Учебник Spotlight 7. Student Book. Страница 77

4. Read the rule. Find examples of the present perfect continuous in the text. — Прочитайте правило. Найдите примеры настоящего совершенного длительного времени в тексте.

Перевод текста на предыдущей странице

We use the Present Perfect Continuous to talk about actions that began in the past and are still taking place with emphasis on duration. — Мы используем настоящее совершенное длительное время, чтобы рассказать о действиях, которые начались в прошлом и до сих пор продолжаются, с акцентом на время действия.

• I’ve been watching TV since 6 pm.(I’m still watching TV now.) — Я смотрю телевизор с 6 вечера (Я все еще смотрю телевизор сейчас).
• They’ve been sleeping for hours.(They’re still sleeping at the moment.) — Они спят уже несколько часов (Они до сих пор спят в настоящий момент)
• How long have you been studying? — Как долго ты учишь (делаешь задание)?
• Since the morning/For five hours. — С утра/В течение пяти часов.

In the last paragraph: have been trying, have been using — В последнем параграфе: пытаются, используют.

Комментарий: Данный вид времени используется относительно редко, так как его часто заменяют на простой Present Perfect, но изучить его все же необходимо, поскольку в ряде случаев оно просто незаменимо. Чтобы построить предложение с использованием Present Perfect Continuous необходимо два глагола: вспомогательный и смысловой. В роли вспомогательного выступает глагол to be в форме Present Perfect, т.е. в третьей форме (been) с добавлением перед ним глагола have/has. Смысловой глагол образуется путем добавления окончания -ing. При переводе на русский язык мы можем употреблять как настоящее, так и прошедшее время, в зависимости от того, завершилось событие или нет.

Present Perfect Continuous употребляется в ситуациях:

1. Чтобы выразить действие, которое началось в прошлом и до сих пор продолжается. Обычно такие предложения содержат в себе слова, указывающие на временной промежуток: recently (на днях), lately (недавно), quite a while (долгое время/давненько), all my life (всю мою жизнь), this month/this year (месяц, год); а также маркеры времени for (в течение) и since (с тех пор, как), которые применяются в роли подсказок для употребления этого времени.
   • Alex has been trying to fix the car for 2 hours — Алекс пытается починить машину уже 2 часа. (Т.е. начал 2 часа назад и до сих пор ее чинит)
2. Чтобы задать специальные вопросы, предусматривающие ответ с использованием этого вида времени:
   • How long have you been dating? — Как долго вы уже встречаетесь?
     We have been dating for 5 months. — Мы встречаемся 5 месяцев.
   • Since when has she been working here? — С каких пор она здесь работает?
     She’s been working here since January. — Она работает здесь с января.
3. Чтобы показать действие, которое началось в прошлом, какое-то время продолжалось и недавно закончилось, приведя к какому-то результату в настоящем.
   • I’m exhausted. We have been dancing all night. — Я выжат, как лимон. Мы танцевали всю ночь. (Говорящий чувствует усталость, потому что до этого он танцевал всю ночь)
4. Когда необходимо построить сложное предложение, которое имеет придаточное времени (обычно с временным маркером since).
   

• John has been learning British English since he moved to England. — Джон изучает британский английский с тех пор, как он переехал в Англию.
• Но это время не употребляется с глаголами состояния, которые показывают чувства, восприятие, умственную активность, обладание чем-то. I have admired Vladimir since I saw him last year. — Я восхищаюсь Владимиром с тех пор, как увидела его в прошлом году.

5. Listen to the sounds. Match the people to what they have been doing. Then complete the sentences. — Послушайте звуки. Сопоставьте людей с тем, что они делают. Затем дополните предложения.

1. John (E) wash dishes
2. the kids (A) play football
3. Grandad (B) listen to music
4. Ann (С) watch TV
5. Steve (D) sleep

1. John has been washing the dishes for an hour. — Джон моет тарелки уже час.
2. The kids have been playing football since 6:00 pm. — Дети играют в футбол с 6 вечера.
3. Grandad has been listening to music for two hours. — Дедушка слушает музыку уже два часа.
4. Ann has been watching TV for half an hour. — Анна смотрит телевизор полчаса.
5. Steve has been sleeping since 10 am. — Стив спит с 10 утра.

