Open или Opened? Close или Closed? “Открыто” и “закрыто” по-английски

Со словами open и opened есть любопытный момент. Когда мы говорим, что магазин открыт, мы говорим “We are open” (“Мы открыты”). Если магазин закрыт, то “We are closed” (“Мы закрыты”). Почему в таком случае мы не говорим “We are opened” или “We are close”? Если что-то открыто, то это open или opened? Давайте разберемся в этом вопросе.

“We are open” или “We are opened”?

Если речь об открытом, работающем магазине, то правильно будет “We are open”. Вот почему:

open – это в данном случае прилагательное “открытый”, to be open значит “быть открытым”.

Приведу другие примеры с этим прилагательным:

The door is open. – Дверь открыта (букв. “является открытой”).

The smoke was coming in through the open windows. – Дым попадал внутрь через открытые окна.

Что касается слова opened, то это может быть прошедшее время или причастие прошедшего времени от to open. Примеры, где open – это глагол to open в Past Simple:

I opened the door and came in. – Я открыл дверь и вошел внутрь.

Someone opened all the windows. – Кто-то открыл все окна.

Теперь пример, где open – это причастие прошедшего времени от глагола to open. Обратите внимание, что данная форма близка по значению к прилагательному open (открытый), но только близка, а не идентична.

The chest was opened by treasure hunters long ago. – Сундук был открыт искателями сокровищ очень давно.

The window was not opened, it was broken. – Окно не было открыто (его не открыли), оно было сломано (его сломали).

Другими словами, если мы скажем “We are opened”, получится, что нас открыли, что бы это ни значило, то есть открыли, как открывают дверь, банку, сумку или предприятие. А если мы скажем “We are open” – это будет значить, что мы открыты, то есть работаем.

“We are close” или “We are closed”?

Может показаться, что по аналогии про закрытый магазин нужно говорить “We are close”, ведь мы же говорим “We are open”, не так ли? Нет, здесь другой случай.

Напомню, open – это прилагательное “открытый”. Но слово close – это не прилагательное “закрытый”, это прилагательное “близкий (о человеке)” или “находящийся близко”, например:

He is my close friend. – Он мой близкий друг.

The Christmas tree was too close to the fireplace. – Рождественская елка находилась слишком близко к камину.

Слово close не может значить “закрытый (магазин, предмет)”. А вот слово closed – может.

Closed – это:

• Прилагательное “закрытый”,
• Прошедшее время от to close,
• Причастие прошедшего времени от to close.

“We are close” значит “Мы близки (с кем-то)” или “Мы поблизости”. Табличка “Закрыто” по-английски – это “CLOSED”

Приведу примеры, где closed – это прилагательное “закрытый”:

The bank is closed. – Банк закрыт (не работает).

He was knocking on the closed door. – Он стучался в закрытую дверь.

Здесь у вас может возникнуть вопрос, но если closed – это и прилагательное, и причастие прошедшего времени, разве нельзя, скажем, предложение “The door was closed” понять двояко? То есть:

1. Дверь закрыта (не открыта).
2. Дверь закрыта (ее кто-то закрыл).

Да, это возможно. Но путаницы это обычно не вызывает, если только не придумывать специально какой-нибудь каламбур на эту тему.

Если вы скажете “The store is closed”, к примеру, вас поймут именно как “Магазин закрыт”, то есть “не работает”, а не в том плане, что кто-то взял и закрыл его.

Но если вы скажете “The store was closed by local officials”, то здесь слово “closed” уже поймут как причастие прошедшего времени, поэтому что это ясно из контекста: “Магазин был закрыт местными представителями власти”.

Заключение

Подведу итоги. Когда говорят, что предмет, магазин и проч. открыты или закрыты в плане “являются открытыми/закрытыми”, используют прилагательные open или closed:

Sorry, we are closed. – Извините, мы закрыты (не работаем).

We are open 24 hours. – Мы работаем круглосуточно.

Если же вы хотите сказать, что над предметом произведено действие “открытие” или “закрытие” (как буквально, так в значении “старт/прекращение” чего-то), то есть если вы используете конструкцию в страдательном залоге, то используйте слова opened и closed:

Many store were opened by immigrants. – Много магазинов было открыто иммигрантами.

The door was closed, locked and sealed. – Дверь была закрыта (ее закрыли), заперта и опечатана.

When a Door closes a Window opens

The following article is all about the sophisticated art of discovering possibilities in times of great trouble; and the way to see the good in bad situations. Life can be a tough ride. It’s harsh, hard and slaps you occasionally in the face. Sometimes, it seems like a never-ending struggle from one problem to another. And as if this wasn’t enough already, we encounter every once in a while an incident that is so severe, so drastic and shocking that it changes our life forever. Unfortunately, in most cases, this change is not for the better. ( Feel free to skip the intro to see how to discover opportunities in times of setbacks.) There are times in life when a door is proverbially slammed right in front of your face. I’ve experienced one major life-changing event, and of course a couple of minor events that everyone else undergoes as well, like being left, given notice, stolen from, etc.

