Arch linux cinnamon установка

Cinnamon

Cinnamon is a desktop environment which combines a traditional desktop layout with modern graphical effects. The underlying technology was forked from the GNOME desktop. As of version 2.0, Cinnamon is a complete desktop environment and not merely a frontend for GNOME like GNOME Shell and Unity.

Contents

Installation

Cinnamon can be installed with the package cinnamon .

Cinnamon applications

Cinnamon introduces X-Apps which are based on GNOME Core Applications but are changed to work across Cinnamon, MATE and XFCE; they have the traditional user interface (UI).

Application	GNOME	Cinnamon
Text editor	Gedit/Pluma	xed
Image viewer	Eye of GNOME	xviewer AUR
Document viewer	Evince/Atril	xreader
Media player	Totem	xplayer AUR
Image organizer	gThumb	pix AUR

Fallback mode

On the event when Cinnamon crashes, its Fallback mode activates. To control opened windows in this mode you need to install metacity package and gnome-shell to have a taskbar.

Starting

Graphical log-in

Choose Cinnamon or Cinnamon (Software Rendering) from the menu in a display manager of choice. Cinnamon is the 3D accelerated version, which should normally be used. If you experience problems with your video driver (e.g. artifacts or crashing), try the Cinnamon (Software Rendering) session, which disables 3D acceleration.

Starting Cinnamon manually

If you prefer to start Cinnamon manually from the console, add the following line to Xinitrc:

If the Cinnamon (Software Rendering) session is required, use cinnamon-session-cinnamon2d instead of cinnamon-session .

Restarting Cinnamon

From a command line, execute the following line:

Configuration

Cinnamon is quite easy to configure — most common settings can be configured graphically. Its usability can be expanded with applets and extensions, and also it supports theming.

Cinnamon settings

cinnamon-settings launches a settings module specified on the command line. Without (correct) arguments, it launches System Settings. For example, to start the panel settings:

To list all available modules:

Printers For configure printers, install the system-config-printer package. Networking To add support for the networking module, enable Network Manager. In order for NetworkManager to store Wi-Fi passwords, you will need to also install GNOME Keyring. Bluetooth For Bluetooth device support, install the blueberry package. If Blueberry is unable to enable or disable Bluetooth, add yourself (and/or any relevant users) to the «rfkill» user group. See Users and groups#Group management for more information.

Applets and extensions

While an applet is an addition to the Cinnamon panel, an extension can fully change the Cinnamon experience. They can be installed from the AUR, (package search), or from inside Cinnamon (Get more online):

Alternatively, install manually from Cinnamon spices.

Pressing power buttons suspend the system

This is the default behaviour. To change the setting open the cinnamon-settings panel and click on the «Power Management» option. Change the «When the power button is pressed» option to your desired behaviour.

Manage languages used in Cinnamon

• To add/remove languages: see Locale.
• To change between enabled languages: install the mintlocaleAUR package.
• For Cinnamon to correctly display another language: install the cinnamon-translations package.
• To change the keyboard layout: navigate to System Settings > Hardware > Keyboard > Layouts.

Use a different window manager

Cinnamon does not support using a different window manager.

Tips and tricks

Creating custom applets

The official tutorial on creating a Cinnamon applet can be found here.

Default desktop background wallpaper path

When you add a wallpaper from a custom path in Cinnamon Settings, Cinnamon copies it to

/.cinnamon/backgrounds . Thus, with every change of your wallpaper you would have to add your updated wallpaper again from the settings menu or copy / symlink it manually to

Additionally the official mint wallpapers are available for every release. Checkout the AUR.

Show home, filesystem desktop icons

By default Cinnamon starts with desktop icons enabled but with no desktop icons on screen. To show desktop icons for the home folder, the filesystem, the trash, mounted volumes and network servers open Cinnamon settings and click on desktop. Enable the checkboxes of the icons you want to see on screen.

