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Ubuntu packages

Software for Ubuntu is delivered using a range of packaging technologies — each is optimal for specific scenarios.

‘Deb’ packages are the heart of Ubuntu

The ‘deb’ package format comes from the Debian Linux distribution and is widely considered the best package format for system-level libraries and applications with rich and dynamic dependencies. We use .deb packages to create the base Ubuntu operating system and we include tens of thousands of debs for a wide range of open source applications.

Deb packages are installed without confinement — that means that a deb package has full control of your system when it is being installed, and you should only install deb packages that you trust completely with your system security. Be very careful when you are asked to add third-party deb packages manually, or additional archives or repositories of deb packages, because they will have effective control of your machine. We recommend you decline to install debs from third parties unless you have very specific reasons to do so.

Deb packaged software can include AppArmor profiles that limit their reach, which is beneficial for general system security but does not confine or limit the scripts which handle package installation and updates or removal. Debs cannot be used in the appliance-oriented Ubuntu Core.

The standard Ubuntu packages are built on a trusted infrastructure from open source. While they cannot be guaranteed to be secure, the provenance of the code and the build system ensure that they can be audited and known to work in a particular way.

Updates to debs are not managed; a problematic upgrade can leave files on your disk which cause problems later. When debs are unpacked on your system it is no longer possible to validate them precisely and efficiently, which means that compromises and intrusions on a deb based system are more difficult to identify.

‘Snap’ packages have better security and updates

Newer ‘snap’ packages are preferred for free-standing components, especially applications. They can be rigorously confined, meaning that every stage of the application installation and operation can be kept secure. A ‘strictly’ confined snap has a very specific set of features that it is allowed to use, which requires appropriate oversight by Canonical, and if that software is compromised then those safeguards should limit the impact of the vulnerability.

There are also ‘classic’ snaps, which are not confined and which are thus equivalent to third-party debs. We strongly recommend that you establish the bona-fides of any third-party classic snap publisher. Important or widely-used classic snaps should have ‘verified’ publishers in the store.

Snaps are less likely to have problems with dependencies over their lifetime because they bundle these dependencies or use standard system-provided dependencies in a standardised way. However, it is up to the publisher of the snap to ensure that issues in dependencies are addressed with newer versions of the snap because snaps are build and published directly by the upstream vendor of the software. That also means that the architectures supported by a snap are determined by the vendor, not Canonical, and the security of the build system is often up to the vendor as well. Some snaps are build on trusted infrastructure for all architectures. You can ask your vendor to follow that approach for snaps where this is important to you.

The update mechanism for snaps is highly reliable, with automatic backups of relevant data and the ability to roll back to the previous version of the update fails.

Snaps are always stored in a format which supports signature validation, meaning that intrusions are easier to detect.

Charms are packages for cloud software operations

In the cloud world, it is useful to share software operations code as much as it is useful to share the code of the applications themselves. Rather than having many different organisations code operations separately, Ubuntu enables community-based operations collaboration with a standard ‘charm’ package for operations.

Charms handle the application lifecycle — deployment, integration and configuration, upgrades, and teardown.

There are charms for both VM-based cloud operations, and Kubernetes-based cloud operations. Charms can use a range of operating systems, but most charms as Ubuntu-based, so they benefit from the standard security and familiarity of the rest of Ubuntu.

Want a fully managed private cloud?

Canonical provides a managed services option for OpenStack. Our experts take responsibility for the design, deployment and operations.

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The open source software platform that runs everywhere from the smartphone, the tablet and the PC to the server and the cloud.

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Ubuntu downloads

Ubuntu Desktop ›

Download Ubuntu desktop and replace your current operating system whether it’s Windows or macOS or run Ubuntu alongside it.

Do you want to upgrade? Follow our simple guide

Ubuntu Server ›

Whether you want to configure a simple file server or build a fifty thousand-node cloud, you can rely on Ubuntu Server and its five years of guaranteed free upgrades.

Ubuntu Cloud ›

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Ubuntu flavours ›

Ubuntu flavours offer a unique way to experience Ubuntu with different choices of default applications and settings, backed by the full Ubuntu archive for packages and updates.

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Are you a developer who wants to try snappy Ubuntu Core? The new, transactionally updated Ubuntu for clouds and devices.

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Get professional support for Ubuntu from Canonical. We help organisations around the world to manage their Ubuntu cloud, server and desktop deployments.

