Istioctl install mac os

Install with Istioctl

Follow this guide to install and configure an Istio mesh for in-depth evaluation or production use. If you are new to Istio, and just want to try it out, follow the quick start instructions instead.

This installation guide uses the istioctl command line tool to provide rich customization of the Istio control plane and of the sidecars for the Istio data plane. It has user input validation to help prevent installation errors and customization options to override any aspect of the configuration.

Using these instructions, you can select any one of Istio’s built-in configuration profiles and then further customize the configuration for your specific needs.

The istioctl command supports the full IstioOperator API via command-line options for individual settings or for passing a yaml file containing an IstioOperator custom resource (CR) .

Prerequisites

Before you begin, check the following prerequisites:

Install Istio using the default profile

The simplest option is to install the default Istio configuration profile using the following command:

This command installs the default profile on the cluster defined by your Kubernetes configuration. The default profile is a good starting point for establishing a production environment, unlike the larger demo profile that is intended for evaluating a broad set of Istio features.

Various settings can be configured to modify the installations. For example, to enable access logs:

Many of the examples on this page and elsewhere in the documentation are written using —set to modify installation parameters, rather than passing a configuration file with -f . This is done to make the examples more compact. The two methods are equivalent, but -f is strongly recommended for production. The above command would be written as follows using -f :

Install from external charts

By default, istioctl uses compiled-in charts to generate the install manifest. These charts are released together with istioctl for auditing and customization purposes and can be found in the release tar in the manifests directory. istioctl can also use external charts rather than the compiled-in ones. To select external charts, set the manifests flag to a local file system path:

If using the istioctl 1.11.3 binary, this command will result in the same installation as istioctl install alone, because it points to the same charts as the compiled-in ones. Other than for experimenting with or testing new features, we recommend using the compiled-in charts rather than external ones to ensure compatibility of the istioctl binary with the charts.

Install a different profile

Other Istio configuration profiles can be installed in a cluster by passing the profile name on the command line. For example, the following command can be used to install the demo profile:

Check what’s installed

The istioctl command saves the IstioOperator CR that was used to install Istio in a copy of the CR named installed-state . Instead of inspecting the deployments, pods, services and other resources that were installed by Istio, for example:

You can inspect the installed-state CR, to see what is installed in the cluster, as well as all custom settings. For example, dump its content into a YAML file using the following command:

The installed-state CR is also used to perform checks in some istioctl commands and should therefore not be removed.

Display the list of available profiles

You can display the names of Istio configuration profiles that are accessible to istioctl by using this command:

Display the configuration of a profile

You can view the configuration settings of a profile. For example, to view the setting for the demo profile run the following command:

To view a subset of the entire configuration, you can use the —config-path flag, which selects only the portion of the configuration under the given path:

Show differences in profiles

The profile diff sub-command can be used to show the differences between profiles, which is useful for checking the effects of customizations before applying changes to a cluster.

You can show differences between the default and demo profiles using these commands:

Generate a manifest before installation

You can generate the manifest before installing Istio using the manifest generate sub-command. For example, use the following command to generate a manifest for the default profile:

The generated manifest can be used to inspect what exactly is installed as well as to track changes to the manifest over time. While the IstioOperator CR represents the full user configuration and is sufficient for tracking it, the output from manifest generate also captures possible changes in the underlying charts and therefore can be used to track the actual installed resources.

The output from manifest generate can also be used to install Istio using kubectl apply or equivalent. However, these alternative installation methods may not apply the resources with the same sequencing of dependencies as istioctl install and are not tested in an Istio release.

If attempting to install and manage Istio using istioctl manifest generate , please note the following caveats:

The Istio namespace ( istio-system by default) must be created manually.

While istioctl install will automatically detect environment specific settings from your Kubernetes context, manifest generate cannot as it runs offline, which may lead to unexpected results. In particular, you must ensure that you follow these steps if your Kubernetes environment does not support third party service account tokens.

kubectl apply of the generated manifest may show transient errors due to resources not being available in the cluster in the correct order.

istioctl install automatically prunes any resources that should be removed when the configuration changes (e.g. if you remove a gateway). This does not happen when you use istio manifest generate with kubectl and these resources must be removed manually.

Show differences in manifests

You can show the differences in the generated manifests in a YAML style diff between the default profile and a customized install using these commands:

Verify a successful installation

You can check if the Istio installation succeeded using the verify-install command which compares the installation on your cluster to a manifest you specify.

If you didn’t generate your manifest prior to deployment, run the following command to generate it now:

Then run the following verify-install command to see if the installation was successful:

See Customizing the installation configuration for additional information on customizing the install.

Uninstall Istio

To completely uninstall Istio from a cluster, run the following command:

Alternatively, to remove only a specific Istio control plane, run the following command:

The control plane namespace (e.g., istio-system ) is not removed by default. If no longer needed, use the following command to remove it:

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Install with Istioctl

Follow this guide to install and configure an Istio mesh for in-depth evaluation or production use. If you are new to Istio, and just want to try it out, follow the quick start instructions instead.

