Count files in all subdirectories linux

Count Number of Files in a Directory in Linux

I presume you are aware of the wc command for counting number of lines. We can use the same wc command with ls command to count the number of files in a directory.

This task seems simple but could soon turn slightly complex based on your need and definition of counting files. Before I confuse you further, let’s see about various use cases of counting the number of files in Linux.

Count number of files in directory in Linux

Let me first show you the content of the test directory I am going to use in this tutorial:

You can see that it has 9 files (including one hidden file) and 2 sub-directories in that directory. But you don’t have to do it manually. Let’s count the number of files using Linux commands.

Count number of files and directories (without hidden files)

You can simply run the combination of the ls and wc command and it will display the number of files:

This is the output:

There is a problem with this command. It counts all the files and directories in the current directories. But it doesn’t see the hidden files (the files that have name starting with a dot).

This is the reason why the above command showed me a count of 10 files instead of 11 (9 files and 2 directories).

Count number of files and directories including hidden files

You probably already know that -a option of ls command shows the hidden files. But if you use the ls -a command, it also displays the . (present directory) and .. (parent directory). This is why you need to use -A option that displays the hidden files excluding . and .. directories.

This will give you the correct count of files and directories in the current directory. Have a look at the output that shows a count of 11 (9 files and 2 directories):

You can also use this command to achieve the same result:

Note that it the option used is 1 (one) not l (L). Using the l (L) option displays an additional line at the beginning of the output (see ‘total 64’ in the directory output at the beginning of the article). Using 1 (one) lists one content per line excluding the additional line. This gives a more accurate result.

Count number of files and directories including the subdirectories

What you have see so far is the count of files and directories in the current directory only. It doesn’t take into account the files in the subdirectories.

If you want to count the number of files and directories in all the subdirectories, you can use the tree command.

This command shows the directory structure and then displays the summary at the bottom of the output.

As you can see in the output, it shows that there are 7 directories and 20 files in total. The good thing about this result is that it doesn’t count directories in the count of files.

Count only the files, not directories

So far, all the solutions we have seen for counting the number of files, also take directories into account. Directories are essentially files but what if you want to count only the number of files, not directories? You can use the wonderful find command.

You can run this command:

The above command searched for all the files (type f) in current directory and its subdirectories.

Count only the files, not directories and only in current directory, not subdirectories

That’s cool! But what if you want to count the number of files in the current directory only excluding the files in the subdirectories? You can use the same command as above but with a slight difference.

All you have to do is to add the ‘depth’ of your find. If you set it at 1, it won’t enter the subdirectories.

Here’s the output now:

In the end…

In Linux, you can have multiple ways to achieve the same goal. I am pretty sure there can be several other methods to count the number of files in Linux. If you use some other command, why not share it with us?

I hope this Linux tutorial helped you learn a few things. Stay in touch for more Linux tips.

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How to count Files and Directories in Linux

Hey folks, here we have a set of tricky commands that will help you to count the number of files and directories in a directory on Linux.

If you run out of disk space on your Linux system, you will need to find which directory contains thousands of files.

Once you find some old or unused files or directories on your system, you can delete them using the rm command.

Files and Directories can be counted using several commands such as ‘ls’, ‘egrep’, ‘echo’, ‘wc’, ‘tree’ and ‘find’. But to get this, we need to combine at least two commands.

It counts files or directories or symbolic links or specific user-created files and directories.

To demonstrate this, we have created a total of 16 files and 2 directories. Also, included 21 examples for better understanding.

1) Counting files and directories in Directory with tree command

The tree command with the -a option will count all together (files and directories) recursively. The below example shows everything in detail.

The above output could be awkward if there are thousands of files and folders in a directory. To make it precise, use the tree and tail command together:

Remove the ‘-a’ option to exclude hidden files in the tree command output. The Hidden files come with a dot (.) prefix.

2) How to count files and directories in a Directory with ls command

The ls command is the most basic command used by everyone in the Linux system.

The below ls command will count the number of files and directories in the current directory.

