Сausative form в английском языке: have something done / have someone do

Causative form в английском языке представлена следующими конструкциями

• have something done (дословно – иметь что-то сделанным для себя же)
• have someone do something (заставить кого-то что-то сделать для вас)

HAVE SMTH DONE

Мы используем выражение have + object + past participle (have something done) чтобы описать услугу, которую нам оказали, или какое-то неприятное событие, которое с нами произошло в тех случаях, когда действие производим не мы, но направленно оно на нас или на нашу собственность.

I had my car stolen – У меня украли машину.

We had the roof repaired last year. – Нам починили крышу в прошлом году.

Не has had his application turned down – Eго заявление отклонили.

My girlfriend has her letter published in the Times – Письмо моей девушки напечатали в Таймс.

В качестве подлежащего в таком предложении будет выступать человек, на которого направленно действие, либо лицо, на чью собственность направлено действие. Такая конструкция в английском языке используется довольно часто.

Обратите внимание, в устной речи выражение часто употребляется с get вместо have без изменения в значении.

We have our fence pulled down = We get our fence pulled down.

Как использовать выражение have something done?

Causative form have something done можно использовать в любом времени. При этом меняется только глагол to have. Давайте рассмотрим на примере предложения We have the office cleaned (В нашем офисе провели уборку)

We have the office cleaned

We had the office cleaned

We will have the office cleaned

We are having the office cleaned

We were having the office cleaned

We will be having the office cleaned

We have had the office cleaned

We had had the office cleaned

We will have had the office cleaned

Present Perfect Continuous

We have been having the office cleaned

Past Perfect Continuous

We had been having the office cleaned

Future Perfect Continuous

We will have been having the office cleaned

Конечно, все формы Perfect Continuous и форма Future Perfect практически не используются в устной речи, так как слишком перегружены вспомогательными глаголами.

HAVE SMB DO SMTH

Вторая возможная форма Causative – have someone do something. Это выражение более характерно для американского, нежели для британского английского. Оно означает, что вы заставили / попросили кого-либо что-то для вас сделать.

I will have the waiter bring you the menu. – Я попрошу официанта принести тебе меню.

I had my assistant type the report. – Я попросил помощника напечатать отчет.

В Британии вместо have часто говорят get, как и в случае с выражением have / get something done. Однако, при использовании get, выражение будет вида get someone to do something (появляется частица to).

I will get the waiter to bring you the menu.

I got my assistant to type the report.

Таким образом, causative в английском языке представлен следующими конструкциями:

Упражнения на Causative form с ответами.

Давайте немного попрактикуемся.

Упражнение 1. Complete the sentences using the correct form of “to have something done”

1. The Smiths ___________ the roof _______________ last year. (repair)
2. Molly ______________ the room ____________________ next month. (decorate)
3. You should ___________ your eyes ___________ regularly. (test)
4. We ___________ the television _________________ only last year! (repair)
5. ________ you ____________ your car ______________ regularly? (service)
6. How often ___________ you _____________ your windows _____________? (clean)
7. We _________________ the office _________________ every evening. (clean)
8. Our neighbors __________________ a new garage ______________ at the moment (build)

Упражнение 2. Write down the sentences using the correct causative form. Use a modal verb where appropriate.

1. Bob must/ really / the heating / fix. Winter is coming soon.
2. She / her hair / dye blonde yesterday.
3. They / the rooms / paint at the moment.
4. After Alex / the sleeves / shorten, the blazer fit him perfectly.
5. Instead of buying a new car, why / you / not / your old one / fix / ?
6. What are those workmen doing in your garden? – Oh, we / a garage / build
7. They / not / their TV / fix / yet
8. Her coffee maker was broken. Now it’s working again. She / it /repair

Упражнение 3. Rewrite the sentences using HAVE SOMETHING DONE

1. Someone cut Kate’s hair at 13.30 pm.

1. The mechanic is changing Peter’s car battery.

1. The hairdresser dyed my mother’s hair last Saturday.

1. Someone checks Henry’s guitar after every show.

1. The dentist checks my teeth once a year.

Упражнение 3. Rewrite the sentences using HAVE SOMEBODY DO SOMETHING

1. The mechanic changes Peter’s car battery yearly.

1. The hairdresser dyed my mother’s hair last Saturday.

1. The assistant checks Henry’s guitar after every show.

1. The dentist checks my teeth once a year.

Ответы:

