Информация, необходимой для устранения проблемы синего экрана Windows XP

Операционная система Windows XP славится своим умением зависать по самым разным поводам и с самыми разными результатами. Иногда решить проблему можно просто завершением неотвечающего приложения или перезагрузкой, но в некоторых случаях это может привести к сбою всей системы. Microsoft называет такие сбои «стоп-ошибками» (Stop errors), потому что в подобных случаях система перестает реагировать на действия пользователя. При возникновении стоп-ошибки вместо графического пользовательского интерфейса появляется синий экран в стиле DOS с зашифрованным сообщением об ошибке и ее кодовым номером. Этот экран любовно называют «синим экраном смерти» — «Blue Screen of Death» или, сокращенно, BSOD.

В этой статье я расскажу, как анализировать данные BSOD и вычленять из них информацию, необходимую для решения проблемы. Я также перечислю самые распространенные стоп-ошибки Microsoft Windows XP и дам ссылки на официальные справочные статьи Microsoft, в которых предлагаются возможные решения проблемы.

Как расшифровать сообщение BSOD

Стоп-ошибки могут быть вызваны сбоями как аппаратуры, так и программного обеспечения, но чаще всего причиной являются именно неполадки оборудования. Каждая стоп-ошибка сопровождается подробным описанием и шестнадцатеричным кодом ошибки из восьми цифр. При первом столкновении с синим экраном это может показаться неочевидным (главным образом, из-за шока, вызванного его появлением), но на самом деле, описание и код ошибки можно использовать для диагностики проблемы. Нужно просто уметь вычленять из сообщения BSOD ключевые сведения, чтобы понять, где искать решение. Главное — разобраться, где в сообщении содержится нужная информация.

Предположим, вы столкнулись с синим экраном, показанным на рис. A.

В верхней части синего экрана содержится описание ошибки, состоящее из слепленных друг с другом слов, написанных прописными буквами и разделенных символами подчеркивания. В следующем отрывке сообщения BSOD текст KMODE_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED является описанием ошибки:

(Была обнаружена ошибка, в результате которой операционная система была отключена, чтобы предотвратить повреждение компьютера.)

Сразу же после описания ошибки следуют общие рекомендации по решению проблемы. В некоторых случаях они действительно помогают, но стоит иметь в виду, что почти во всех сообщениях BSOD присутствуют одни и те же рекомендации:

(Если вы видите это сообщение об ошибке впервые, перезагрузите компьютер. Если сообщение об ошибке появляется вновь, выполните следующие рекомендации:

Проверьте, правильно ли установлено новое оборудование или программное обеспечение. Если система была установлена недавно, обратитесь к поставщику оборудования или программного обеспечения за необходимыми обновлениями Windows.

Если ошибка по-прежнему возникает, отключите или удалите все недавно установленное оборудование или программное обеспечение. Отключите такие функции памяти BIOS, как кэширование или использование теневого ОЗУ. Если для отключения или удаления компонентов необходимо запустить систему в безопасном режиме, перезагрузите компьютер, нажмите клавишу F8 для выбора других вариантов загрузки и выберите безопасный режим.)

За общими рекомендациями следует раздел технических сведений (Technical Information) с шестнадцатеричным кодом ошибки из восьми цифр. В зависимости от вида ошибки код обычно сопровождается четырьмя дополнительными значениями, заключенными в круглые скобки. Как правило, нужной информации в них не содержится, но на всякий случай стоит все же обратить на них внимание. Если ошибка, вызвавшая появление синего экрана, непосредственно связана с каким-либо файлом, в этом разделе упоминается и имя этого файла. В нашем примере ошибку вызвал файл ati3diag.dll:

За разделом технических сведений вновь следует сообщение общего характера о том, что Windows XP сохранила содержание системной памяти в файл на жестком диске:

(Начинаю сохранение физической памяти.
Сохранение физической памяти завершено.
Обратитесь к системному администратору или в службу технической поддержки для разрешения проблемы.)

Вооружившись полученными сведениями, можно зайти на официальную страницу технической поддержки Microsoft и поискать решение проблемы в базе справочной информации .

Самые распространенные стоп-ошибки в Windows XP

Теперь, когда вы умеете расшифровывать сообщения BSOD и вычленять из загадочной писанины на экране нужную информацию, давайте рассмотрим некоторые распространенные виды стоп-ошибок в Windows XP. Имейте в виду, что на самом деле, их бывает гораздо больше. Для каждой описанной ошибки я буду указывать адрес соответствующей справочной статьи на официальном сайте Microsoft. Одной ошибке может быть посвящено сразу несколько статей, поэтому при необходимости имеет смысл поискать в справочной базе Microsoft дополнительную информацию.

Is there a way to disable Windows 7 from shutting down and restarting without authorization?

I was working on my computer this morning, and all of a sudden the window went black. Then I saw the message, «Windows is shutting down.» The computer ignored alt-ctl-delete, shut down, and restarted. I came back from a walk this evening to find that it had shut down and restarted, again without authorization.

I ran a malware scanner yesterday, by the way, so I don’t think malware is the problem.

