Installing linux headers centos

Как установить заголовочные файлы ядра в Linux

Когда вы компилируете драйвер устройства как модуль ядра, вам необходимы установленные заголовочные файлы ядра. Также они требуются, если вы собираете пользовательское приложение, которое взаимодействует напрямую с ядром. При установке заголовочных файлов ядра, необходимо убедиться, что их версия совпадает с версией ядра установленного в системе.

Если версия вашего ядра не менялась после установки дистрибутива, или вы обновляли его с использованием системного менеджера пакетов (то есть apt-get, aptitude или yum) из системных репозиториев, то заголовочные файлы вы также можете установить с помощью пакетного менеджера. Однако если вы скачивали исходный код ядра и компилировали его самостоятельно, то заголовочные файлы необходимо устанавливать с помощью команды make.

Здесь мы предполагаем, что ваше ядро установлено из основного системного репозитория вашего дистрибутива, и вы хотите установить соответствующие заголовочные файлы ядра.

Установка заголовочных файлов ядра в Debian, Ubuntu или Linux Mint

Если вы не компилировали ядро вручную, то можете установить соответствующие заголовочные файлы ядра с помощью команды apt-get.
Сначала проверьте, не установлены ли уже требуемые заголовочные файлы с помощью команды:

Теперь установите заголовочные файлы, как показано ниже.

Проверьте, что установка прошла успешно.

По умолчанию в Debian, Ubuntu или Linux Mint заголовочные файлы находятся в /usr/src.

Установка заголовочных файлов ядра в Fedora, CentOS или RHEL

Если вы не обновляли ядро вручную, то можете установить соответствующие заголовочные файлы ядра с помощью команды yum.
Сначала проверьте, не установлены ли уже требуемые заголовочные файлы. По умолчанию заголовочные файлы ядра расположены в /usr/src/kernels/.
Если подходящих заголовочных файлов не установлено, вы можете установить их с помощью команды yum. Она автоматически найдет подходящий пакет.

Если заголовочные файлы ядра, установленные с помощью вышеприведенной команды, не соответствуют установленному в системе ядре, значит оно устарело. В этом случае обновите ядро системы до последней версии с помощью приведенной ниже команды. После обновления необходимо перезагрузить систему.

Теперь проверьте, что установлены заголовочные файлы соответствующей версии с помощью команды:

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How to Install Kernel Headers in CentOS 7

When you compile a custom kernel module such as a device driver on a CentOS system, you need to have kernel header files installed on the system, which include the C header files for the Linux kernel. Kernel header files provide different kinds of function and structure definitions required when installing or compiling any code that interfaces with the kernel.

When you install Kernel Headers, make sure it matches with the currently installed kernel version on the system. If your Kernel version comes with the default distribution installation or you have upgraded your Kernel using yum package manager from system base repositories, then you must install matching kernel headers using package manager only. If you’ve compiled Kernel from sources, you can install kernel headers from sources only.

In this article, we will explain how to install Kernel Headers in CentOS/RHEL 7 and Fedora distributions using default package manager.

Install Kernel Headers in CentOS 7

First confirm that the matching kernel headers are already installed under /usr/src/kernels/ location on your system using following commands.

Check Kernel Headers in CentOS 7

If no matching kernel headers are located in the /usr/src/kernels/ directory, go ahead and install kernel headers, which is provided by the kernel-devel package that can be installed using default package manager as shown.

Install Kernel Headers in CentOS 7

After installing the kernel-devel package, you can find all the kernel headers files in /usr/src/kernels directory using following command.

Note on a VPS (for instance a Linode VPS), a kernel may have a customized version name, in such scenario, you have to identify the kernel version manually and check the installed kernel header files using following commands.

Check Kernel Version in CentOS 7

Sample Output

In addition, if you need header files for the Linux kernel for use by glibc, install the kernel-header package using following command.

Now you are good to go with compiling your own or existing kernel modules for software such as VirtualBox and many more.

That’s it! In this article, we have explained how to install kernel-devel and kernel-header packages in CentOS/RHEL 7 and Fedora systems. Remember that before you can compile kernel modules such as device driver on a Linux system, you should have necessary kernel header files installed. If you have queries, please use the comment form below to reach us.

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CentOS Linux install kernel headers to build vmware / 3rd party modules

Q . I’ve CentOS 5 installed under vmware. When I run following command:
vmware-config-tools.pl
or
vmware-config.pl

It asks about Linux kernel headers to build custom headers.

How do I fix this problem?

A . You don’t have development package for building kernel modules to match the kernel. It is required to build 3rd party modules such as vmware or graphics card drivers.

There is a package called kernel-devel. This package provides kernel headers and makefiles sufficient to build modules against the kernel package.

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Login as the root, and use yum command to install the same:
# yum install kernel-devel

Now you should able to build kernel modules.

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How To Install ncurses Library on a Linux

I need to compile an application with ncurses library and header files. How do I install install ncurses libs and header files on a Linux operating system? How do I write a simple hello world program using the ncurses and compile it on a Linux?

GNU ncurses is software API for controlling writing to the console screen under Unix, Linux and other operating systems. You can create text-based user interfaces (TUI) on a Linux or Unix-like system using ncurses library. [donotprint]

Tutorial details
Difficulty level	Easy
Root privileges	Yes
Requirements	None
Est. reading time	5m

[/donotprint]

Installing the ncurses library in Debian/Ubuntu Linux

1. You need to install the following two packages:
   libncurses5-dev : Developer’s libraries for ncurses
   libncursesw5-dev : Developer’s libraries for ncursesw
2. Open the Terminal application.
3. Type the following apt-get command to install ncurses header and libs:
   sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev

Fig.01: Install ncurses library using apt-get

Installing the ncurses library in CentOS/RHEL/Scientific Linux 6.x/7.x+ and Fedora Linux 21 or older

1. You need to install the following package:
   ncurses-devel : Developer’s libraries for ncurses
2. Open the Terminal application.
3. Type the following yum command to install ncurses header and libs:
   sudo yum install ncurses-devel

Fig.02: Install ncurses library using yum

Installing the ncurses library in Fedora Linux 22.x+

1. You need to install the following package:
   ncurses-devel : Developer’s libraries for ncurses
2. Open the Terminal application.
3. Type the following dnf command to install ncurses header and libs:
   sudo dnf install ncurses-devel

How do compile C program and use the ncurses library?

Create a test program called hello.c as follows:

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First, make sure you install GNU/GCC C compiler on a Linux:

To link to the ncurses library pass the -lncurses option to gcc/cc command:
$ cc -o output input.c -lncurses
$ cc -o hello hello.c -lncurses
Run it:
$ ./hello
Sample outputs:

Here is another program:

Compile and run it as follows:
$ cc -o curwin1 curwin1.c -lncurses
$ ./curwin1
Sample outputs:

Fig.03: Basic window operations in action using ncurses

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One of the very earliest O’Reilly books was gloriously entitled “Programming with curses”.

As if there was any other way………………………

I have some problem about installing ncurses library on ubuntu 14.04 ,
i am trying this below two command but no result…
1. sudo apt-get install ncurses-dev
2. sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev libncursecw5-dev
please help me

I could not get this to work on Ubuntu 15. A terminal window pops up, but it’s just a terminal window. Nothing like what the tutorial suggests it should look like. I can’t do anything in the terminal, just ctrl+c to kill it.

after
mvwin(childwin, y, x);
put
wrefresh(childwin);

when i type , sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev, it said couldnt find package libncurses5-dev…how to solve?

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