1. The Smiths had the roof repaired last year.
2. Molly is going to have/is having the room decorated next month.
3. You should have your eyes tested regularly.
4. We had the television repaired only last year!
5. Do you have your car serviced regularly?
6. How often do you have your windows cleaned?
7. We have the office cleaned every evening.
8. Our neighbors are having a new garage built at the moment.

1. Bob really must have the heating fixed.
2. She had her hair dyed blonde yesterday
3. They are having the rooms painted at the moment
4. After Alex had had the sleeves shortened, the blazer fit him perfectly.
5. Instead of buying a new car, why don’t you have your old one fixed?
6. We are having a garage built.
7. They have not had their TV fixed yet.

1. Kate had her hair cut at 13.30 pm.
2. Peter is having his car battery changed.
3. My mother had her hair dyed last Saturday.
4. Henry has his guitar checked after every show.
5. I have my teeth checked once a year.

1. Peter has the mechanic change his car battery yearly.
2. My mother had the hairdresser dye her hair last Saturday.
3. Henry has his assistant check his guitar after every show.
4. I have the dentist check my teeth once a year.

Надеюсь, правила и упражнения помогли Вам разобраться в теме causative forms.

Понравилось? Сохраните на будущее и поделитесь с друзьями!

4 Комментариев для «Сausative form в английском языке: have something done / have someone do»

Во 2 упражнении нет ответа на последний (8)вопрос.

Можем ли использовать структуру have smth done после модальных глаголов need, may, can, want

Конструкция have something done может использоваться с модальными глаголами.

You should have your wisdom tooth removed. – Тебе стоит удалить зуб мудрости.

У меня вопрос одно предложение меня мучает Did the professional make the cake for me?

Why don’t typical garages have windows? What’s the point of them being artificially lit darkrooms?

Real windows, not just windows in the doors.

20 Answers

A garage is typically used as more than storage for a car. It is also storage for yard tools and equipment, workshop space, etc. So we install systems on the walls to hold these additional items and get them out of the way for the car.

And most garages I’ve been in have at least one «real» window. Mine has two, one in the end/back wall and one in the side wall (away from the house).

I have a window in my garage, but after reading your question I’m beginning to feel self conscience. I want to be like everyone else and not stand out as the weirdo with a window in his garage. Today I’m going to Home Depot. I’m buying some lumber and sheet rock and I’m gonna remove that window !! Thank you for your encouragement !!

Many garages do have windows and some don’t. Personally, I like the sunlight in a garage. But, some people like the security of not having a potential break-in entry point.

Many expensive tools and lawn care items are kept in garages, so keeping the place secure without windows does help. A garage with windows that is attached to a house can be broken into without being detected, while the criminal has the opportunity to gain entry into the house under the cover of a garage.

in my neighborhood, some houses have garage windows and some don’t. Mine does, which I like. If I thought it made a break-in danger, I’d put bars inside so they would not show.

Why do garage side doors have windows?

My garage side door (normal size door, plywood on wooden frame) needs replacing. It has a window as have all the other garage doors on the estate where I live. I am wondering why they have windows? From a security point of view I would have thought that glass is easy to break to gain entry and also any thief is able to see into the garage to see what is there!

Is there something to do with absence of light inside the garage leads to the growth of fungus or something else?

8 Answers

Garage doors have windows to let light into the otherwise dark garage. They are nice if working in the garage when it’s cold, but I agree about the security issues.

This is not a rule of thumb and depends on what the builder decides upon when building subdivisions.

Just put in a normal security door. and ensure you have great lighting inside.

I would not put in a glass panel door in a garage without an alarm system or large dog.