Is there a way to disable Windows’ ability to shut down and restart without authorization?

I still don’t know when you uninstalled the McAfee free-trialware or if you’ve ever run the McAfee removal tool (whether my links were correct or not [they are now].

That being said, cross your fingers & try the following fix:

[You will want to print these instructions for offline reference. IMPORTANT => DON’T SKIP ANY STEP & perform all Steps in one, uninterrupted session! If a Step says to reboot, reboot! ]

1. Right-click on the following link, select SAVE TARGET AS. & download the McAfee Consumer Products Removal Tool, saving it to your desktop: http://download.mcafee.com/products/licensed/cust_support_patches/MCPR.exe

2. Close all open applications (i.e., anything with an icon on the taskbar).

3. Right-click on the file you saved in Step #1 above and select Run as Administrator. to run the utility. Don’t TOUCH your keyboard until the run completes, then reboot.

5. Open Internet Explorer (only!) to http://support.microsoft.com/kb/923737 [ignore any DOES NOT APPLY warnings as well as the APPLIES TO section] & run the Fix It.

Note=> For optimal results, check the Delete personal settings option.

6a. Open Internet Explorer (only!) to http://support.microsoft.com/kb/910336 [ignore the title & Symptoms].

6b. IMPORTANT! => Dismiss/close the «Windows Update troubleshooter» pop-up! — then.

6c. Ignoring any «Not recommended» or similar warnings, run Fix It 50202 in DEFAULT and then AGGRESSIVE modes. [2]

8. Reply to this post with a status report.

===============================================================
[1] After we’ve finished this thread, feel free to reassert Firefox as your default if you wish.

[2] Full Disclosure: Running the Fix It in AGGRESSIVE mode will delete your Update History but not the list of Installed Updates.

Robear Dyer (PA Bear)
Microsoft MVP (Windows Client) since October 2002

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REPOSTING FROM MY REPLY TO YOUR LATER THREAD.

Basically, I hit a brick wall whenever I try to follow Microsoft’s «helpful» guidance. It said I needed to turn on Windows security; when I went to do so, it said simply that it wouldn’t start. It also recommended installation of KB2506014 (a security update). After fighting with Microsoft’s Web site to get the update,* I tried to run it only to get «The specified service does not exist as an installed service.»

* When I ran the validation tool, GenuineCheck.exe, it returned a message to the effect that it was «no longer supported.» I finally got a validation via Internet Explorer but had to download the update through Firefox because IE did nothing when I clicked on the download link.

OPTION A: [Deleted after reading your later reply below]

OPTION B: Residents of North America (US & CA), the UK (and perhaps other regions now) may obtain Microsoft-sponsored Premium (i.e., paid) Support via the Answer Desk => www.answerdesk.com [1]

OPTION C (Strongly Recommended now): You may be seeing the effects of an ongoing hijackware infection, possibly compounded by a W32/Alureon-variant rootkit infection! See.

Then see the (my) ANSWER post in this thread and follow those instructions (to-the-letter & in order! ) to return your computer to a secure & functional state: http://answers.microsoft.com/thread/c44429fb-3f7c-4646-8529-5a97bb3cd0eb

If you need additional assistance with the clean install, you can begin your own, new thread in this forum: http://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/windows_vista-system

If these procedures are outside of your technical «comfort zone» — and there is no shame in admitting this isn’t your cup of tea — take the computer to a local, reputable and independent (i.e., not a «BigBoxStore» or the Geek Squad!) computer repair shop & let them do the work.

Note: The computer should NOT be connected to the internet or any local networks (i.e., other computers) in its current state. All of your personal data (e.g., online banking & credit-card passwords) should be considered at-risk, if not already compromised.

Wish I’d had better news for you. Good luck! Over & out.

=================================================
[1] $99.00 USD for «update to 2 hours» of remote support; paid up-front & no guarantees.

[Last Revised — 22 August 2012, 21:14 UTC]

Robear Dyer (PA Bear)
Microsoft MVP (Windows Client) since October 2002

Disable Windows Welcome and Shut Down Screens

Guest

I am using the Windows Logon shell and have my application automatically starting on boot up. Is there a way that I can disable the Windows «Welcome» screen from being shown prior to my application being started? Currently this screen is shown for approximately 1-2 second then my application starts and paints the screen with application specific information

Also is there a way to disable the «Windows Shutting Down» Screen that is show when the system is shutting down

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I think this topic has been discussed a few times here so you may want to search in thing NG archive.
I’ll just copy/paste here my old reply:

Try adding the following registry value on your image (I’d suggest you to try it first at run time to see how well it may work for
you):
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\policies\system], «DisableStatusMessages». Set this dword value to «1»
and reboot. After that you should not see «Apply user settings. » and etc. status screens. Basically, the reg.value suppresses
system status messages, which remind users to wait while the system starts or shuts down, or while users log on or off.
This entry stores the setting of the Disable Boot / Shutdown / Logon / Logoff status messages Group Policy. Group Policy adds this
entry to the registry with a value of 1 when you enable the policy. If you disable the policy or set it to Not configured, Group
Policy deletes this entry from the registry, and the system behaves as though the value is 0.

