cyberciti.biz
You should able to ping public IP address too:
ping 1.1.1.1
ping 8.8.8.8
And use the dig command or host command to resolve domain names provided that /etc/resolv.conf configured with correct DNS server names:
host www.cyberciti.biz
host google.com
dig www.cyberciti.biz

How do I make routing changes persistent across reboots?

To make route entry persistent in the Linux kernel routing table, you need to modify config file as per your Linux distributions.

• No ads and tracking
• In-depth guides for developers and sysadmins at Opensourceflare✨
• Join my Patreon to support independent content creators and start reading latest guides:
  • How to set up Redis sentinel cluster on Ubuntu or Debian Linux
  • How To Set Up SSH Keys With YubiKey as two-factor authentication (U2F/FIDO2)
  • How to set up Mariadb Galera cluster on Ubuntu or Debian Linux
  • A podman tutorial for beginners – part I (run Linux containers without Docker and in daemonless mode)
  • How to protect Linux against rogue USB devices using USBGuard

Join Patreon ➔

RHEL/CentOS/Fedora/Scientific Linux persistent routing configuration

Edit /etc/sysconfig/network and set default gateway IP address:
# vi /etc/sysconfig/network
Sample outputs:

You can add additional static route for eth0 by editing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth0 file as follows:

The above config sets static routing for network 10.0.0.0/8 via 10.9.38.65 router.

Debian / Ubuntu Linux persistence static routing configuration

Edit /etc/network/interfaces file, enter:
# vi /etc/network/interfaces
Append the following in eth0 section:

Save and close the file.

Generic method to add persistent static routing on Linux

The following method works with almost all Linux distributions. However, on systemd based Linux distro, see how to enable /etc/rc.local with systemd tutorial for more info.

Edit /etc/rc.d/rc.local or /etc/rc.local , enter
# vi /etc/rc.local
Append the following line:

Summing up

You learned how to add routing on Linux. See

🐧 Get the latest tutorials on Linux, Open Source & DevOps via

Category	List of Unix and Linux commands
Documentation	help • mandb • man • pinfo
Disk space analyzers	df • duf • ncdu • pydf
File Management	cat • cp • less • mkdir • more • tree
Firewall	Alpine Awall • CentOS 8 • OpenSUSE • RHEL 8 • Ubuntu 16.04 • Ubuntu 18.04 • Ubuntu 20.04
Linux Desktop Apps	Skype • Spotify • VLC 3
Modern utilities	bat • exa
Network Utilities	NetHogs • dig • host • ip • nmap
OpenVPN	CentOS 7 • CentOS 8 • Debian 10 • Debian 8/9 • Ubuntu 18.04 • Ubuntu 20.04
Package Manager	apk • apt
Processes Management	bg • chroot • cron • disown • fg • glances • gtop • jobs • killall • kill • pidof • pstree • pwdx • time • vtop
Searching	ag • grep • whereis • which
Shell builtins	compgen • echo • printf
Text processing	cut • rev
User Information	groups • id • lastcomm • last • lid/libuser-lid • logname • members • users • whoami • who • w
WireGuard VPN	Alpine • CentOS 8 • Debian 10 • Firewall • Ubuntu 20.04

Comments on this entry are closed.

Changes to survive a reboot can be set in
/etc/sysconfig/networking/devices/route-ethX

Other profiles for switching between different configurations can be found in
/etc/sysconfig/networking/profiles/default/route-ethX

I have a problem , my default route will go away when i reboot my system, regarding to this matter that all info was issued under interface network-script.

Please advice,
Momo.

add configuration file

Can you please let me know how to add the route command in Linux.

