All linux programming application

Major Linux Application Programs

AbiWord — a standalone word processing program similar to (and compatible with) Microsoft Word. AbiWord can run on virtually any operating system and is available in numerous languages.

Apache — the most popular web server on the Internet since April 1996, and currently hosting more than 70 percent of Internet websites. Truly one of the greatest free software success stories!

Blender — highly regarded software for three dimensional modeling, animation, rendering, post-production, interactive creation and playback. See Linux Software for Artists for more complete information about art applications for Linux.

Dia — a diagram creation program similar to Microsoft’s Visio. It can be used to draw many types of diagrams and currently has special objects to help draw entity relationship diagrams, UML (unified modeling language) diagrams, flowcharts, network diagrams and simple circuits. It can load and save diagrams to a custom XML format, export diagrams to EPS (encapsulated PostScript) or SVG (scalable vector graphics) formats and can print diagrams (including those that span multiple pages).

DOSEMU — enables many MS-DOS programs to run on Linux.

Evolution — provides integrated mail, addressbook and calendaring functionality to users of the GNOME desktop.

Firefox — ranked by many as the best major web browser. Among its most useful features are small size, high speed, tabbed browsing, pop-up blocking and high resistance to viruses and other malicious code. Developed by mozilla.org as the successor to its widely acclaimed Mozilla browser.

FreeMED — an HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) compliant medical management software package that runs in a browser and aims to duplicate all of the functionality of proprietary programs such as The Medical Manager. It differs from conventional billing systems in that it is episode of care-based, and it allows the tracking of medical data in detail with preservation not just of the diagnosis but also the reasons for medical encounters.

gedit — a lightweight text editor for the GNOME desktop. It supports most standard editing features and has a powerful plug-in system for adding even more, including a spelling checker, date and time insertion, word counting, documents or files comparison, output insertion from shell commands and tags insertion for common markup languages (such as HTML and Latex). gedit’s counterpart for the KDE desktop is kedit, which is included in the Linux distributions that contain KDE.

gFTP — a multithreaded FTP (file transfer protocol) client that also supports the HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol) and SSH (secure shell) protocols. It is multithreaded to allow for simultaneous downloads, and it can download multiple files, supports downloading entire directories and subdirectories, has a bookmarks menu to allow quick connection to remote sites, supports resuming interrupted file transfers, supports caching of remote directory listings, has drag-and-drop support, and allows for passive and non-passive file transfers.

Ghostscript — an interpreter for the PostScript language, which is embedded in many printers. The main uses are to display PostScript files and to print PostScript files to non-PostScript printers.

The GIMP — an advanced image manipulation program similar to Adobe Photoshop. See Linux Software for Artists for more complete information about art applications for Linux.

GNOME — a Linux desktop environment which provides an intuitive and attractive desktop for end users. It is also a development platform that provides an extensive framework for building applications that integrate into the rest of the desktop.

GNU Emacs — an extensible, customizable and self-documenting editor which uses an interpreter for Emacs Lisp, a dialect of the Lisp programming language. Features include content-sensitive major modes for a wide variety of file types, complete online documentation and support for many natural languages and their scripts.

Gnumeric — a high quality and easily customizable spreadsheet program developed as part of the GNOME desktop environment as a drop-in replacement for proprietary spreadsheets, rather than a clone of existing applications. Gnumeric can import Excel, 1-2-3, Applix, Sylk, XBase Quattro Pro, Dif, Plan Perfect and Oleo files.

GQview — an image viewer that features single-click file viewing, external editor support, thumbnail previews, and zooming. Some image management features are also included.

Kaffeine — a xine-based media player for the KDE3 desktop. It plays back CDs, DVDs and VCDs. It also decodes multimedia files, such as AVI, MOV, WMV and MP3, from local disk drives and displays multimedia streamed over the Internet. Kaffeine interprets many of the most common multimedia formats as well as some of the most uncommon formats.

KDE — one of the two main graphical desktop environments for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems.

KHexEdit — a versatile and customizable hex editor. It displays data in hexadecimal, octal, binary and plain text modes. New input can be inserted into a file and current data can be replaced just as with a conventional text editor. Other functions include undo/redo, formatted printing and HTML (hypertext markup language) export.