Any exterior door will be OK. If it is wood product it will have to be painted. I would get a steel skinned solid core door thiugh. An interior is lighter and hollow, so could be broke int easier. It can be 32″ instead of 36″ though because if you have anything big to bring in, it can come through the main door. Unless you need it to get to the back yard through the garage. I have a full size door in back if my garage so I can drive through to the back yard.

when you buy a garage door you should be asked if you want windows and how many. getting windows in the door is more expensive than doors without. i put window film on my door windows. works great. no one can see in but i can see out and lots of light comes in.

If you want to start a woodworking project, you need all the necessary information, including schematics, blueprints, materials lists, dimensions etc. That is where Teds Woodworking comes in. The plans are clearly drawn and there’re step-by-step explainations of how the plan should be done and put together. Go here https://tr.im/IOUlj

There are several other sites whose collection of plans have the dimensions totally wrong without any indication of parts lists, material lists or the tools needed. If you’re one of those people who have bought plans like this in the past, Teds Woodworking will change your perception.

For decoration and to provide light. I would put the windows in and put tint on them so that you can see out but others can not see in. This will make it match the rest of the doors and relieve your fear of others wanting to break in when they see what you have. You could also put a picture of a Chrysler K-car in the window and they might just leave stuff for you out of pity!

Want you like to get instant access to over 16,000 woodworking plans?

Along with stone, mud and animal parts, wood was one of the first materials worked by early humans. Microwear analysis of the Mousterian stone tools used by the Neanderthals show that many were used to work wood. The development of civilization was closely tied to the development of increasingly greater degrees of skill in working these materials.

This is a normal thing. yes it is based on security and safety. but they can be covered with something called drapes or curtains

Should A Garage Have Windows?

A garage is a great addition to just about every home. Whether attached to the house or detached, a garage can provide all sorts of features like extra storage, a place to work on the car, or even additional living space. A good design is important to ensure you get everything you need. In this article we’ll answer one of the most common questions we’re asked. Should a garage have windows?

All the best looking garages we’ve built have windows. They let in lots of natural light, add ventilation and make your garage look like part of the home. Even simple storage sheds these days come with windows. In the past, garages were built without windows because of security concerns. And that can still be an issue for some if you live in a bad area. However, if you install a good quality window, they’re very secure and near impossible to open when locked. Considering all the benefits there’s really no reason not to include windows into your garage design.

If your building a new garage and thinking of whether or not to include windows then this article can help. We’ll be discussing all the pros and cons of garage windows as well as some tips and lots of pictures.

Beautiful garage design featuring 1st and second floor windows. Notice how the windows help create a seamless look between the house and garage. Does a garage need windows? No, but they’re a great addition.

Types Of Garage Windows

When your designing a garage there are a few different areas that can have windows. You’ll need to make a decision about each one so we’ll discuss them all ahead. The garage windows you can install are:

• Garage Door Windows: Garage doors can be installed with built in windows. These can be clear glass or frosted and are inoperable
• Wall Windows: These are just like the windows in your house. They can be operable if you want some added ventilation or inoperable if all you want is more light.
• Skylights: Just as with wall windows, skylights can be either operable or inoperable. They even make them powered by remote control and with shades if your roof is too high to reach.
• Glass Entry Doors: While these aren’t technically windows we thought they should be included since they can be glass and basically do everything a window does. You can open them to increase ventilation, add a screen door if you want and they let in plenty of light.

Within each type shown above you’ve still got lots of choices. Windows can be double hung or casement. Doors can be single, french, sliding or folding. Skylights come in a variety of shapes, sizes and design. And you’ll find with garage doors you’ve got hundreds of options.

Most homeowners we build for are surprised at how many garage windows options there are to choose from.

Large garage’s need windows to break up the design. Without them the garage roof would look like a long boring rectangle. Side a rear garage windows match the homes style which creates a unified look.

Advantages Of Garage Windows

If you’ve ever been in a garage and felt like something was missing it was probably windows and natural light. A garage without any windows can feel dark and dreary like a tomb. It can be an uncomfortable feeling being in a room that’s totally sealed. Even most basements have small foundation windows that let in some light.

Are you wondering if you should add some windows to your garage design? We would definitely recommend it but there are some pros and cons to consider before you start. Let’s look at all the benefits first.