Menu editor

The Menu applet supports launching custom commands. Right click on the applet, click on Configure. and then Open the menu editor. Select a sub-menu (or create a new one) and select New Item. Set Name, Command and Comment. Check the launch in terminal checkbox if needed. Leave unchecked for graphical applications. Click OK and close the menu editor afterwards. The launcher is added to the menu.

Workspaces

A workspace pager can be added to the panel. Right click the panel and choose the option Add applets to the panel. Add the Workspace switch applet to the panel. To change its position right click on the panel and change the Panel edit mode on/off switch to on. Click and drag the switcher to the desired position and turn the panel edit mode off when finished.

By default there are 2 workspaces. To add more, hit Control+Alt+Up to show all workspaces. Then click on the plus sign button on the right of the screen to add more workspaces.

Alternatively, you can choose the number by command-line:

Replacing 4 with the number of workspaces you want.

Hide desktop icons

The desktop icons rendering feature is enabled in Nemo by default. To disable this feature, change the setting with the following command:

Themes, icons and backgrounds

Linux Mint styled themes, icons and backgrounds can be installed with the mint-themes AUR , mint-x-icons AUR , mint-y-icons AUR and mint-backgrounds AUR packages. Whereby the latter is a collection of all backgrounds included in all Linux Mint Versions. Backgrounds of individual Linux Mint versions are also available over the AUR.

The themes and icons can be edited in Settings → Themes . The backgrounds in Settings → Backgrounds .

Official Linux Mint Cinnamon themes are also included in the mint-themes AUR package.

Setting the desktop theme via shell can be done like this:

Sound events

Cinnamon does not come with sounds used for events like the startup of the desktop that are also used in Linux Mint by default. These sound effects can be installed with the cinnamon-sound-effects AUR and mint-sounds AUR packages. The sound events can be edited in Settings → Sound → Sound Effects .

Resize windows by mouse

To resize windows with Alt+Right click , use gsettings :

Portable keybindings

To export your keyboard shortcut keys, you should do:

To later import it (for example) on another computer, do:

Screenshot

As explained in Taking a screenshot, installing gnome-screenshot will add this functionality. The default shortcut key is Prt Sc key. This binding can be changed in the applet Menu > Preferences > Keyboard under Shortcuts > System > Screenshots and Recording. The default save directory is $HOME/Pictures , but can be customized with eg.

Prevent Cinnamon from overriding xrandr/xinput configuration

The cinnamon-settings-daemon provides a number of plugins which can manage the display, keyboard and mouse. These plugins will override user set configuration (such as xrandr commands in the xinitrc file). To stop user set configuration from being overridden, it is necessary to prevent the settings daemon plugins from being started.

This can be done by copying the .desktop entry for the relevant settings daemon plugin (these will be located in /etc/xdg/autostart/ ) to $HOME/.config/autostart . Then append the line Hidden=true to each copied entry.

To preserve display, keyboard and mouse settings, consider disabling the following:

Troubleshooting

Debugging

You can use the cinnamon-looking-glass tool (Melange — Cinnamon Debugger) to inspect various things about the Cinnamon environment:

• a list of currently-open windows
• a list of currently-loaded extensions (applets, desklets, etc.)
• logs

The «logs» feature is especially useful if you are encountering crashes (often happening due to extensions no being compatible or buggy).

cinnamon-settings: No module named Image

If cinnamon-settings does not start with the message that it cannot find a certain module, e.g. the Image module, it is likely that it uses outdated compiled files which refer to no longer existing file locations. In this case remove all *.pyc files in /usr/lib/cinnamon-settings and its sub-folders. See the upstream bug report.

Starting cinnamon from tty after crash

If Cinnamon is completely unresponsive it can be restarted from the tty (Alt+F2) with the following line:

Video tearing

Because muffin is based upon mutter , video tearing fixes for GNOME should also work in Cinnamon. See GNOME/Troubleshooting#Tear-free video with Intel HD Graphics for more information.

