How to run mac programs on linux

How to run Mac Apps on Linux

Looking for a way to install and run your Mac apps on your Linux box? There are two possibilities here. Read on to discover them.

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One downside of moving to Linux is that you miss some programs from your previous operating system. You sometimes wish they would run on your *nix box.

This is not much of a problem for Windows apps anymore, but what about Mac apps? Can you run them on Linux, and how easy is that?

The answer is: Yes, you can. There are two methods of running Mac apps in Linux and they are:

A. By using the Darling emulator
B. By using a virtual machine

Table of Contents

Using the Darling Emulator

The Darling emulator aims to make using Mac apps on Linux as easy as Wine made using Windows apps. Darling is currently in the early stages of development though, so there is still a long way to go.

Its major limitation is that you can only use it to run command-line programs at the moment. So, if you are planning on running a GUI (Graphic User Interface) app, then you must either wait for when and if, Darling supports GUI apps or use option 2 of this guide, which is guaranteed to work.

There are two parts of the Darling package and you need to download and install both to make it work. One is the emulator itself, while the other is the kernel module.

Following is a step by step guide for installing Darling on Ubuntu 18.04. It uses the gdebi command, which automatically satisfies and installs all the package dependencies for you.

Step 1: Download both the darling and darling-dkms files from https://github.com/darlinghq/darling/releases

Step 2: Hit Ctrl + T to open a terminal

Step 3: cd to your downloads directory and enter the following command to install the kernel module. Answer yes to its prompt by typing ‘y’

sudo gdebi darling-dkms_0.1.20200331.testing_amd64.deb

Step 4: Then install darling using the following command:

sudo gdebi darling_0.1.20200331.testing_amd64.deb

Step 5: Once the installation is complete, you can now start the emulator with the following command:

You can then check to confirm that it is not a Bash shell by typing the uname command, to which it should print ‘Darwin’ and not ‘Linux’.

How to run Mac Apps on Linux using a Virtual Machine

You can also run Mac apps on a virtual machine such as Virtualbox, Vmware, or KVM. The caveat, however, is that you need to install the Mac operating system first, before installing the app on it. Apple also frowns on installing its Mac operating system on hardware that is not Apple Mac.

This means that you cannot download Mac OS without having a Mac computer. And although you could decide to download it from the internet, you cannot be sure of the integrity of the file you are downloading. Some people make a living from uploading malware-infected software and you could fall victim.

On the other hand, Macos-virtualbox is a promising Bash script, which downloads the files directly from Apple servers and creates a virtual machine for you. This guarantees you are using only genuine Apple software.

Another route is to borrow a Mac from a friend and use it to download an updated Mac version, which you can then turn into an ISO installation file.

Here is how to go about all 3 methods:

Method 1: Use Macos-virtualbox

Head over to GitHub and download the package. Also try and read the documentation to get a better understanding of how it works.

Open a terminal, then unzip and run the script using the following commands:

It will take you through the entire process of downloading the software and creating the virtual machine. All you need is to sit patiently and hit the “Enter” button when prompted.

But if for some reason it does not work, then you can try out these other methods.

Method 2: Download from the internet

Step 1: You will have to find your own file from the web because Apple frowns on the distribution of Mac OS on devices other than the Mac computer. The next steps assume that you downloaded a virtual machine (vmdk) file.

Step 2: Install VirtualBox or any other virtualization software of choice. For VirtualBox, use the command below to install the package with all its extra additions at a go:

sudo apt install virtualbox virtualbox-dkms virtualbox-ext-pack virtualbox-guest-additions-iso virtualbox-guest-utils virtualbox-qt

Step 3: Start VirtualBox and create a new virtual machine, using the vmdk file you downloaded.

Step 4: Give it about 4G of RAM or more, 128 MB of graphics, and 2 CPU cores. Avoid spaces in your virtual machine name. You can give it something like “MyMacOS”.

Step 5: This is important. Quit VirtualBox first. Then download this shell script

Step 6: cd (Change Directory) to the directory you downloaded the script into and execute it, like this:

./setup.sh -v “MyMacOS” -r 1920×1080

Where MyMacOS is the name you gave your virtual machine and 1920×1080 is your full-screen resolution or the resolution you want to give the virtual machine.

Step 7: Launch VirtualBox again and start your new Mac OS virtual machine.

Method 3: Download from a borrowed Mac

If you have access to a real Mac computer that’s older than the Mac High Sierra, then you can use the steps below to also create a Mac virtual machine on your Linux box:

Step 1: Gain physical access to a Mac computer. It could be yours or you can borrow it from a friend. Just make sure it has internet access and you are good to go.