Hi
add the route command in linux

# route add -net 10.10.1.1/24 ethx
Alternate is by ip command
# ip route add 10.10.2.2/24 ethx
after that configure gateway,netmask and ip in route-ethx file located in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts dir.

it worked ..thanks

Adding the route command in Linux

Route traffic via 192.168.0.5 gateway destined to 192.168.1.16 :

route add -net 192.168.1.16 netmask 255.255.255.240 gw 192.168.0.5

This will handle all the traffice from your client systems destined to the 192.168.1.16 subnet.
The resources that will be accessed are in the range 192.168.1.16 – 192.168.1.30

I have tried it on Suse Linux, and i belive other flavors are similar or close to this .

Thank you very much this works

To add default route for a host:
#route add 192.168.0.1 gw 10.0.0.1
“where 192.168.0.1 is destination host, gw commad to specify gateway and 10.0.0.1 is the gateway to destination host. (Test on Feroda 11)”

Another way to add route at startup (testing on CentOS)

edit file /etc/rc.d/rc.local (add to end of file your route):
/sbin/route add -net 192.168.11.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 10.0.0.1

After reboot check your route table:
/sbin/route

Thanks Alex. You saved my day. On CentOS this was needed

i want to add below command in Linux server.but here it is showing error

[root@plnotxsmsc01 rc.d]# route add -net 10.202.11.0 gw 10.102.13.241
bash: route: command not found
[root@plnotxsmsc01 rc.d]#

[root@plnotxsmsc01 rc.d]# uname -a
Linux plnotxsmsc01 2.6.18-128.el5xen #1 SMP Wed Dec 17 12:01:40 EST 2008 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@plnotxsmsc01 rc.d]#

please try /sbin/route or locate where the route is

route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 gw 192.168.1.1

The routing information above is not persistent across reboots. After a reboot, the routing information will be lost and you need to add them in again.

To make the routing information persistent, add the “route add” line as seen above into the /etc/rc.local file.

Sample /etc/rc.local file.

#!/bin/sh
#
# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.
# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don’t
# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.
touch /var/lock/subsys/local
route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 gw 192.168.1.1

Yes Alex, your comment was also what I needed.

Thank you so much for that!

how to find remote systems gateway with out login

i want to add below command in Linux server.but here it is showing error

[root@zmocmp1 sbin]# route add -net 10.26.66.0 netmask 255.255.255.192 gw 0.0.0.0
SIOCADDRT: Invalid argument
[root@zmocmp1 sbin]#

and how to make routing information persistent,

please assign valid gateway it will work….

Hi,
I want to do ping6 to another linux machine..I added inet6 address in both the linux machine in the main LAN interface..bt ping6 is not wrking. “Destination Unreachable is coming”. So,For that when i tried to add route to ipv6 thorough a gateway,using the command ” /sbin/route -A inet6 add 2000::/64 gw 2000:db8:0:bbbb::1 ” is is telling invalid command..pls help me with this and how can i rectify it.

Muchas gracias me ayudo bastante, saludos desde México…

awsome explanation!! love it

check the routes #route

route add -net netmask gw

after add permanent route entry
create a file vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth0

after add route entry this format

ADDRESS0=
NETMASK0=
GATEWAY0=

ADDRESS1=
NETMASK1=
GATEWAY1=

ADDRESS2=
NETMASK2=
GATEWAY2=

En los sistemas RHEL/CentOS/Fedora/Scientific Linux la configuración de la ruta por defecto (default gateway) se guarda en /etc/sysconfig/network y las rutas estáticas en /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-ethX (siendo X el número de la placa de red, verbigracia eth0 para la primer placa red).

En los sistemas Debian / Ubuntu Linux la configuración de la ruta por defecto (default gateway) se guarda en /etc/network/interfaces y las rutas estáticas se pueden agregar bajo a sección eth0 o bien en el archivo /etc/rc.local junto con las definiciones de ejecuciones de archivos locales al inicio del sistema.

Lic. Matias Colli
Perito Judicial en Informática
RHCSA

how to add the route in lubuntu
route add 172.18.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0 192.168.1.100 -p also how to check the route table. the application needs IE siebel framework. need solution

Источник