Guest

I tried adding the DIsableStatusMessages value to the registry and it did seem to change the content of the «Windows Shutting Down» Screen but I still have the «Welcome» screen just after boot up and a «Windows Logo» screen on power down. I would like to eliminate both of these screens from being displayed on the application

I think this topic has been discussed a few times here so you may want to search in thing NG archive
I’ll just copy/paste here my old reply

How to Fix Win­dows 10 Stuck on Shut­ting down Screen

Gaurav Bidasaria

07 Sep 2019

Most people I know simply close the lid of their laptop, putting it into hibernation mode. It’s fast, quick, and hassle-free. But, every once in a while, you need to shut it down. Reasons may vary from installing/uninstalling new apps, troubleshooting errors, or simply because it is good for the health of your laptop. Some users found out they could no longer shut down. Their Windows 10 laptop got stuck on shutting down screen.

That’s a weird one because you don’t know quite what to do. Most users simply waited it out only to find it was a waste of time. Other users complained that the laptop shut down because it ran out of battery juice instead. Here are some possible explanations and solutions.

1. Update Windows OS

Press Windows key+I on the keyboard to open Settings and click on Update & Security.

Check for updates there and install, if you find any. That may resolve some known or even unknown bugs.

After installing, restart your PC. Then, check if the computer gets stuck on shutting down screen now.

2. Check If App or Process Are Running

Certain apps or processes may be running in the background. They might be preventing the computer from shutting down completely. Press Ctrl+Shift+Esc keys to open Task Manager and make sure all apps are closed before initiating a shutdown.

Ideally, you should close any open windows and apps before shutting down. Windows takes longer to close these apps and may ask you to save your work before quitting. These can cause further delays or worse, errors.

3. Force Shutdown

There is a way to force shutdown your computer, which only takes a few moments. Press and hold the power button for a few seconds. It’s possible that the next time you shut down, things will go smoother. If not, move on to the next point.

Also on Guiding Tech

Automatically Shutdown Your PC With WinMend Auto Shutdown

4. Troubleshoot Power

Open Settings again (Windows key+I) and search for Find and fix problems with your computer’s power settings.

Click on Advanced in the pop-up window to select Apply repairs automatically and click on Next.

Follow on-screen instructions from there to solve the Windows 10 stuck on shutting down screen error.

5. Fast Startup

This solution is applicable to the laptop users. Press Windows key+X to open a hidden menu and select Power Options there. Click on Additional power settings.

That will open the Control Panel. Click on Choose what the power buttons do.

Click on Change settings that are currently unavailable.

Scroll a little to disable Turn off fast start-up (recommended). Save.

Fast startup helps in booting your computer faster. However, it may interfere in the shutdown process. How? By going into advanced hibernation, which means your system is not shutting down. Hence, faster boot time. It’s also called Hybrid Shutdown. Microsoft support staff has admitted to it saying there may be some compatibility issue. That means a fix might arrive in the future. Fingers crossed, eh?

6. Power Plan

Power plan can be changed, and most Windows 10 users do change it according to their personal needs. What happens when your laptop’s lid is closed or how long before the system sleeps, and so on. Restoring these settings to default may solve the computer stuck on shutting down screen problem.

Go back to Power Options like in the above step and click on Change plan settings.

Click on Change advanced power settings.

Click on Restore plan defaults and then click Apply and OK.

Also on Guiding Tech

How To Solve Stuck Windows Update in Windows 10

7. Startup Apps

There are some apps and programs that are designed to launch when you start your computer. Depending on the number of apps and their complexity, startup and shutdown times may vary from computer to computer. Good time to do some house cleaning. Download and Open CCleaner or you may go for any other reputable app.

Click on Startup under Tools

Select any app that you don’t want to launch at startup and click on Disable here. That will not only help solve the computer stuck on shutting down screen problem, but also improve booting time.

8. Update Intel Drivers

Open Device Manager from the Start menu and wait, scratch that. Intel has launched a utility tool that will keep all your drivers up to date. Just click on the link below to download and install it. I would recommend you to do it even if you are not facing any issues.

Intel drivers are known to cause problems with Windows shutdowns. Note that it will also update IMEI (Intel Management Engine Interface) drivers which you may have seen in some other guides as a recommended step.

9. SFC Scan

System File Checker of SFC scan will look for corrupt system files and attempt to repair them. Open Command Prompt with admin rights and give the below command.

Try to shut down your computer and see if you are still getting stuck or not.

Don’t Shut Down Yourself

Ideally, the shutdown process should go smoothly and is required every once in a while. Getting stuck on shut down screen is frustrating, but you shouldn’t for hours either. If it’s not working in minutes unless otherwise installing an update, follow this guide.

Next up: Want to customize the Windows 10 Start menu smartly? Click on the link below to learn how to go about doing that.

Last updated on 8 Sep, 2019
The above article may contain affiliate links which help support Guiding Tech. However, it does not affect our editorial integrity. The content remains unbiased and authentic.

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