2.a) Counting only files in a Directory

The below ls command counts the number of files in the given directory with combination of the grep & wc commands:

Alternatively, this can be done using the ‘egrep’ command without the wc command as shown below:

Details :

• ls : list directory contents
• -l : Use a long listing format
• /home/daygeek/test : Directory path
• | : control operator that send the output of one program to another program for further processing.
• egrep : print lines matching a pattern
• -c : General Output Control
• ‘^-‘ : This respectively match the empty string at the beginning and end of a line.

2.b) Counting all files (including hidden) in a Directory

The below ls command counts all files, including files hidden in the given directory:

Alternatively this can be done using the egrep command without the wc command, as shown below:

2.c) How to count only Directory

The below ls command will only count the number of folders/directories in a given directory:

Also, you can use the wildcard (*) option to count directories in the current directory:

2.d) How to count files recursively in Directory

The below ls command counts all files, including files hidden in the current directory recursively:

2.e) How to count files recursively except hidden files in a Directory

The below ls command counts all files, Excluding hidden files in the current directory recursively:

2.f) How to count only Folders recursively in a Directory

The below ls command counts only folders in the current directory recursively:

3) How to count files recursively in Directory with find command

The below find command recursively counts all the files, including hidden files in the current directory:

Details :

• find : search for files in a directory hierarchy
• -type : File is of type
• f : regular file
• wc : It’s a command to print newline, word, and byte counts for each file
• -l : print the newline counts

3.a) How to count only Folders recursively in Directory

The below find command recursively counts only the folders in the current directory:

3.b) How to count a specific file extension in Directory

The below find command recursively counts all files based on the extension in the current directory. For instance, let’s count the list of files with the extension ‘.sh’ .

3.c) Counting files owned by a specific user

The below find command recursively counts all files owned by a specific user, including files hidden in the given directory:

3.d) Counting only directories owned by a specific user

The below find command recursively counts all folders owned by a specific user in the given directory:

3.f) Counting files owned by a specific group

The below find command recursively counts all the files owned by a particular group, including files hidden in the given directory:

3.g) Counting only directories owned by a specific group

The below find command recursively counts all folders owned by a specific group in the given directory:

3.h) Counting files and directories owned by a specific user

The below find command recursively counts all files and directories owned by a specific user, including files hidden in the given directory:

4) How to count files and directories in Directory using echo command

The below echo command will count the number of files and directories in the current directory, including symbolic files. In the below output, the center value 7 represents the number of files and directories in the current directory.

5) Counting Files, Directories, & Link Files in a Directory

The below find command recursively counts all files and directories in the given directory, including normal files, folders, symbolic links and Hard links files.

6) Counts entire Linux system files

The below find command counts all files (including hidden files) in the entire Linux system:

6a) Counts entire Linux system directories

The below find command counts all folders on the entire Linux system:

7) Counting Files, Directories, Link Files in Linux

The below find command recursively counts all files and directories on the entire Linux system, including normal files, folders, symbolic links and Hard links files:

References :

Closing Notes

In this guide, we have shown you several examples to count files, directories and link files in a directory on Linux.

If you have any questions, please feel free to add your comments below, and we will address them at the earliest. Happy Learning!

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ls command in Linux/Unix

ls is a Linux shell command that lists directory contents of files and directories.

ls syntax

ls command options

ls command main options:

option	description
ls -a	list all files including hidden file starting with ‘.’
ls —color	colored list [=always/never/auto]
ls -d	list directories — with ‘ */’
ls -F	add one char of */=>@| to enteries
ls -i	list file’s inode index number
ls -l	list with long format — show permissions
ls -la	list long format including hidden files
ls -lh	list long format with readable file size
ls -ls	list with long format with file size
ls -r	list in reverse order
ls -R	list recursively directory tree
ls -s	list file size
ls -S	sort by file size
ls -t	sort by time & date
ls -X	sort by extension name

ls command examples

You can press the tab button to auto complete the file or folder names.

List directory Documents/Books with relative path:

List directory /home/user/Documents/Books with absolute path.

List root directory:

List parent directory:

List user’s home directory (e.g: /home/user):

List with long format:

Show hidden files:

List with long format and show hidden files:

Sort by date/time:

Sort by file size:

List all subdirectories:

Recursive directory tree list:

List only text files with wildcard:

ls redirection to output file:

List directories only:

List files and directories with full path:

ls code generator

Select ls options and press the Generate Code button:

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