6. Complete the sentences with the correct phrasal verb in the appropriate form. — Дополните предложения правильным фразовым глаголом в нужной форме.

• make up — выдумывать, наносить макияж, красить губы, подлизываться к кому-либо;
• make up with — мириться с кем-либо;
• make out — понять или разобрать (с трудом), различать, разглядеть и др.

1. I can’t make out your handwriting. — Я не могу разобрать твою писанину.
2. It’s not true. She made up the whole story. — Это не правда. Она все выдумала.
3. He has made up with Tom after their quarrel. — Он помирился с Томом после их ссоры.

7. Work in groups. Collect information using the Internet about what we can do to solve the problem of acid rain and present it to the class. Draw pictures to show some of the things we can do. — Поработайте в группах. Соберите информацию из Интернета о том, что мы можем сделать, чтобы решить проблему кислотных дождей, и представьте ее классу. Нарисуйте картинки, демонстрирующие, что мы можем сделать.

If we use wind or solar power, there will be less pollution. If we turn off lights, TVs and computers when we are not using them, we will save energy. If we have to drive to work by car, we should share a ride with somebody else. We can plant new trees to make air be more clear. Also we can separate our garbage (glass, plastic, paper, food waste) to make recycling more effective.

Если мы будем использовать энергию ветра или солнца, будет меньше загрязнения. Если мы будем выключать свет, телевизор и компьютеры, когда ими не пользуемся, мы сохраним энергию. Если нам нужно ехать на работу на машине, мы должны взять с собой в машину еще кого-нибудь. Мы можем сажать новые деревья, чтобы сделать воздух более чистым. Также мы можем разделять наши отходы (стекло, пластик, бумагу, пищевые отходы), чтобы сделать их переработку более эффективной.

Контрольная работа по английскому языку к разделу 5

2. Put the verbs in Past Simple.

He __________ (catch) a bus an hour __________.

I __________(drink) a cup of tea ten minutes __________.

He __________(speak) to the director two days __________.

She __________(meet) them a month __________.

They __________(have) lunch two hours __________.

John __________(open) the window half an hour __________.

My sister__________(cook) dinner an hour __________.

Mr. Field __________(telephone) just a minute __________.

they __________(be) in Paris a year __________.

I __________(eat) a sandwich an hour __________.

3. Put in the prepositions.

4. Put the words in the correct order.

5. Choose the correct word.

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Past Perfect/Past Perfect Continuous — упражнения с ответами

Упражнения «Сравнение времен Past Perfect — Past Perfect Continuous»

Упражнение № 1

Поставьте глаголы из скобок в форму Past Perfect или Past Perfect Continuous.

1. Julia wanted to sit down as she . (stand) at work all day long. (Джулия хотела присесть, потому что она весь день на работе стояла на ногах.)
2. She . (learn) “Eugene Onegin” by the autumn. (К осени она выучила «Евгения Онегина».)
3. The rain stopped but there were a lot of puddles because it . (rain) cats and dogs. (Дождь прекратился, но было много луж, потому что лило как из ведра.)
4. Olivia and Victor . (chat) via Skype for an hour when the connection broke. (Оливия и Виктор беседовали по скайпу в течение часа, когда связь прервалась.)
5. They . (decorate) the New Year tree before the children arrived. (Они украсили новогоднюю елку до того, как прибыли дети.)
6. Bob . (eat up) all the muffins by lunchtime. (Боб съел все маффины к обеду.)
7. My sister . (do) the laundry since early morning. (Моя сестра занималась стиркой с самого раннего утра.)
8. I knew that our parents . (grow) melons in their greenhouse since they bought the house. (Я знал, что наши родители выращивали дыни в теплице с тех пор, как купили дом.)
9. He . (loose) much weight by the end of the year. (Он сильно похудел к концу года.)
10. Brown understood the problems of his agency because he . (work) for it since 2005. (Мистер Браун понимал все проблемы своего агентства, поскольку работал в нем с 2005 года.)