This installation guide uses the istioctl command line tool to provide rich customization of the Istio control plane and of the sidecars for the Istio data plane. It has user input validation to help prevent installation errors and customization options to override any aspect of the configuration.

Using these instructions, you can select any one of Istio’s built-in configuration profiles and then further customize the configuration for your specific needs.

The istioctl command supports the full IstioOperator API via command-line options for individual settings or for passing a yaml file containing an IstioOperator custom resource (CR) .

Prerequisites

Before you begin, check the following prerequisites:

Install Istio using the default profile

The simplest option is to install the default Istio configuration profile using the following command:

This command installs the default profile on the cluster defined by your Kubernetes configuration. The default profile is a good starting point for establishing a production environment, unlike the larger demo profile that is intended for evaluating a broad set of Istio features.

Various settings can be configured to modify the installations. For example, to enable access logs:

Many of the examples on this page and elsewhere in the documentation are written using —set to modify installation parameters, rather than passing a configuration file with -f . This is done to make the examples more compact. The two methods are equivalent, but -f is strongly recommended for production. The above command would be written as follows using -f :

Install from external charts

By default, istioctl uses compiled-in charts to generate the install manifest. These charts are released together with istioctl for auditing and customization purposes and can be found in the release tar in the manifests directory. istioctl can also use external charts rather than the compiled-in ones. To select external charts, set the manifests flag to a local file system path:

If using the istioctl 1.8.3 binary, this command will result in the same installation as istioctl install alone, because it points to the same charts as the compiled-in ones. Other than for experimenting with or testing new features, we recommend using the compiled-in charts rather than external ones to ensure compatibility of the istioctl binary with the charts.

Install a different profile

Other Istio configuration profiles can be installed in a cluster by passing the profile name on the command line. For example, the following command can be used to install the demo profile:

Check what’s installed

The istioctl command saves the IstioOperator CR that was used to install Istio in a copy of the CR named installed-state . Instead of inspecting the deployments, pods, services and other resources that were installed by Istio, for example:

You can inspect the installed-state CR, to see what is installed in the cluster, as well as all custom settings. For example, dump its content into a YAML file using the following command:

The installed-state CR is also used to perform checks in some istioctl commands and should therefore not be removed.

Display the list of available profiles

You can display the names of Istio configuration profiles that are accessible to istioctl by using this command:

Display the configuration of a profile

You can view the configuration settings of a profile. For example, to view the setting for the demo profile run the following command:

To view a subset of the entire configuration, you can use the —config-path flag, which selects only the portion of the configuration under the given path:

Show differences in profiles

The profile diff sub-command can be used to show the differences between profiles, which is useful for checking the effects of customizations before applying changes to a cluster.

You can show differences between the default and demo profiles using these commands:

Generate a manifest before installation

You can generate the manifest before installing Istio using the manifest generate sub-command. For example, use the following command to generate a manifest for the default profile:

The generated manifest can be used to inspect what exactly is installed as well as to track changes to the manifest over time. While the IstioOperator CR represents the full user configuration and is sufficient for tracking it, the output from manifest generate also captures possible changes in the underlying charts and therefore can be used to track the actual installed resources.

The output from manifest generate can also be used to install Istio using kubectl apply or equivalent. However, these alternative installation methods may not apply the resources with the same sequencing of dependencies as istioctl install and are not tested in an Istio release.

If attempting to install and manage Istio using istioctl manifest generate , please note the following caveats:

The Istio namespace ( istio-system by default) must be created manually.

While istioctl install will automatically detect environment specific settings from your Kubernetes context, manifest generate cannot as it runs offline, which may lead to unexpected results. In particular, you must ensure that you follow these steps if your Kubernetes environment does not support third party service account tokens.

kubectl apply of the generated manifest may show transient errors due to resources not being available in the cluster in the correct order.

istioctl install automatically prunes any resources that should be removed when the configuration changes (e.g. if you remove a gateway). This does not happen when you use istio manifest generate with kubectl and these resources must be removed manually.

Show differences in manifests

You can show the differences in the generated manifests in a YAML style diff between the default profile and a customized install using these commands:

Verify a successful installation

You can check if the Istio installation succeeded using the verify-install command which compares the installation on your cluster to a manifest you specify.

If you didn’t generate your manifest prior to deployment, run the following command to generate it now:

Then run the following verify-install command to see if the installation was successful:

Customizing the configuration

In addition to installing any of Istio’s built-in configuration profiles, istioctl install provides a complete API for customizing the configuration.

The configuration parameters in this API can be set individually using —set options on the command line. For example, to enable debug logging in a default configuration profile, use this command:

Alternatively, the IstioOperator configuration can be specified in a YAML file and passed to istioctl using the -f option:

For backwards compatibility, the previous Helm installation options, with the exception of Kubernetes resource settings, are also fully supported. To set them on the command line, prepend the option name with “ values. ”. For example, the following command overrides the pilot.traceSampling Helm configuration option:

Helm values can also be set in an IstioOperator CR (YAML file) as described in Customize Istio settings using the Helm API, below.