Disable the NetworkManager applet

Even if you do not use NetworkManager and remove the Network Manager applet from the default panel, Cinnamon will still load nm-applet and display it in the system tray. You cannot uninstall the package, because it is required by cinnamon and cinnamon-control-center , but you can still easily disable it. To do so copy the autostart file from /etc/xdg/autostart/nm-applet.desktop to

/.config/autostart/nm-applet.desktop . Open it with your favorite text editor and add at the end X-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=false .

Alternatively you can disable it by creating the following symlink:

The ability to blacklist particular icons from the system tray (such as the nm-applet icon) has been requested upstream.

Cinnamon overrides settings in xorg.conf

Cinnamon overrides custom settings in xorg.conf like display orientation and layout.

Open System Settings > Startup Applications and set Cinnamon Settings Daemon — xrandr to OFF.

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Installing GUI (Cinnamon Desktop) and Basic Softwares in Arch Linux

The previous Arch Linux topic, just covered the basic installation from scratch, with minimal configurations through command line needed to boot the system and access internet for future configurations.

But, just running an Operating System from command line only, especially Arch Linux, is the job of Linux intermediate or guru users, can be very intimidating for newbies or those who came from Linux GUI distributions or even Microsoft Windows.

Install Cinnamon Desktop in Arch Linux

This tutorial guides you through transforming the main Arch Linux CLI only into a powerful and robust Desktop platform, with an awesome customizable desktop environment in Linux world this days – “Cinnamon” – and all the necessary software for an average desktop user, all of this done with the help of pacman software manager which does all necessary library, dependency and configuration checks on your behalf.

Requirements

Previous Arch Linux installation on a Desktop, Laptop or Netbook with a working Internet connection.

Step 1: Install Xorg Server and Video Drivers

1. After initial system login we need to do a full system update by issuing the following command.

Update Arch Linux

2. Before we install all the necessary software’s, we need the help of a package “bash-completion“, that automatically completes commands or shows a list of possible commands by pressing TAB key.

Install Bash Completion

3. The next step is to install the default X environment that provides the main Xorg server configurations and 3D support.

Install Xorg Server

4. For an extra Xorg functionality also install the following packages.

Install Xorg Packages

5. For a laptop or netbook, also install drivers for touchpad input support.

Install Touchpad Drivers

6. Now we need to install system VGA (Video Card) specific drivers, but first of all we need to identify our system graphics. Issue the following command to identify your video card.

Check Video Card

If your system is a newer Laptop with Optimus support the output should show you two graphics card, usually an Intel and Nvidia or an Intel and ATI. The Linux drivers support for this kind of technology is now so brilliant at this time (you can try Bumblebee or Primus) for a minimal VGA switching.

7. After you detected your Graphics, is now time to install appropriate drivers. By default, Arch offers Vesa default video driver – xf86-video-vesa – that can handle a large number of graphic chipsets but does not provide any 2D or 3D acceleration support.

Also Arch Linux provides two types of Video Drivers.

1. Open Source (maintained and developed by distribution – recommended for installation).
2. Proprietary (developed and maintained by Video Cards manufacturer).

In order to list all available Open Source video drivers provided by Arch Linux official repositories run the following commands.

List Open Source Video Drivers

To list Proprietary drivers run the following commands.

List Proprietary Drivers List AMD/ATI Drivers List Intel Drivers

For Multilib Packages – 32-bit applications on Arch x86_64 – use the following commands.

List Nvidia Drivers

8. After you verify what drivers are available for your Graphics proceed with appropriate video driver package installation. As mentioned above you should stick to Open Source drivers, due to fact that they are maintained and properly tested by the community. To install Graphics Driver run the following command (after xf86-video – press TAB key to show list and autocomplete).

Install Video Drivers

For further information regarding Xorg and Graphics drivers go to Arch Linux Wiki Xorg page at https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Xorg.

