Windows commands

All supported versions of Windows (server and client) have a set of Win32 console commands built in.

This set of documentation describes the Windows Commands you can use to automate tasks by using scripts or scripting tools.

Prerequisites

The information that is contained in this topic applies to:

• Windows Server 2019
• Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel)
• Windows Server 2016
• Windows Server 2012 R2
• Windows Server 2012
• Windows Server 2008 R2
• Windows Server 2008
• Windows 10
• Windows 8.1

Command shell overview

The Command shell was the first shell built into Windows to automate routine tasks, like user account management or nightly backups, with batch (.bat) files. With Windows Script Host you could run more sophisticated scripts in the Command shell. For more information, see cscript or wscript. You can perform operations more efficiently by using scripts than you can by using the user interface. Scripts accept all Commands that are available at the command line.

Windows has two command shells: The Command shell and PowerShell. Each shell is a software program that provides direct communication between you and the operating system or application, providing an environment to automate IT operations.

PowerShell was designed to extend the capabilities of the Command shell to run PowerShell commands called cmdlets. Cmdlets are similar to Windows Commands but provide a more extensible scripting language. You can run Windows Commands and PowerShell cmdlets in Powershell, but the Command shell can only run Windows Commands and not PowerShell cmdlets.

For the most robust, up-to-date Windows automation, we recommend using PowerShell instead of Windows Commands or Windows Script Host for Windows automation.

You can also download and install PowerShell Core, the open source version of PowerShell.

Incorrectly editing the registry may severely damage your system. Before making the following changes to the registry, you should back up any valued data on the computer.

To enable or disable file and directory name completion in the Command shell on a computer or user logon session, run regedit.exe and set the following reg_DWOrd value:

To set the reg_DWOrd value, use the hexadecimal value of a control character for a particular function (for example, 0 9 is Tab and 0 08 is Backspace). User-specified settings take precedence over computer settings, and command-line options take precedence over registry settings.

Command-line reference A-Z

To find information about a specific command, in the following A-Z menu, click the letter that the command starts with, and then click the command name.

select volume

Applies to: Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel), Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows Server 2012

Selects the specified volume and shifts the focus to it. This command can also be used to display the volume that currently has the focus in the selected disk.

Syntax

Parameters

Parameter	Description
The number of the volume to receive the focus. You can view the numbers for all volumes on the disk currently selected by using the list volume command in DiskPart.
The drive letter or mount point path of the volume to receive the focus.

Remarks

If no volume is specified, this command displays the volume that currently has the focus in the selected disk.

On a basic disk, selecting a volume also gives the focus to the corresponding partition.

If a volume is selected with a corresponding partition, the partition will be automatically selected.

If a partition is selected with a corresponding volume, the volume will be automatically selected.

Examples

To shift the focus to volume 2, type:

To shift the focus to Drive C, type:

To shift the focus to the volume mounted on a folder named c:\mountpath, type:

To display the volume that currently has the focus in the selected disk, type:

Изменить громкость звука Windows через командную строку

Можно ли изменить громкость в Windows XP через командную строку?

NirCmd это приложение, которое делает это и многое другое.

• Увеличить объем системы на 2000 единиц (из 65535)
  nircmd.exe changesysvolume 2000
• Уменьшить системный объем на 5000 единиц (из 65535)
  nircmd.exe changesysvolume -5000
• Установите громкость на максимальное значение
  nircmd.exe setsysvolume 65535
• безгласный
  nircmd.exe mutesysvolume 1
• Unmute
  nircmd.exe mutesysvolume 0

Создайте файлы JavaScript:

Покажите регулятор громкости, чтобы вы могли видеть, что вы делаете:

Примечание: этот подход надежно работает на машинах, на которых я пытался его использовать. Ответ Хелен на вопрос StackOverflow Сибо Линя об этомозначает, что отключение звука ненадежно, но изменение громкости может быть не таким надежным. Я подозреваю, что уровень надежности может быть разным на разных машинах. В этом подходе используется технология имитации нажатия клавиш, в частности клавиши регулировки громкости на расширенной мультимедийной клавиатуре. В то время, когда Windows начала поддерживать это, такая клавиатура была в основном мало используемой легкомысленной функцией, которая предлагала функциональность, которая ранее была доступна только с пользовательскими драйверами. Меня не удивило бы, если бы этот код был менее отточенным и менее вероятным, чтобы работать на некоторых различных (возможно, более старых) аппаратных средствах, которые там есть. Все это говорит, у меня не было проблем с этим сам.

• На этот ответ сильно повлиял ответ Райана на вопрос Сибо Линя об изменении громкости в командной строке . (Имея хорошее представление о том, как это сделать, я искал пример того, как это сделать.)
• Я подозреваю, что блог Эда Уилсона «Hey Scripting Guy!» В Microsoft: статья об использовании навороченного скрипта для настройки громкости динамика, возможно, была (прямым или косвенным) источником вдохновения для многих людей, которые предложили такой подход.