Ответы:

1. had been standing
2. had learnt
3. had rained
4. had been chatting
5. had decorated
6. had eaten up
7. had been doing
8. had been growing
9. had lost
10. had been working

Упражнение № 2

В каждой паре предложений поставьте глагол в одной из форм: Past Perfect или Past Perfect Continuous.

My head hurt because I . to music for three hours. – I knew the names of the robbers because I . to the news on TV.

They . a new school for six months when there was an earthquake. – They . a new block of flats by December.

By the time the sun went down the couple . over the Pacific ocean for five hours. – By the time the sun went down the couple . more than 500 km over the Pacific ocean.

Ответы:

1. My head hurt because I had been listening to music for three hours. (У меня болела голова, потому что я слушал музыку на протяжении трех часов.) – I knew the names of the robbers because I had listened to the news on TV. (Я знал имена грабителей, потому что слушал новости по телевизору.)
2. They had been building a new school for six months when there was an earthquake. (Они строили новую школу в течение шести месяцев, когда произошло землетрясение.) – They had built a new block of flats by December. (Они построили новый многоквартирный дом к декабрю.)
3. By the time the sun went down the couple had been flying over the Pacific ocean for five hours. (К тому времени, когда зашло солнце, пара уже летела над Тихим океаном в течение пяти часов.) – By the time the sun went down the couple had flown more than 500 km over the Pacific ocean. (К тому времени, когда зашло солнце, пара пролетела над Тихим океаном более 500 километров.)

Упражнение № 3

Опираясь на образец, дополните предложения в the Past Perfect Continuous Tense.Example:

… before we came from the supermarket. Liz/ to clean/the flat/for two hours.— Liz had been cleaning the flat for two hours before we came from the supermarket.

1. … before Tom came to the court. Helen/to play/tennis/for an hour and a half.
2. … before he retired. Mr Black/to work/as a lawyer/for twenty-five years.
3. … when the bus arrived. We/ to wait/f or forty minutes.
4. Sheila looked tired because She/to sew/a dress/for her little daughter/all day.
5. Before Jack got to level four …. Не/to play/the same game/for three hours.
6. Mike’s neighbours were angry because …. Не/to listen/to loud music/for four hours/yesterday evening.
7. Everybody was very hungry because …. They/to work/all day/without/а break for lunch.
8. … when suddenly the car broke down. We/ to drive/for five hours.
9. … before the plane landed in the airport late in the evening yesterday. They/to fly/for six hours.
10. … since Easter. Alex and Den/to prepare/for the exams.

Ответы:

1. Helen had been playing for an hour and a half before Tom came to the court.
2. Mr Black had been working as a lawyer for twenty-five years before he retired.
3. We had been waiting for forty minutes when the bus arrived.
4.Sheila looked tired because she had been sewing a dress for her little daughter all day.
5. Before Jack got to level four he had been playing the same game for three hours.
6. Mike’s neighbours were angry because he had been listening to loud music for four hours yesterday evening.
7. Everybody was very hungry because they had been working all day without a break for lunch.
8. We had been driving for five hours when suddenly the car broke down.
9. They had been flying for six hours before the plane landed in the airport late in the evening yesterday.
10. Alex and Den had been preparing for the exam since Easter.

Упражнение № 4

Поставьте глаголы в скобках в the Past Perfect Continuous Tense.

1. My sister … (to practise) for two months before that concert.
2. The boys … (to fish) for three hours before Tom caught the first fish.
3. We … (to discuss) that problem for more than an hour before we found the right solution.
4. Henry … (to wait) for half an hour before he saw his girlfriend getting off the tram.
5. Driving to the hospital was difficult as it … (to snow) all night.
6. Polly … (to study) economy since she entered university.
7. Ron’s collection of coins was valuable as he … (to collect) them since he was a schoolboy.
8. When Sam returned home we … (to watch) that TV programme for a quarter of an hour already.
9. Bill’s coat and mittens were wet because he … (to play) snowballs with his friends in the yard.
10. David was irritated because the police inspector … (to ask) him questions for more than an hour.