Konqueror — a combined web browser, file manager and universal viewer that is included as part of the KDE desktop.

LyX — said to be the first WYSIWYM (What You See Is What You Mean) document processor. It automatically enforces consistency, as determined by the user, throughout a document in order to produce professional results. LyX is particularly useful for long documents, such as books and dissertations. It is based on the highly regarded TeX typesetting engine.

MySQL — the most popular open source relational database management system (RDBMS). Users include Cisco, Google, Lufthansa, NASA, Sabre Holdings, University of California at Berkeley (UCB), UPS and Yahoo.

Open Office — a full-fledged suite of office applications comparable to and compatible with Microsoft Office. Contains word processing, spreadsheet, presentation, equation editing and drawing programs. Among the many features of the word processing program is the ability to convert documents directly into PDF format.

Perl — a wildly popular, interpreted programming language optimized for scanning arbitrary text files, extracting information from those text files and printing reports based on that information. It is also a good language for many system management tasks.

PHP — the premiere server side scripting language for web sites. Among its many features is the ability to be embedded directly in HTML code.

PostgreSQL — claimed to be the world’s most advanced relational database management system. Begun in 1986 at the University of California at Berkeley.

Python — an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language which is often compared to Tcl, Perl, Scheme or Java. Python has modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and dynamic typing.

rCalc — a scientific calculator for the GNOME desktop environment which aims to occupy the middle ground between simple point-and-click calculators and full-featured mathematics packages.

Rosegarden — a professional audio and MIDI sequencer, score editor and general-purpose music composition and editing environment. It is claimed to be one of the most comprehensive Linux music software projects and the only Linux application to offer full composition and recording capabilities to musicians who prefer to use classical notation. See Linux Software for Composers for more complete information about musical composition, notation and editing applications for Linux.

samba — a file and printer server for networks containing Microsoft Windows clients. Because it runs on reliable Unix-like operating systems, there are fewer problems and a low cost of maintenance. Samba also provides superior performance under heavy loads, outperforming Windows 2000 Server by a factor of two to one on identical hardware, according to third-party benchmarks.

Tcl — a scripting language for building powerful GUIs (graphical user interfaces), creating multi-threaded applications and developing cross-platform programs. Other features include rapid development, readiness for the enterprise and ease of learning.

Thunderbird — a highly customizable e-mail program developed by mozilla.org that features increased safety, higher speed and greater ease of use.

SQL Ledger — an advanced, highly customizable double entry accounting system that is suitable for a wide variety of manufacturing and other businesses.

WINE — a still incomplete, but functional, open source implementation of the Microsoft Windows API (application programming interface) that allows many unmodified Windows binaries to run on x86-based Unix-like operating systems. It does not require Microsoft Windows, but it can optionally use native system DLLs (dynamic link libraries) if they are available.

Xfig — an interactive drawing tool that can create objects such as circles, boxes, lines, spline curves and text as well as import images in formats such as GIF, JPEG and EPSF. Multiple ways are available to select attributes such as colors and line styles.

xpad — a sticky note application written using GTK+ 2.0 that strives to be simple, fault-tolerant, and customizable. xpad consists of independent pad windows; each is basically a text box in which notes can be written.

Xpdf — a viewer for PDF (portable document format) files. The Xpdf project also includes a PDF text extractor, PDF-to-PostScript converter and various other utilities. Xpdf is designed to be small and efficient, and it can use Type 1, TrueType or standard X fonts.

Zope — a web application server written primarily in Python which features a transactional object database that can store not only content and custom data, but also dynamic HTML templates, scripts, a search engine, and relational database connections and code. Zope also features a strong through-the-web development model, high security and the availability of numerous plug-in components.

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The above list contains some of the best and most popular Linux application programs. All are available for free (i.e., in a monetary sense), and most are free software (i.e., both free in a monetary sense and in that they can be used by anyone for any desired purpose, including modification and redistribution). Many of them are included in the major Linux distributions and are also available for other operating systems.