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Поиск пакетов в Ubuntu

Здесь представлена информация о всех пакетах, доступны в архиве пакетов Ubuntu.

Обзор списка пакетов:

• bionic (18.04LTS)
• bionic-updates
• bionic-backports
• focal (20.04LTS)
• focal-updates
• focal-backports
• groovy (20.10)
• groovy-updates
• groovy-backports
• hirsute (21.04)
• hirsute-updates
• hirsute-backports
• impish

Поиск

Поиск по каталогам пакетов

Доступны краткие поисковые запросы:

• http://packages.ubuntu.com/ имя для поиска в именах пакетов.
• http://packages.ubuntu.com/src: имя для поиска имени в пакетах исходного кода.

Поиск по содержимому пакетов

Механизм поиска позволяет искать в содержимом дистрибутивов Ubuntu любые файлы (или только части пути имени файла), которые входят в пакеты. Также вы можете получить полный список файлов заданного пакета.

Adapted for hardy release. Removed the obsolete powerpc data for hardy. I’m currently evaluation if and how I should include information about ports.ubuntu.com packages here. Since archive.ubuntu.com is currently unusable I use nl.archive.ubuntu.com as source for the data until the situation normalizes again.

The downtime today was caused by some yet undiagnosed kernel troubles after a faulty hard disk was exchanged. Sorry for any inconvenience. 2008-02-19

Switched packages.ubuntu.com to the newer codebase that also runs on packages.debian.org. The two most important changes for users are that most pages are now generated dynamically (which makes for faster updates and more flexibility) and that the search functions should be much faster now.

Still waiting for a volunteer that optimizes the used stylesheets, I myself have not much talent in this area. 2007-10-21 Add hardy. 2007-10-18 Change default release to gutsy. 2007-07-28 Drop old releases since they also got dropped from archive.ubuntu.com. 2007-04-29 Feisty is released. Pages updated accordingly. 2006-11-20

• The hard drive of the server was replaced today after it began to act up. Most stuff should be up and running again. I accidentally deleted the info about new packages though, so that will be not reliable for the next few days.
• Added edgy-backports to the homepage and the search forms

2006-10-29

• Add feisty. The changes for the edgy release were already done some days ago.

2006-10-18

• The «Bug reports» links now correctly point to Launchpad for all packages. Thanks to all the people that reported this error to me.
• I added an robots.txt to ban some people trying to mirror the site by means of wget -r . If forever reason you need to mirror the site please contact me by mail so we can do this by other means that won’t stress the server as much.

2006-06-12 Finally make dapper the default for searches and add edgy. Sorry for the delay. 2006-01-17 I hope everyone had a good start into the new year. Some small status updates:

• While looking at the log statistics I noticed that apparently packages.ubuntulinux.org also points to my server without me knowing. I fixed the apache configuration so that it now knows about that and handles it correctly.
• Linking to a CSS file on the official Ubuntu homepage was a bad idea and the page had some glitches when it disappeared. Most of the issues should be fixed by now.
• Sorry for any performance issues with the site. My little server is not always able to handle the many hits of this site (close to 2,000,000 per month). I guess I will have to search for another hosting solution in the near future.

2005-10-13 Changed all defaults to point to breezy 2005-09-28

• The contents files are updated again, so I removed any warnings and added the appropriate links back
• The «Check for bug reports» links now point to Launchpad for universe/multiverse packages. Suggested by j -at- bootlab -dot- org.
• Finally, I migrated to the «new» layout. Comments and Patches about the remaining quirks welcome.

2005-09-25 I’ve merged the new changelog to HTML conversion code from the Debian branch. I still have no idea how to handle the requests to link Ubuntu bugs to the Ubuntu BTS and Debian bugs to the Debian BTS. Suggestions welcome. 2005-08-30

• I’ve added a warning to this site about the outdated Contents files in the Ubuntu archive which make the contents search completely useless for anything after warty. I’ve actually no idea whom to ask about this since I don’t seem to be able to find out on the Ubuntu web site who is ftp-master in Ubuntu?
• You can now also browse the packages from hoary-backports

2005-06-10 I have begun to work on integrating the current Ubuntu web design with my pages. There are still some issues to work out but as a teaser I already converted the front page. Feel free to mail me with comments on how I could use the new layout better. 2005-04-14 hoary is released and now this fact is also beginning to show on this page. Please report all errors you find with the new breezy pages. 2005-04-06 The transition should be completed by now and I’ve installed some rewrite rules so that old URLs should also point to the new location. The changelog extraction script is still running so there are still some (more) broken links. Please report all other problems you might encounter. 2005-04-05 From tomorrow on this site will be available at packages.ubuntu.com. The necessary setup is done on both my side and on the side of the ubuntu people but I will use the occasion for some configuration clean-up and a full rebuild. Stay tuned 😉 2005-04-02