Ответы:

1. My sister had been practising for two months before that concert.
2.The boys had been fishing for three hours before Tom caught the first fish.
3.We had been discussing that problem for more than an hour before we found the right solution.
4. Henry had been waiting for half an hour before he saw his girlfriend getting off the tram.
5. Driving to the hospital was difficult as it had been snowing all night.
6. Polly had been studying economy since she entered university.
7.Ron’s collection of coins was valuable as he had been collecting them since he was a schoolboy.
8. When Sam returned home we had been watching that TV programme for quarter of an hour already.
9. Bill’s coat and mittens were wet because he had been playing snowballs with his friends in the yard.
10. David was irritated because the police inspector had been asking him questions for more than an hour.

Упражнение № 5

Сделайте предложения отрицательными и вопросительными.

1. Brian had been trying to find a better job for three weeks.
2. Little Johnny had been riding his new bike all day yesterday.
3. Robert and Frank had been fixing that computer for two hours yesterday.
4. Julia had been typing the report all the morning yesterday.
5. It had been raining all night last Tuesday.
6. The Smiths had been building their house for four years.
7. We had been skating for three hours yesterday.
8. You had been decorating the classroom for more than two hours last Saturday.
9. The twins had been fighting in the backyard when their mother saw them.
10. Molly had been speaking on the phone for an hour and a half yesterday evening.

Ответы:

1. Brian hadn’t been trying to find a better job for three weeks. Had Brian been trying to find a better job for three weeks?
2. Little Johnny hadn’t been riding his new bike all day yesterday. Had little Johnny been riding his new bike all day yesterday?
3. Robert and Frank hadn’t been fixing that computer for two hours yesterday. Had Robert and Frank been fixing that computer for two hours yesterday?
4. Julia hadn’t been typing the report all the morning yesterday. Had Julia been typing the report all the morning yesterday?
5.It hadn’t been raining all night last Tuesday. Had it been raining all night last Tuesday?
6. The Smiths hadn’t been building their house for four years. Had the Smiths been building their house for four years?
7. We hadn’t been skating for three hours yesterday. Had we been skating for three hours yesterday?
8. You hadn’t been decorating the classroom for more than two hours last Saturday. Had you been decorating the classroom for more than two hours last Saturday?
9. The twins hadn’t been fighting in the backyard when their mother saw them. Had the twins been fighting in the backyard when their mother saw them?
10. Molly hadn’t been speaking on the phone for an hour and a half yesterday evening. Had Molly been speaking on the phone for an hour and a half yesterday evening?

Упражнение № 5

Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму.

1. It … (to snow) for five hours before the weather changed.
2. Betty and Jane … (to argue) for half an hour when their parents returned home.
3. Why did Ed miss his training yesterday? — He couldn’t come because he … (to prepare) his project all day yesterday.
4. … Isabel… (to work) as a secretary for four years before she moved to another town? — No, she …. She … (to work) as a secretary just for two years.
5. … Pete … (toplay) computer games all the evening last Friday? — No, he …. He … (to write) an essay for two hours and then he went for a walk.
6. Jean … (not to wait) for our boss all the morning yesterday. She … (to speak) to some clients for about an hour and then she went to the bank.
7. Kevin was exhausted because he … (to unload) the lorry for three hours.
8. I was really happy that Ron won that competition because he … (toprepare) for it for half a year.
9. … you … (to save) money for a new computer for a long time? — Yes, I… . I… (not to spend) a penny for six months before I got a sufficient sum.
10. Cathy and Sue … (to tidy) our cottage house for two days after that birthday party.