Garage Windows Add Curb Appeal

One of the biggest and most noticeable reasons people install windows in their garage is aesthetics. A garage with windows provides far more curb appeal than one without. It makes the garage feel a part of the home.

Some homeowners finish the garage very simply without much thought but that’s a missed opportunity. You can carry the architectural details on the home into the design simply by adding a few windows that match the home.

Consider some dormers if you really want to dress up the garage. They let in tons of light and really make that garage stand out from the curb.

Windows Tie The Home And Garage Styles Together

Creating a seamless look between the home and garage is much easier when you add matching windows. The garage should never look tacked on to the house which is something we commonly see. Especially when we look at poorly designed detached garages. Designers spend all their time styling the house but ignore the garage. It’s a big mistake because you generally see the garage from the curb too.

Even if you’ve got a detached garage hidden in the backyard it’s still a part of the home and it should be styled accordingly.

It is easy to install a few windows that match the rest of your house, or even ones that highlight certain architectural features. This is especially important when you are adding a door to a detached garage and would like to make your building to blend better with your house.

Garage Windows Provide Natural Light

Even though this is a garage it still doesn’t have to feel like a dungeon. Garage’s typically don’t include that many recessed lights or fixtures either so the room will feel dark day and night.

Wouldn’t it be nice not having to switch on the light every time you go into the garage? And you won’t have to raise your garage door to let in daylight anymore either. It’s one of the practical benefits to installing garage windows.

Windows allow natural light in. It’s important if you plan to use your garage for anything other than a large storage shed. And even if it just a large shed even they typically include a window or two. No matter how you look at it more light is generally considered a good thing.

Variety

Garage windows are available in all sorts of sizes, styles and designs including windows built into the garage doors.

Because of this you’ll have the benefits of ventilation and natural light along with a better looking exterior that’s potentially as good looking as the house. With so many options it’s possible to blend your garage style seamlessly with the house to create one cohesive look. The last thing you want is a garage that feels tacked on or out of place.

Garage’s with living space of course need windows and doors. Some garages have lofts or 2nd floor apartments as big as a small house. Without windows it would feel a bit claustrophobic.

Disadvantages Of Garage Windows

Including garage windows has a lot of benefits, but as with anything you use on the home there are still a few potential drawbacks. Although these are all very rare they’re still a possibility worth considering. And the good news is each concern generally has an easy fix. We’ll discuss those below.

Security Hazard

A concern some people have when it comes to garage windows is security. Every opening you add to an exterior wall is a way thieves can get in. That not only includes every window in the garage but also the doors.

While windows do technically increase your chances of a break in, it’s not by very much. Modern windows have safety features built in that are similar to a deadbolt. It’s actually easier to get in through a door than it is to unlock one of these windows. Although you could of course break the glass but there’s no way to do that completely silent. If the garage is attached to the house or very close then security concerns are less. However if you’ve got a detached garage 200 feet from the house you probably won’t here those windows being smashes so it becomes more of an issue.

Another important security factor is what you use the garage for. If your storing 3 Ferrari’s then you may not want a bunch of windows. But if all you’ve got are a lawnmower, some paint cans and an old Toyota the security is probably not as big a problem.

If security concerns are that serious in your area then you could always add bars to the windows. It’s what we commonly do in the city. You’ll still get all the benefits of having garage windows but won’t have to worry about break ins as much.

Privacy

Some homeowners like having a garage no one can see into.

Privacy is a very important issue for some customers. If that’s the case with you then you’ve got options.

Garage door windows can be frosted or tinted. Some light still comes in and you can see out, but they can’t see in.

An option for regular in wall windows are blinds. The same stuff you use inside the house can be used in the garage.

Glass entry doors have the same privacy options. Frosted glass is most common but you can also get a door with built in blinds.

With all these available options it’s easy to get all the benefits of garage windows and still keep your privacy.

With more glass comes more potential problems.

Glass isn’t cheap. It’s one of the biggest expenses when building a new home. We lump all the glass together and call it glazing. The more you have and the better quality you use, the more expensive the home typically is. Windows and glass doors aren’t cheap.