• On request of the MOTUs I’ve added links to the build logs for hoary packages.
• Also, the Portuguese LoCoTeam (hmm, Ubuntu teams have all very l33t names 😉 asked me how to translate the pages. Here my answer:

  At http://cvs.infodrom.org/packages.debian.org/po/?cvsroot=debian.de you can find some .pot files. Please translate them and send them back to me (You may want to take a look at the translations available at http://cvs.debian.org/webwml/portuguese/po/?cvsroot=webwml especially for files like langs.pot). This will ensure that at least the constant strings on all the pages are translated (Some of the strings in these file are only needed on packages.debian.org)

  The translations of package descriptions I took from the DDTP (Debian Descriptions Translation Project) which seems to be rather inactive lately. Unless this is fully revived or another similar project is created there is little I can do on this front.

  This page is also available in the following languages:

  Авторские права © 1997 — 2013 Canonical Ltd.; См. условия лицензии. Ubuntu это торговый знак компании Canonical Ltd. Об этом сайте.

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  📦 Как скачать пакеты с зависимостями локально в Ubuntu

  

  Некоторое время назад мы обсуждали, как устанавливать программное обеспечение в автономном режиме в Ubuntu.

  В том руководстве мы объяснили, как можно загружать пакеты в системе с подключением к Интернету и устанавливать их в автономном режиме в другой системе с медленным или отсутствующим подключением к Интернету.

  В этом руководстве мы увидим, как загружать пакеты с зависимостями локально в Ubuntu и его производных.

  Используя этот метод, мы можем загрузить пакет .DEB вместе со всеми необходимыми зависимостями, фактически не устанавливая его.

  Таким образом, мы можем загрузить пакеты из одной системы и установить их позже в той же самой системе или любой другой системе, которая не имеет подключения к Интернету.

  Мы также можем скачать пакеты для разных архитектур.

  Например, можно загрузить 32-битные пакеты из 64-битной системы и наоборот.

  Хорошо, давайте начнем, не так ли?

  Скачиваем пакеты с зависимостями локально в Ubuntu

  Мы можем сделать это двумя способами.

  Я проверил это руководство на настольных версиях Ubuntu 16.04 и 18.04 LTS.

  Все работало просто отлично.

  Способ 1:

  Это самый простой метод.

  Чтобы скачать пакет со всеми зависимостями, не устанавливая их, просто запустите:

  Как вы видите в приведенном выше выводе, мы скачали пакет Vim со всеми зависимостями, но фактически не установили его.

  

  Все загруженные файлы будут сохранены в каталоге /var/cache/apt/archives.

  Это проще, чем вы думали, не так ли?

  Однако этот метод работает только в том случае, если в системе, используемой для загрузки пакетов, не установлен основной пакет или его зависимости, установленные локально.

  В таких случаях используйте «apt-rdepends» для получения всех пакетов.

  Если apt-rdepends еще не установлен, установите его с помощью команды:

  Эта команда рекурсивно загрузит все необходимые пакеты.

  На всякий случай, если вы столкнулись с ошибкой, как показано ниже:

  Попробуйте эту команду вместо предыдущей:

  Эта команда загрузит Vim со всеми необходимыми пакетами и сохранит их в текущем рабочем каталоге.

  Чтобы установить все загруженные пакеты, запустите:

  Способ 2:

  Сначала загрузите зависимости пакета, который вы хотите загрузить.

  Чтобы отобразить список всех зависимостей пакета, например, Python, выполните:

  Давайте загрузим пакет python с его зависимостями на наш локальный диск.

  Перейти в каталог:

  А затем запустите:

  Приведенная выше команда загрузит пакет Python вместе со всеми необходимыми зависимостями и сохранит их в текущем рабочем каталоге.

  Эта команда также сохранит все ошибки в файле errors.txt.

  Давайте посмотрим загруженные файлы командой “ls”:

  Пример вывода:
  

  Как видно из вышеприведенного вывода, пакет python со всеми его зависимостями был загружен.

  Просто скопируйте их на USB-накопитель и установите пакеты python в любой автономной системе, как показано ниже.

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