Ответы:

1. It had been snowing for five hours before the weather changed.
2. Betty and Jane had been arguing for half an hour when their parents returned home.
3. Why did Ed miss his training yesterday? — He couldn’t come because he had been preparing his project all day yesterday.
4. Had Isabel been working as a secretary for four years before she moved to another town? — No, she hadn’t. She had been working as a secretary just for two years.
5. Had Pete been playing computer games all the evening last Friday? — No, he hadn’t. He had been writing an essay for two hours and then he went for a walk.
6. Jean hadn’t been waiting for our boss all the morning yesterday. She had been speaking to some clients for about an hour and then she went to the bank.
7. Kevin was exhausted because he had been unloading the lorry for three hours.
8.I was really happy that Ron won that competition because he had been preparing for it for half a year.
9. Had you been saving money for a new computer for a long time? — Yes, I had. I hadn’t been spending a penny for six months before I got a sufficient sum.
10. Cathy and Sue had been tidying our cottage house for two days after that birthday party.

Упражнение № 6

Составьте вопрос к выделенным словосочетаниям.

1. We had been preparing for the Art Festival for a month.
2. Nora had been swimming in the pool for an hour before the rain started.
3. The boys had been eating hamburgers in the park yesterday.
4. Gordon had been reading the article about new software for half an hour yesterday.
5. Helen had been speaking to her friend on the phone for two hours yesterday.

Ответы:

1. Who had been preparing for the Art Festival for a month? What had we been doing for a month? For what had we been preparing for a month? How long had we been preparing for the Art Festival?
2. Who had been swimming in the pool for an hour before the rain started? What had Nora been doing for an hour before the rain started? Where had Nora been swimming for an hour before the rain started? How long had Nora been swimming in the pool before the rain started?
3. What had the boys been doing in the park yesterday? What had the boys been eating in the park yesterday? Where had the boys been eating hamburgers?
4. What had Gordon been reading for half an hour yesterday? What article had Gordon been reading for half an hour yesterday? How long had Gordon been reading the article about new software yesterday?
5. What had Helen been doing for two hours yesterday? Who had Helen been speaking to on the phone for two hours yesterday? How long had Helen been speaking to her friend on the phone?

Упражнение № 7

Составьте предложения, используя the Past Perfect Continuous Tense.

1. We/to wait/outdoors/for twenty minutes/before/he/opened the door.
2. What/Sally/to cook/when/you/came/home/ yesterday?
3. How long/you/to repair/your car/before/Nick/ started/to help/you?
4. Sarah/to collect/dolls/since/she/ was/a girl.
5. Where/they/to come/f rom/when/you/met/them/ yesterday?
6. Who/to sing/karaoke/all the evening/yesterday?
7. Greg/to study/for his final exams/all last month?
8. They/ to drive/for five hours/when/they/ran out of petrol.
9. Tony/ to sleep/for an hour/before/you/woke/him up.
10. Our chief/ to discuss/some affairs/with our business partners/for two hours/last Wednesday.

Ответы:

1. We had been waiting outdoors for twenty minutes before he opened the door.
2.What had Sally been cooking when you came home yesterday?
3. How long had you been repairing your car before Nick started to help you?
4. Sarah had been collecting dolls since she was a girl.
5.Where had they been coming from when you met them yesterday?
6. Who had been singing karaoke all the evening yesterday?
7. Had Greg been studying for his final exams all last month?
8. They had been driving for five hours when they ran out of petrol.
9. Tony had been sleeping for an hour before you woke him up.
10. Our chief had been discussing some affairs with our business partners for two hours last Wednesday.

Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму.

1. Where … Robert… (to work) since 4 o’clock yesterday? — He … (to fix) a fence in the garden.
2. What… Wendy … (to do) in the studio for three hours last Monday? — She … (to prepare) some of her pictures for the exhibition.
3. Why … you … (to hurry) when I met you last Friday, James? — I … (to go) to the railway station to meet my uncle. I was afraid to be late.
4. It… (to rain) heavily when Mr Scott stopped his car in front of a cafe. He wanted to have lunch because he … (not to eat) since early morning.
5. What … the students … (to write) since 9 o’clock yesterday morning? — They … (to write) a test on Psychology.
6. How long … Janet… (to work) in the office before she went home yesterday? — She … (to make) photocopies of some documents for the boss for about an hour and then she … (to type) some letters for two hours before her working day was over.
7. The government… (to carry) on negotiations with the terrorists for three days before they reached some agreement.
8. Stuart… (to try) to call you for a quarter of an hour before you finally answered the phone.
9. Emily felt horrible yesterday because she … (not to sleep) all night.
10. Why was Janet so angry last Friday? — Because she … (to argue) with her parents for an hour.