The list does not include any of the hundreds of command line (i.e., all-text mode) programs that are commonly used on Linux and other Unix-like operating systems. For information about such programs, see Index of Linux Commands.

Created February 29, 2004. Last updated August 28, 2006.
Copyright © 2004 — 2006 The Linux Information Project. All Rights Reserved.

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Must Have Essential Applications for Desktop Linux Users

Last updated June 24, 2021 By Ankush Das 257 Comments

Brief: What are the must-have applications for Linux? The answer is subjective, and it depends on what purposes you have for using desktop Linux. But there are still some essential Linux apps that are more likely to be used by most Linux users. Here, we’ve listed the best Linux applications that you should have installed on every Linux distribution you use.

In the world of Linux, there are alternatives to everything. Choosing a distro? There are dozens of them. Trying to find a decent music player? Lots of alternatives there too.

But not all of them are built with the same thing in mind – some of them might target minimalism, while others might offer tons of features. Finding the right application for your needs can be quite a confusing and tiresome task. Let’s make it a bit easier.

Essential applications for Linux users

I’ve put together a list of the essential Linux applications that I prefer to use in different categories. I’m not saying that they are the best, but I’ve tried lots of applications in each category and these are the ones I liked the most. So, you’re more than welcome to mention your favorite applications in the comments section too.

We’ve also had a video on this before (with a few different apps). Do subscribe to our YouTube channel for more educational Linux videos like this one:

We’ll mention some non-FOSS apps here as well (for the sake of regular users who just want a working desktop) – so feel free to let us know your non-FOSS suggestions after reading our recommendations.

In addition, we’ve categorized the apps as well to get you started!

Image Editors

We’ve already discussed some of the best photo applications for Linux. Here we’ll mention two essential tools for every type of user.

Allowing plugins that extend its functionality while being an open source solution is impressive. It offers almost every type of tool you will ever require manipulating an image, scale it, crop it, or simply add a layer to it. You can install it from your AppCenter or Software Center, or visit GIMP’s website to download it.

Inkscape

One of the best Linux tools for digital artists, Inkscape is certainly an impressive image editor as well. Unlike GIMP, Inkscape comes pre-installed on most of the major Linux distros. It offers a bunch of drawing tools and vector graphics editing capabilities making it a powerful choice for manipulating images as well.

Audio Editors

Audacity

We’ve mentioned several audio editors in the past, but Audacity is the most popular tool for basic editing tasks. You can try to experiment and pull off something interesting as well. It supports plugins to extend its functionality. If you’re wondering: it’s open-source software and available for free. You can install it directly from the App Center or Software Center, or from the official download page.

LMMS is a free Digital Audio Workstation (DAW) for Linux. It’s a feature-rich alternative to premium audio editors (or DAWs) for creating, editing, and recording music. If you have a MIDI device, you can just plug it into your machine and get started with LMMS. It also supports VST plugins to enhance your output. You can directly download it from the App Center or the Software Center. To build from source, check out their GitHub page.

Email Clients

Evolution

Evolution is the default mail app for GNOME desktop users, and it is quickly replacing Thunderbird as a pre-installed mail client on a lot of Linux distributions.

It offers an improved layout over Thunderbird and also supports Microsoft Exchange using an extension.

You can check out its GNOME wiki page to find links to Flatpak and other installation options.

Thunderbird

A simple and free email client developed by Mozilla. You may find it pre-installed on some Linux distributions – if not, you can easily install it using your Software Center or App Center. You can also download it from their website and then install it.

It offers most of the features you need – however, the UI may be the only downside for some.

Personal Communication

Signal

Signal is a popular open-source instant messaging app as one of the alternatives to WhatsApp.

We also have a guide to help you install Signal in Linux to get started.

Element

Element is a secure open-source collaboration platform built on Matrix network.

It may not be a popular choice, but it offers plenty of features as a replacement to many other proprietary options for personal or work communication.

Screen Recording and Streaming Tools

Blogger, YouTuber or work in similar industries? Here are a few tools for you.