And certainly, I asked myself whenever I encountered one of these “minor life-changing events” why it was always me who had to endure such an awful thing. That was until I grew older and was confronted with a truly “major life-changing event”. It did not only make me realize how insignificant most of the minor happenings were, but it also elucidated all the things I could no longer do in my life. It made me realize all the doors that had been slammed shut, never to be opened again.

I spend a lot of time in grief about all the doors that were closed and all the opportunities that were missed. It was a tough episode in my life, but time is a great healer, as they say, and so I began to make the best out my situation. And after many, many months I had learned to at least deal with the situation. But it took me a lot of reflection and courage to discover all the doors, windows and opportunities that had presented themselves only as a result of this major life-changing event.

Only when I was brave enough to accept the situation I found myself in, only when I was courageous enough to let go of the bitterness concerning the missed opportunities, I began to discover new paths and even more exciting avenues. I do realize now that – especially this tough and difficult time – paved the way to something new and made me the person I am today. If someone would ask me if I wanted to experience a similar thing again, I would certainly answer no, as it was something you wouldn’t even wish for your worst enemy. But, I wouldn’t want to miss all the amazing opportunities it brought me.

New opportunities in times of great trouble

There’s a lesson to be learned in everything that happens to you. And it takes a lot of courage to discover the windows that were opened by such a situation. Remaining in grief and self-pity, or entirely giving up is always the easier alternative. But in reality, some doors and windows can only be opened, when an existing door is closed.

When a door closes, look out for the window that opens!

How to Discover Opportunity in Times of Great Challenge?

In the following, I will show you some of the most important steps toward finding the good in bad situations.

#1 Take yourself a break, time will heal!

That’s, in my opinion, the single most important aspect in discovering opportunities in times of great trouble. Naturally, you might not see any new window opening when your emotional wounds are still open and the pain is still felt. Your situation might seem hopeless, while the memory is still fresh. Therefore, it’s so important to give yourself a hiatus, before even thinking of looking for a window that has opened. [Of course, this only applies to very severe happenings!]. The reason why I’m stressing this out lies therein that you will not be ready to discover any opportunity if you haven’t allowed yourself some time for yourself to come to terms with what happened.

Depending on the severity of what happened, this can take months or even years! But time heals all wounds; it may not restore things, it may not change your life for the better, but it allows you to come to terms with the past.

Feel free to bookmark this site, to return to it at a later point in time, if you don’t feel ready to continue, yet.

If you allow time to pass, you will notice that many new opportunities have presented themselves, and may have already been integrated into your new life. This often goes unnoticed, at the first moment.

#2 Distract yourself

Try to get distraction, by focusing on things that do not remind you of what happened. Treat yourself to something good. Also, by keeping yourself engaged in an activity that totally absorbs your mind and soul, you will more likely think about positive things, for a longer period of time.

#3 Develop acceptance

Secondly, acceptance about what happened is needed before you are ready to discover new possibilities, challenges and unnoticed options. The perfect moment to search and discover the windows that have opened is when you do not feel any more grief about the door that has closed.

#4 Have the courage to find new possibilities

Does it take courage to discover and accept the windows as what they are? Yes, certainly! I can only relate to my situation, but it took me a lot of courage to discover these new opportunities and just as much courage to see what could be found behind these windows.

#5 Avoid comparisons with the door that closed

The difficulty for me lied therein that not all of these new opportunities looked worthwhile at all. Especially not when compared to my past lifestyle. And this was a major mistake, which prohibited me from discovering all the new fantastic windows and doors much earlier. I firmly believe that I would have never chosen to discover what could be found in each new opportunity, if I had continued to compare all of them with the doors that had closed. So, it was tremendously helpful for me to clarify that a new chapter in my life had begun, whether I liked it or not.

Therefore, it’s so important to let go of the door that closed. In most situations, the windows that opened through a troublous time do not look like new opportunities at all. Many of them seem much more like a step backward, but I realized that most of them turned out to be very profound and enriched my life.

#6 Go with the flow and don’t force things

I know from my personal experience that most of the new circumstances do not immediately present themselves after a door has been shut close. Also, the attempt to force new doors to open is, in my opinion, counter-productive. Rather than doing that, I would recommend you to simply “go with the flow”, i.e. by doing whatever feels right to you at the moment. A while later you will automatically know if these things have developed into new opportunities or not.

#7 Discover the lessons and internalize them

Number 7 applies to mildly bad situations, but not to all malign happenings. Many bad situations we encounter in life bring a valuable, mostly hidden, lesson. And in fact, depending on your own insight about life, a lesson can be drawn out of nearly every stroke of faith, (not all though!) By finding the root cause for a bad happening, you have the chance to learn a lesson out of what happened, in order to avoid similar occurrences in the future.

What were the negative events in your life that helped you to discover new opportunities? We’re excited to hear from you in the comment section below.

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About Author

Steve is the founder of Planet of Success, the #1 choice when it comes to motivation, self-growth and empowerment. This world does not need followers. What it needs is people who stand in their own sovereignty. Join us in the quest to live life to the fullest!

Closing doors and opening windows

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