Step 2: Head for the Mac Store and search for High Sierra. Click Download.

Step 3: When it finishes and tries to start the installation, hit Ctrl + Q to exit.

Step 4: Open a terminal from Applications > Utilities and enter the following commands:

hdiutil create -o /tmp/HighSierra.cdr -size 7316m -layout SPUD -fs HFS+J

hdiutil attach /tmp/HighSierra.cdr.dmg -noverify -nobrowse -mountpoint /Volumes/install_build

asr restore -source /Applications/Install\ macOS\ High\ Sierra.app/Contents/SharedSupport/BaseSystem.dmg -target /Volumes/install_build -noprompt -noverify -erase

hdiutil detach /Volumes/OS\ X\ Base\ System

hdiutil convert /tmp/HighSierra.cdr.dmg -format UDTO -o /tmp/HighSierra.iso

That’s it. You now have a bootable ISO file on the desktop that you can install on your Virtual machine. Copy it into a thumb drive and move over to your Linux box to begin the installation.

Conclusion

You have seen the different methods out there to run Mac apps on Linux, despite Apple’s efforts to the contrary.

The Darling Emulator is best for little shell programs. Else, if you need to run a more serious GUI program use a Virtual machine.

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How to Run Mac Apps on Linux

macOS and Linux share a common heritage. Unfortunately, that does not mean applications can smoothly transition between the operating systems. To run Mac apps on Linux, you’ll need some sort of virtual machine or translation layer.

Run a macOS Virtual Machine (All Apps)

The most reliable way to run Mac apps on Linux is through a virtual machine. With a free, open-source hypervisor application like VirtualBox, you can run macOS on a virtual device on your Linux machine. A properly-installed virtualized macOS environment will run all macOS apps without issue.

Virtualizing a desktop like this does require significant RAM, so it may not run smoothly on low-resource devices. For machines with the technical specs, virtualizing an operating systems through a VirtualBox virtual machine is the best option.

Using the Darling Translation Layer (CLI Only)

You can also run a translation layer called Darling. This works like WINE, which creates a Windows-to-Linux translation environment that allows you to run some Windows applications on Linux systems. Darling tries to accomplish the same goal between macOS and Linux. Because macOS and Linux both share the same UNIX-style base, Darling is less resource-intensive than WINE, producing better results in more circumstances.

For the time being, Darling can only work with very simple GUI apps and several command-line apps. While GUI app support is a goal for the project, the feature hasn’t yet been implemented. Basically, you can run a macOS shell in Terminal reliably and may or may not be able to run other apps effectively.

It also contains an enormous amount of code, requiring about 12 gigabytes of disk space after building. It’s essentially duplicating the functionality of the macOS operating system. So, if you worry about remote executables corrupting your system, you might want to avoid a package of this size.

Building and Installing Darling

1. Follow the installation instructions to download the correct dependencies for your Linux distro from the Darling Install page. Depending on your distro, you may need to run a lengthy command.

For example, for Ubuntu, run the following Terminal command to download Darling’s dependencies:

2. Clone Darling’s git depository to your local machine:

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6 Best ways to run Windows programs on Linux or MacOS

We always desire to run Windows programs on Linux operating systems such as Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Fedora and more. It is because of a wide range of Windows applications that are not available for Linux Distros. It is another reason why people refrain themselves to switch from Windows to Linux OS.

Although there are so many alternative programs of Windows applications with identical functionality available for Linux such GIMP as an alternative to Photoshop, still, there are quite a lot of old & new-fashioned Windows applications with no open source alternatives.

However, if you are not a big fan of Windows OS and want to learn Linux curves without compromising or giving up your crucial Windows applications then there are few best ways to run Windows applications on Linux, which is obviously a thing a Linux operating system user should know about.

Trivia: One thing is to be noted that recently, the Microsoft has announced that they are about to integrate full-blown Linux kernel to Windows 10 which means in future you don’t need to be switched to Linux from Windows 10 for learning the Linux apps or commands. However, for Windows 7, it still would not be possible.

How to Run Windows EXE files on Linux such as Ubuntu

Wine for Linux

WineHQ is the best way to run Windows programs on Linux operating systems. It a cross-platform application which is available for Linux (Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora, OpenSUSE, Slackware), MacOS, FreeBSD and Android OS. Wine is an acronym that stands for Wine Is Not an Emulator, in lieu of being an emulator, it is a free and open-source compatibility layer that uses API conversion technology layer to runs Windows applications on a variety of POSIX-compliant operating systems such as Linux, Mac OSX, and BSD.