If you want to set Kubernetes resource settings, use the IstioOperator API as described in Customize Kubernetes settings.

Identify an Istio component

The IstioOperator API defines components as shown in the table below:

Components
base
pilot
ingressGateways
egressGateways
cni
istiodRemote

The configurable settings for each of these components are available in the API under components. . For example, to use the API to change (to false) the enabled setting for the pilot component, use —set components.pilot.enabled=false or set it in an IstioOperator resource like this:

All of the components also share a common API for changing Kubernetes-specific settings, under components. .k8s , as described in the following section.

Customize Kubernetes settings

The IstioOperator API allows each component’s Kubernetes settings to be customized in a consistent way.

Each component has a KubernetesResourceSpec , which allows the following settings to be changed. Use this list to identify the setting to customize:

All of these Kubernetes settings use the Kubernetes API definitions, so Kubernetes documentation can be used for reference.

The following example overlay file adjusts the resources and horizontal pod autoscaling settings for Pilot:

Use istioctl install to apply the modified settings to the cluster:

Customize Istio settings using the Helm API

The IstioOperator API includes a pass-through interface to the Helm API using the values field.

The following YAML file configures global and Pilot settings through the Helm API:

Some parameters will temporarily exist in both the Helm and IstioOperator APIs, including Kubernetes resources, namespaces and enablement settings. The Istio community recommends using the IstioOperator API as it is more consistent, is validated, and follows the community graduation process.

Configure gateways

Gateways are a special type of component, since multiple ingress and egress gateways can be defined. In the IstioOperator API, gateways are defined as a list type. The default profile installs one ingress gateway, called istio-ingressgateway . You can inspect the default values for this gateway:

These commands show both the IstioOperator and Helm settings for the gateway, which are used together to define the generated gateway resources. The built-in gateways can be customized just like any other component.

A new user gateway can be created by adding a new list entry:

Note that Helm values ( spec.values.gateways.istio-ingressgateway/egressgateway ) are shared by all ingress/egress gateways. If these must be customized per gateway, it is recommended to use a separate IstioOperator CR to generate a manifest for the user gateways, separate from the main Istio installation:

Advanced install customization

Customizing external charts and profiles

The istioctl install , manifest generate and profile commands can use any of the following sources for charts and profiles:

• compiled in charts. This is the default if no —manifests option is set. The compiled in charts are the same as those in the manifests/ directory of the Istio release .tgz .
• charts in the local file system, e.g., istioctl install —manifests istio-1.8.3/manifests
• charts in GitHub, e.g., istioctl install —manifests https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/download/1.8.3/istio-1.8.3-linux-arm64.tar.gz

Local file system charts and profiles can be customized by editing the files in manifests/ . For extensive changes, we recommend making a copy of the manifests directory and make changes there. Note, however, that the content layout in the manifests directory must be preserved.

Profiles, found under manifests/profiles/ , can be edited and new ones added by creating new files with the desired profile name and a .yaml extension. istioctl scans the profiles subdirectory and all profiles found there can be referenced by name in the IstioOperatorSpec profile field. Built-in profiles are overlaid on the default profile YAML before user overlays are applied. For example, you can create a new profile file called custom1.yaml which customizes some settings from the default profile, and then apply a user overlay file on top of that:

In this case, the custom1.yaml and user-overlay.yaml files will be overlaid on the default.yaml file to obtain the final values used as the input for manifest generation.

In general, creating new profiles is not necessary since a similar result can be achieved by passing multiple overlay files. For example, the command above is equivalent to passing two user overlay files:

Creating a custom profile is only required if you need to refer to the profile by name through the IstioOperatorSpec .

Patching the output manifest

The IstioOperator CR, input to istioctl , is used to generate the output manifest containing the Kubernetes resources to be applied to the cluster. The output manifest can be further customized to add, modify or delete resources through the IstioOperator overlays API, after it is generated but before it is applied to the cluster.

The following example overlay file ( patch.yaml ) demonstrates the type of output manifest patching that can be done:

Passing the file to istioctl manifest generate -f patch.yaml applies the above patches to the default profile output manifest. The two patched resources will be modified as shown below (some parts of the resources are omitted for brevity):

Note that the patches are applied in the given order. Each patch is applied over the output from the previous patch. Paths in patches that don’t exist in the output manifest will be created.

List item path selection

Both the istioctl —set flag and the k8s.overlays field in IstioOperator CR support list item selection by [index] , [value] or by Istioctl install mac os . The –set flag also creates any intermediate nodes in the path that are missing in the resource.

Uninstall Istio

To completely uninstall Istio from a cluster, run the following command:

Alternatively, to remove only a specific Istio control plane, run the following command:

The control plane namespace (e.g., istio-system ) is not removed by default. If no longer needed, use the following command to remove it:

Do you have any suggestions for improvement?

Источник