Kazam

If you’ve been following us, you might have already read about the best screen recorders available for Linux. Kazam is the most simple solution among them. It lets you record your screen and includes a number of essential features like giving you the ability to select the area/window, hiding/showing the cursor, and enabling the sound from your mic/speaker. For installation instructions, their GitHub page would be your best bet.

Open Broadcaster Software is a pretty popular and robust screen recorder app often used by streamers.

You can heavily customize it, add your own template, etc. So there’s a lot of things you can do once you start exploring it. OBS is suitable for both personal and professional users – it’s not the easiest but it’s really useful.

Flameshot

Flameshot is my personal favorite for taking screenshots and annotating them. Heck, you can even directly upload your images to Imgur without needing to save them on your PC. I use this no matter what Linux distro I install — it’s so easy and flexible, you might want to install it too.

Ksnip

A quite simple Qt-based cross-platform screenshot tool that offers more annotation features. We’ve discussed multiple ways to take screenshots in Linux, and using Ksnip is one of them. It’s fairly new, and not the most popular screenshot tool out there, but it works as expected. Refer to the GitHub page for more info.

System Optimizers/Task Managers

Stacer

Stacer is my favorite system optimizer and task manager on Linux, with a beautiful user interface.

You get not only a pretty UI but also a solid set of features to help you in the best way possible. You can manage startup tasks, clean temporary/cache files, manage running services, uninstall packages, and monitor your system resources easily. Check out their GitHub page for installation instructions.

You probably know about the default “top” CLI tool. It’s still useful – but not the best out there.

So if you’re looking for a better command-line based tool, htop is the perfect replacement. You no longer need to type in the process number to kill it, just navigate to it and end it. It’s way easier and faster than the traditional top CLI tool.

You can also take a look at our list of top alternatives to find more utilities for system monitoring.

Apps for Gamers

Steam

Yes, Steam is a proprietary client or marketplace for purchasing/installing/managing your Linux games. But it’s the best client out there, also offering a huge library to choose from. You’ll find both free and paid options, so browse through them. To install it, you can download the .deb file from its official download page or find the installer on AppCenter or Software Center.

Discord

Without a second thought, if you’re a gamer, you have to install this one right away. Do note that it’s not an open source application.

Yes, there are alternatives to it. But nothing beats Discord when it comes to the ability to manage a server room where fellow gamers can interact and communicate on voice channels in-game. You can easily install Discord on Linux.

Media Players

Audacious

Audacious is a simple music player that is low on resources while being an open-source solution. You can customize the interface to give it a different look. To add songs, just drag and drop the folder you want. You can either install it from the Software Center or visit the official download page.

Go on, get started!

I’ve tried a lot of video players on my Windows machine and on Linux systems as well – but I keep going back to VLC pretty much every time. VLC is a simple media player that’s open-source and free as well. It supports almost every type of file format. You can download it from their website or find it on your Software Center.

Media Server Software

Kodi is definitely one of the best media server programs available for Linux. Many of the other best media server tools are based on Kodi as well.

Plex is not entirely open-source media server software, but it offers an option to create a free account. A nice UI with all the basic features you need included. Feel free to install Plex on Ubuntu.

Video Editors

If I had to choose the top two best video editors for Linux, these would be my picks.

Kdenlive

Kdenlive is one of the best free video editing programs available for Linux. It’s an open-source solution and also offers support for dual monitors. It includes most of the necessary features like basic transition effects, layout customization, multi-track editing, and so on.

OpenShot

OpenShot is an open source video editor which is easy to use and robust as well. It includes 3D effects, basic video transitions, drag and drop support, and so on.

If you want to use it for professional-grade editing, you be the judge.

Open-Source Media Converters

Handbrake

Handbrake is an impressive video converter. It supports a wide range of video codecs and quickly converts your videos. Of course, you get to choose the quality or resolution, frame rate, and a lot of other things like subtitles while converting the video.

SoundConverter

Fret not if you’re a fan of audio instead of video. We’ve got you.

SoundConverter is a powerful audio conversion tool that supports almost all file formats and converts audio files pretty fast.

Backup Tools

Backup is one of the essential parts of not only Linux but any operating system. Here are two options for you.