Одно предостережение: этот вопрос был помечен Windows XP. Я только что попробовал это в Windows 10. Я знаю, что использовал это в Windows 7 (по крайней мере, достаточно, чтобы проверить это). Когда я впервые начал видеть встроенную поддержку Microsoft для этих улучшенных клавиатур во времена Windows ME, я думаю, что это, вероятно, будет хорошо работать и в WinXP. Я не помню, тестировал ли я это с этой операционной системой. Тем не менее, если этот подход не работает, я не ожидаю, что он вызовет проблемные побочные эффекты.

create volume simple create volume simple

Область применения: Windows Server (половина ежегодного канала), Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows Server 2012 Applies to: Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel), Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows Server 2012

Создает простой том на указанном динамическом диске. Creates a simple volume on the specified dynamic disk. После создания тома фокус автоматически переместится на новый том. After you create the volume, the focus automatically shifts to the new volume.

Синтаксис Syntax

Параметры Parameters

Параметр Parameter	Описание Description
Размер = size=	Размер тома в мегабайтах (МБ). The size of the volume in megabytes (MB). Если размер не указан, новый том занимает оставшееся свободное пространство на диске. If no size is given, the new volume takes up the remaining free space on the disk.
диск = disk=	Динамический диск, на котором создается том. The dynamic disk on which the volume is created. Если диск не указан, используется текущий диск. If no disk is specified, the current disk is used.
Выровняйте = align=	Выравнивает все экстенты томов по ближайшей границе выравнивания. Aligns all volume extents to the closest alignment boundary. Обычно используется с массивами LUN аппаратного RAID-массива для повышения производительности. Typically used with hardware RAID Logical Unit Number (LUN) arrays to improve performance. количество килобайтов (КБ) от начала диска до ближайшей границы выравнивания. is the number of kilobytes (KB) from the beginning of the disk to the closest alignment boundary.
Noerr noerr	Только для сценариев. For scripting only. При возникновении ошибки DiskPart продолжит обрабатывать команды, как если бы ошибка не возникала. When an error is encountered, DiskPart continues to process commands as if the error did not occur. Без этого параметра ошибка приводит к выходу из программы DiskPart с кодом ошибки. Without this parameter, an error causes DiskPart to exit with an error code.

Примеры Examples

Чтобы создать том размером 1000 МБ, на диске 1 введите: To create a volume of 1000 megabytes in size, on disk 1, type:

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How to control the volume level of specific application from command-line, on Windows 7/2008/Vista

Windows 7/2008/Vista has a new feature that allows you to adjust the volume level of every application separately, by using the Volume Mixer utility that comes with Windows.

Windows 7 Volume Mixer

But what about changing the volume level of specific application from command-line and without any user interface ?

The new version of NirCmd (v2.50) allows you to easily set, change, or mute/unmute the volume of every application on Windows 7/2008/Vista.

There are 3 new commands – setappvolume for setting absolute volume lever, changeappvolume for increasing/decreasing the volume level, and muteappvolume which allows you to mute/unmute the volume.

For example, if you want to set the volume of Internet Explorer to 40%, execute this command:
NirCmd.exe setappvolume iexplore.exe 0.4

If you want to decrease the volume of Flash video inside Firefox Web browser by 20% of the maximum volume, execute this command:

NirCmd.exe changeappvolume plugin-container.exe -0.2

If you want to mute/unmute the music that you play on Windows Media Player, execute this command:

NirCmd.exe muteappvolume wmplayer.exe 2

In all 3 commands mentioned above, you can also specify a third optional parameter with the device name or device index that you want to use. When you don’t specify the device, the default output device is used.

If you don’t know which sound devices are available in your system, you can use the new showsounddevices command to get the list of all sound devices in your Windows 7/2008/Vista system:

NirCmd.exe showsounddevices

This entry was posted by NirSoft on February 25, 2011 at 3:31 pm under Utilities Update. You can skip to the end and leave a response. Pinging is currently not allowed. Follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed.

20 Comments

klonuo says:

Thanks you for all your great work
For most of your apps I feel that I’d do the same way, if I’d have those skills

Rodolfo Giovanninetti says:

I use Your nircmd with the command
nircmd win settopmost class “tooltips_class32” 1
to specify the traybar baloons must be topmost on the Z axis.
I would like to know if there is a way to move them upper (on Y axis, not Z), so that even if they are “hidden” by other window on the Z axis I can see them.

Thank You very much

Ghostly says:

I have a question regarding nircmd:
Is it possible to assign specific application to specific device?

For example, I have quad setup, and one of devices (from showsounddevices switch) is “Rear”. Now I wanted to set application to this device by using this command:

>nircmdc setappvolume some_process.exe 0.5 Rear

Unfortunatelly sound comes still from front speakers.

Any comment if this is even possible?

Milan says:

thanks for great program!

I’ve Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 64bit, and changeappvolume,… doesn’t work there :(. I’m trying to change volume of xmplay, so I’m trying:
nircmd changeappvolume xmplay.exe +1000
but no change… Can you help me please?