As said, it uses API conversion technology, thus, it makes a Linux-compatible function corresponding to Windows to call a DLL to run a Windows program. Wine release is completely open source and is distributed free of charge. (Based on LGPL release: GNU Wide General Public License). What we think that the true meaning of Wine should be the abbreviation of Windows Environment- WinE.

Well! now we know that Wine is not a Windows emulator so, it doesn’t run any kind of virtual machine or emulator to run Windows application which makes it more efficient and gives good integration capability with Linux OS.

Wine fully supports binary loading of Windows executables (.exe and DLL). Wine has a very robust and powerful built-in debugger that, in addition to supporting standard debugging features, is also customizable for debugging Windows binaries running on Linux. It is one of the best tools to run Windows software indeed, there are a lot of uncertainties when installing and running Windows applications in Wine, and sooner or later. So, there is no surety that all Windows applications will work on Linux using Wine, few glitches in some high-end applications are always there.

You can run MS-office, Final Fantasy X, Adobe Photoshop CS6, Battlefield (game), Media Monkey player and several other games and programs. Here is the Link to see Windows application compatible database to Wine for Linux.

Download WineHQ for Linux

Play on Linux

Playonlinux is a nice alternative to WineHQ for Linux to run Windows apps on Linux. It is also free and open source program, thus, we don’t need to buy any kind of license to use Play on Linux. There are numerous apps and games of Windows that are supported by it.

To run windows program it uses a Wine compatibility layer and provides a graphical user interface at the front for user convenience. PlayonLinux has been written in Python language and it provides wrapper shell scripts to specify the configuration of Wine for any particular software.

Apart from Linux, it can be used on MacOS and FreeBSD to run programs like Adobe Acrobat Reader DC, Microsoft Office 2016, Age Of Empires III, Assassin’s Creed Revelations and more. However, there is no surety that it will run the one too which you want to be on Linux. Thus, see the complete PlayOn Linux Windows app supported list- here.

Besides PlayonLinux, it also offers PlayonMac to run windows apps on MacOS.

Crossover for Linux, MacOS & ChromeOS

Crossover is a best alternative to WineHQ and PlayOnLinux to run Windows app on Linux, MacOS and ChromeOS. However, unfortunately, it is not an open source program and users have to shell out some to use it. The crossover developed by CodeWeavers under a proprietary license to make Linux and Mac OS X operating systems Windows program compatible.

Crossover is an x86 compatible PC system software that requires at least 200 MB of free disk space for its own installation and space for installing Windows applications. It officially supports Ubuntu, Mint, Fedora, Debian and Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) Linux operating systems.

Besides Linux, you can download it from Google Play store on your ChromeOS running Notebook.

With CrossOver Mac, we can launch Windows applications directly from the dock, seamlessly integrate with your Mac and Linux system functions for cross-platform copy-and-paste and file interworking.

Well! being a paid software its support to run windows programs on Linux or MacOS will also be good. One year license cost of Crossover is $15.95 USD.

It easily installs and runs some Windows software some of them are: Microsoft office 2016, Enterprise Architect, World Warcraft, Adobe Dreamweaver, Adobe Photoshop 7.0/CS4, and more. See the Crossover Windows application compatibility Database.

No doubt, the CrossOver is really a strong contender in this list, however, still, if you are looking for CrossOver free & best alternative then Wine and PlayOnLinux always come in mind, first.

Download free trial of 14 days of CrossOver.

Few other important apps need to know for running Windows apps on Linux or MacOS

Q4Wine- Qt GUI for Wine

Q4Wine is a Qt GUI for the Wine compatibility layer. Means the work of this tool is to provide an easy to use graphical user interface to manage Wine prefixes and its installed applications. Q4Wine is available for on Linux, FreeBSD and OS X platforms.

It features Qt colour theme into wine colours settings; work with different wine versions at the same time; control wine process; Autostart icons support; extract icons from PE files (.exe .dll); and more…

Wineskin for Mac

Wineskin is a tool to run Windows programs but only for Mac OS X. It is a porting tool that ports Windows application to normal Mac apps and works as a wrapper around the Windows software. It is free to use and currently works on OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard, OS X 10.7 Lion, OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion, OS X 10.9 Mavericks and OS X 10.10 Yosemite.

Winebottler

Winebottler is another tool that dedicated to run Windows-based programs on MacOS only. It builds using the open source tool Wine and it works as packager which ports the Windows application by packaging them to MacOS compatible. For example, some audio player is only meant for Windows, then you can use WineBottler to pack it for MacOS.

It is a very handy tool which with one click uses a script to configure, download and install Windows EXE app for MacOS. However, it is true for each and every application, as every software has its own shortcomings.

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