9. After your Video Card appropriate drivers has been installed, is time to test Xorg server and video drivers by issuing the following command.

If everything is correctly configured a basic X session should start like in the screenshot below, which you can ditch by typing exit onto the larger console window.

Start Basic X Session

Step 2: Install Desktop Environment – Cinnamon

10. Now is time to provide an awesome innovative customizable Graphical User Interface – Full Desktop Environment for our system by installing Cinnamon package. Run the following command to install Cinnamon and other dependency from official arch repository.

11. Next step is to install GDM display manager package which helps system to start X server and provides a Graphical User Interface for users to login to Cinnamon DE.

12. Next step is to enable then start and test GDM by logging to Arch Linux using your credentials.

13. After GDM loads you will be prompted with a Login window. Select your user -> click on Sign In left icon and choose Cinnamon, then enter your password and hit Sign In button or Enter key.

GDM Login Screen

14. So far our internet connection is managed through command line, but if you want to manage your network connections from GUI you need to disable dhcpd service and install, enable and start Network Manager package. Also install net-tools package for extended network commands. From GUI open an UXterm shell prompt and run the following commands.

UXterm Terminal

Install ifconfig provided by net-tools package and then view interface configuration using following commands.

Next, install Network Manager.

Disable dhcpcd service.

Start end enable Network Manager.

Start Network Manager Disable dhcpd Service

15. Now test your internet connection again running ifconfig to get network interfaces status, then issue a ping command against a domain.

Verify Network Connections

To do a complete system testing, reboot your system to make sure everything is correctly installed and configured so far.

Step 3: Install Basic Softwares

16. For now our system provides a minimum installed software that can’t be much of help on a day to day desktop or laptop use. Run the following long command to install basic softwares.

Install Basic Softwares

17. Also install codecs required for multimedia applications to encode or decode audio or video streams by issuing the following command.

18. Install LibreOffice package if you need Office tools like Writer, Calc, Impress, Draw, Math and Base by running the following command and press Enter key on selection (default=all).

Install LibreOffice

If you need other programs or utilities visit Arch Linux Packages page at https://www.archlinux.org/packages/, search for your package and install it via Pacman.

To remove a package use –R switch with pacman command.

19. To install community maintained software install Yaourt Package Manager Tool (not recommended to use yaourt for beginner users).

Step 4: Customize Cinnamon Desktop

20. Cinnamon System Settings provides the interface through you can adjust and customize Arch and Cinnamon DE with whatever settings suits your needs. The following settings will show you how to change your system general look and feel (theme and icons). First of all, install Faenza Icon Theme and Numix Theme.

Install Faenza Icon Theme and Numix Theme

21. Then open System settings –> Themes –> Other Settings –> choose Numix on Controls and Window borders and
Faenza on Icons.

System Settings Theme Settings

22. To change default Cinnamon theme go to System settings –> Themes –> Get more online –> select and install Minty, then go to Installed tab, choose and Apply Minty theme.

Install Minty Theme Minty Theme Installed

That’s all! Now your final system appearance should look like in the screenshot below.

Cinnamon Desktop in Arch Linux

23. As a last customization to display a nice graphical monitoring tool on system toolbar first install the following packages.

Then open System Settings –> Applets –> Get more online, search for Multi-Core System Monitor and install it, then switch to Installed tab, right click and Add to panel.

Applets Panel Multi Core System Monitor System Monitoring Preferences Tab

You now have a complete good looking Arch Linux Desktop with basic software needed to browse Internet, watch movies, listen music or write Office docs.

For a complete Application List visit the following page

Build on a Rolling Release model Arch Linux also provides other Linux Desktop Environments, such as KDE, GNOME, Mate, LXDE, XFCE, Enlightenment, from its official repositories , so choosing Cinnamon or other DE is just a pure simple personal choice, but, in my opinion, Cinnamon provides a better flexibility (Themes, Applets, Desklets and Extensions) against complex customizations than its parent Gnome Shell.

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