Timeshift

Yes, we often keep a backup of our files. But what about the driver updates and configuration changes that you perform? What if these break your entire system? In this case, Timeshift will help you take a backup (or a snapshot) of your entire OS along with all its configurations. You can easily restore it when something goes wrong. We have a guide to how to use Timeshift on Linux as well.

Bacula

Bacula is a feature-rich open-source backup tool available for Linux.

It’s not just a single program but includes a number of tools for every specific option. Also, it’s somewhat developer-oriented, so if you maintain a network of computers, you can definitely make use of Bacula.

PDF Editing Tools

LibreOffice Draw

For basic PDF editing tasks, LibreOffice Draw is the go-to solution for users who prefer FOSS. It has its limitations – but works like a charm for most use-cases. If it doesn’t fit your needs, you can check out the best Linux PDF editors available.

PDF Studio

PDF Studio is an amazing PDF editor by Qoppa software. It’s not an open source offering – in fact, it’s a paid solution for users looking to edit PDF files. It offers a bunch of features (annotate, edit, optimize, sign, watermark, etc.) for manipulating PDF files easily.

Code and Text Editors

VS Code

Even though we’re Linux users, I’ve noticed that a lot of people like the Visual Studio Code editor. It includes a smart feature to autocomplete what you write based on variable type or function definition. It’s highly recommended if you’re working with Git, because the relevant commands are built-in. And as you start exploring, you’ll discover that there’s so much more to it.

There’s also an unofficial open-source version of it, i.e. VS Codium.

In addition to VS Code, you can also look at some of the best modern code editors for your work.

An open-source editor with a lot of features. If you’re writing scientific documents or a thesis, this can come in handy with its formula editor to make things easier. You can download it right from the AppCenter or Software Center. More information can be found on their website.

Texmaker

Even though we’ve already talked about some of the best LaTeX editors, I’ll mention this as one of the essential additions to your Linux system. It’s specifically tailored for the GNOME environment but works everywhere. Its PDF conversion is blazing fast. Try it by downloading it from the App Center/Software Center or the official site.

Note Taking Apps

Simplenote

Simplenote is one of the best Evernote alternatives available for Linux. The organization behind WordPress (Automattic) is responsible for developing Simplenote. So it’s actively maintained and offers all the basic note taking features (and syncing capabilities) across multiple devices for free.

In addition to this, you can also try some of the best note taking apps for Linux.

Laverna

Laverna is an open-source note taking app available for free. You can use it as a web-based tool with its encryption functionality, or download it to your desktop.

It’s easy to use, with a decent UI. In addition, it also supports code highlighting and a to-do task list to make things easier. Give it a try!

Team Communication & Productivity

Slack

Even at It’s FOSS we used Slack before moving to our self-hosted Rocket.Chat instance — be it on a random topic or when something requires collaboration. This is not an open-source solution.

Slack on Linux is available for free, and you can opt to upgrade it to the premium version for more features. You won’t be needing a premium plan unless you’re an enterprise user with a bunch of users to manage. Free or premium, it’s an essential addition.

You can also look for open-source Slack alternatives if you don’t like it.

Franz

With this app, you no longer have to switch between different browser tabs or applications while working on something. Franz combines almost all the essential messaging/email services under one roof. You just have to launch a single application (and sign in to multiple services) to keep up with all the communication you need without switching to different applications.

If you don’t like it, there are alternatives like Rambox.

Virtualization Apps

Oracle VM VirtualBox

VirtualBox is an amazing free and open-source virtualization solution for those who want to try different distros (or experiment with stuff) without affecting your host system. There are numerous uses for it – go explore!

Authenticators

Authy

Almost everyone uses 2-factor authentication to secure their online accounts. But usually, you need your smartphone along with an authentication app for the codes, right? Fret not, with Authy, an alternative to Google Authenticator, you’ll be able to sync 2FA codes across devices without the risk of losing them. It is available for Android, iOS, Linux, Windows, and macOS as well.

Wrapping Up

We’ve tried to list all the essential applications for a Linux user here. But then again, you might have a favorite that we’ve missed.

Let us know your thoughts in the comments below.

Like what you read? Please share it with others.

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