Thanks in advance,
Milan

sidespin says:

sidespin says:

ps: how did u do that? ^^
I’m looking for a solution for a few months now to programmatically control the volumes of specific applications in Windows 7, without luck.

Vince says:

I am trying to change Windows Media Player volume with this command:

nircmd.exe setappvolume wmplayer.exe 1 (from .1 to 1)

and i can see the Volume Mixer slider move, but the Windows Media Player volume does not change untill i click the Volume Mixer slider with the mouse.

Do i need another command to make it take the change into account?

Roy says:

After experimenting with the tool, I can’t determine how to change the volume of “System Sounds” under applications. I can change the master volume and specific applications, but setting a relative volume for “System Sounds” eludes me.

Can you explain how to change it? Is is possible with the utility?

momo says:

Bit of an outdated blog entry but …
Could you add a “getappvolume” command to get and application’s current volume level
and
some command (e.g., showshoundapps) to list all of the possible applications that are producing sound.
.
BTW, thanks for all your utilities.
The Bluetooth Viewer solved a major problem for me.

Keith Baker says:

I’d very much like to be able to allow(force) Windows Media Center to use HDMI speaker output as its audio device rather than the default system audio device. Using NirCmd I can adjust the volume from the command line, mute and unmute it, etc., but so far no joy at all concerning output device. Show devices produces a list in a window, but using those list entries, with and without quotes, as a “third parameter”, seems to have no effect. Please, any help you could give me would be very much appreciated. Thank you 🙂

Keith Baker says:

Grrr — Forgot to include in the above comment, I’m running Windows 7 Ultimate 64 bit. I’ve even tried IndieVolume, but it doesn’t even have an option to control the Media Center application (evidently “ehshell.exe”)

carl says:

Argh, I’ve been looking for something like this for days now and was ready to praise all kinds of lords but… why would you implement setting, but not getting the volume? Ah well, on with the search… 🙂

Oliver Wagner says:

> I am trying to change Windows Media Player volume with this command:
> nircmd.exe setappvolume wmplayer.exe 1 (from .1 to 1)
> and i can see the Volume Mixer slider move, but the Windows Media Player volume does not change untill i click the Volume Mixer slider with the mouse.

I have exactly the same issue here with Firefox on Win7 32 — the slider moves, but the volume won’t change. I have not yet found a solution for this.

Damian says:

For so long I’ve looked for something to programmatically change the WMC volume and even according to M$ it’s not an easy thing to do, and I gave up. Now I see it is possible, I’d dearly love to know just how it was done, I don’t feel like using google for the next 5 weeks trying to dig it up and rereading old pages.

In their wisdom they made it so that using any built in WMC volume changes the Master volume. Yay, thats thinking. I don’t need to hear if I get an Email alert or something, should I mute the tv for a while. Nope, I like to get up and sit in front of the PC from the lounge and fiddle with 1 stupid thing M$ declared was a feature. 10″ reasoning my foot.

Ahh well, back to batch files. 🙁

Andrew says:

On my windows 7 Pro PC (HP DC5750 MT) I was able to see among the devices “Flash Player” which was great. Now I don’t see this. May have done a basic cleanup only .. strange. Any explanation/ way to re-enable Flash as one of the choices?

Dewshbog says:

I think this program still works great, but just the update in some programs seem to hide other programs running in the background. For example I got this for muting flash player, but you’d think that program would be called plugin-container.exe. Unfortunately that isn’t the case and I found out adobe decided to name it something else. So make sure you are muting the right application or passing the right information to the right program.

nircmd.exe muteappvolume flashplayerplugin_11_4_402_262.exe 2

Joseph says:

Is there a way to set all application volumes at the same time? like calling setappvolume with just a device number and the left and right volume and no application name? maybe there’s a registry change that could set all app volumes to a certain value? I’m asking because I’ve got over 90 games installed and many of them are too loud, even with master volume on 1 or 0.5 out of 100. I’m using windows 7 64bit.

Sam says:

I had a little trouble with this, so FYI:

To adjust/mute/unpute *ONLY* the “System Sounds” – system notifications (such as Outlook new email notifications which may randomly/unexpectedly appear; other programs that may generate and use system sounds for notifications or errors, but not specifically have their own control and then appear as a separate item in the “Volume Mixer”):

NidCmd MuteAppVolume SystemSound 2 (toggle mute state of SystemSound *only*)
NidCmd ChangeAppVolume SystemSound -0.1 (decrease volume of SystemSound *only* by 10%)
NidCmd SetAppVolume SystemSound 0.4 (set volume of SystemSound *only* to 20% of maximum)

Thanks to everyone for a great program and for all your help and suggestions (on here and other pages) .

Leonardo says:

Hi, i have a question:

I’m using the command line to mute an specific app “Dolphin.exe” the command line is this one “nircmd.exe muteappvolume Dolphin.exe 2” but nothing happens, but when i use the proccess id instead of the name of the proccess it works, saddly the proccess id changes every time that i open the software, so how i can get this to work with the process name?

Anonymous says:

Thank you very much worked perfectly with the game Overwatch.