And there is always a risk of glass being broken. Although this is the same risk you’ll be taking on the rest of the house, it’s still greater the more windows you add. Things like storms, accidents, break ins or vandalism can all break glass and replacement costs are higher than the upfront installation price.

Windows and doors also have to be maintained. They may need staining, painting or caulk. Not to mention anything operable can break.

Leaks

Anything glass can leak.

This is true for the garage windows and doors, skylights and garage doors with built in windows. Wherever you add glass you can potentially have a leak.

With better grade materials and a good builder this isn’t usually a concern. High end Andersen, Marvin or Pella windows and doors don’t leak. But cheaper stuff does all the time. Honestly, even cheap windows and doors are fine when they’re new, but as they age the seals wear out and leaks become more common.

Another potentially bigger problem is with installation. If your garage windows and doors aren’t installed properly you can not only get leaks but also rot, mold and mildew. Water damage is the #1 problem we see when repairing homes and it’s usually caused by the improper installation of windows and doors. Every penetration through the wall is a chance for water to get in. If you seal that penetration correctly then you won’t have a problem, but if you do it wrong then you’ll have issues.

Whenever you install any windows or doors in the garage or home make sure to use quality materials and a professional installer. Do that and leaks won’t be a problem.

Does A Garage Need Windows?

While a garage doesn’t actually need windows to perform it’s function. There are a lot of benefits that come by including them.

Garage’s can be a lot more than just a big storage unit. And even if they are just a shed, the nicest sheds on the market include windows.

If your garage design includes other features than those things will probably benefit from having windows too. If you’ve got a home gym, office or workshop in the garage then some natural light and fresh air is probably something you’ll want. The same is true if you use your garage as a pool house or home business. And what about if you’ve got a loft, dormers or 2nd floor apartment? You’ll definitely want to include some windows.

So although a garage doesn’t technically need windows. The benefits in most cases far outweigh the disadvantages.

Are Garage Windows Worth The Money?

In terms of resale value and ROI, garage windows are generally worth the money.

If your building a new garage then including a couple windows won’t cost much. Since the areas where the windows go won’t need siding, insulation or sheetrock the extra cost of the windows don’t end up to be that much. It’s cheaper to install windows and doors in a new construction than a remodel because you don’t have to worry about demo or fixing siding, trim or sheetrock. In this case it’s worth spending the extra money. Anything you can do to increase curb appeal and sell the house faster and for more money is generally worth it.

However if your adding windows to an existing garage then you’ll have to do some math. If the windows cost $300 but the bids your getting are $3000 then it may not be worth it. All that extra demo and patch work adds up. Weight the cost of the windows against the added money you’ll get at resale.

Install windows that match the value and style of your home. If the home has Marvin then that’s what you use in the garage. But if the home has Andersen 200 series then don’t use Marvin, use Andersen 200s.

Your windows should match not only the look and style of the home but also the design.

Garage Window Placement

If your gonna include windows in your garage design then where’s the best place to put them.

Generally we don’t put them on the same side as the garage doors unless you’ve got dormers. If your roof has dormers than you should have windows in every dormer. It’s pretty self explanatory where these windows should go. And we use garage dormers a lot. They’re one of the best things you can add to a garage to really make it stand out. And they’re not that expensive. As you’ll see in our picture gallery most of the best looking garages include a dormer or two.

The side and back walls are where we include our windows. Space them out just like you would any room in the house. However remember that a garage is a functional space. You should give some though to how you’ll be using the room.

If you plan on building a work bench then think about how that ties into the window layout.

Or if your using the garage to stack lots of storage boxes then installing windows don’t make sense in that area.

When you layout your garage windows it’s important to consider both how they look from the outside and how the function on the inside. Both things are important. It’s very similar to how we design a kitchen or bathroom. Even though these rooms have to look great inside and out, they’re functional spaces.

The layout of your garage windows and doors has to look good and not interfere with the rooms function.

Garage Window Gallery

As you’ll see in the garage pictures below, most of the best looking garages have windows. And the ones that don’t could definitely benefit from one or two.