Ответы:

1. Where had Robert been working since 4 o’clock yesterday? — He had been fixing a fence in the garden.
2.What had Wendy been doing in the studio for three hours last Monday? — She had been preparing some of her pictures for the exhibition.
3.Why had you been hurrying when I met you last Friday, James? — I had been going to the railway station to meet my uncle. I was afraid to be late.
4.It had been raining heavily when Mr Scott stopped his car in front of a cafe. He wanted to have lunch because he hadn’t been eating since early morning.
5. What had the students been writing since 9 o’clock yesterday morning? — They had been writing a test on Psychology.
6. How long had Janet been working in the office before she went home yesterday? — She had been making photocopies of some documents for the boss for about an hour and then she had been typing some letters for two hours before her working day was over.
7. The government had been carrying on negotiations with the terrorists for three days before they reached some agreement.
8. Stuart had been trying to call you for a quarter of an hour before you finally answered the phone.
9.Emily felt horrible yesterday because she hadn’t been sleeping all night.
10. Why was Janet so angry last Friday? — Because she had been arguing with her parents for an hour.

Упражнение № 9

Найдите ошибки и исправьте их.

1. Ann had been done the ironing for two hours yesterday.
2. We had tried to catch a taxi for twenty-five minutes last Sunday before we managed to stop one.
3. Margaret had been not surfing the Net all day yesterday.
4. Nigel had being trying to get in touch with you for a week.
5. Had been they waiting for a bus for half an hour last Wednesday?
6. How long Nelly had been speaking on the phone yesterday?
7. Had Sue been sunbathing all day yesterday? — No, she had.
8. They have been dancing for more than an hour yesterday before Helen got tired.
9. Who had played the piano in your room from 3 to 4 o’clock yesterday?
10. Why had been crying your baby all the morning yesterday?

Ответы:

1. Ann had been doing the ironing for two hours yesterday.
2.We had been trying to catch a taxi for twenty-five minutes last Sunday before we managed to stop one.
3.Margaret hadn’t been surfing the Net all day yesterday.
4.Nigel had been trying to get in touch with you for a week.
5. Had they been waiting for a bus for half an hour last Wednesday?
6. How long had Nelly been speaking on the phone yesterday?
7. Had Sue been sunbathing all day yesterday? — No, she hadn’t.
8.They had been dancing for more than an hour yesterday before Helen got tired.
9. Who had been playing the piano in your room from 3 to 4 o’clock yesterday?
10. Why had your baby been crying all the morning yesterday?

Упражнение № 10

Переведите на английский язык.

1. Вчера девочки целый день помогали мне собирать яблоки в саду.
2. Менеджер вчера разговаривал с клиентами больше двух часов.
3. На прошлой неделе мы готовились к экзаменам с понедельника по четверг.
4. Я вчера не пользовался компьютером с пяти до семи часов вчера.
5. Вчера вы тренировались в спортзале 2 часа? — Да, мы тренировались с шести до восьми часов вчера.
6. Как долго мальчики вчера катались на велосипедах? — Они катались около трех часов.
7. Почему он вчера целый день работал в библиотеке? — Он весь день готовился к конференции.
8. Какой фильм дети смотрели вчера с девяти вечера? — Они смотрели какую-то комедию.
9. Какие документы ваш секретарь готовил целый день в прошлый вторник? — Он готовил отчеты для наших торговых партнеров.
10. Что учитель вам вчера объяснял на первом уроке? — Он объяснял правила грамматики.

Ответы:

1. The girls had been helping me to gather apples in the garden all day yesterday.
2. The manager had been talking to a client for more than two hours yesterday.
3. Last week we had been preparing for the exam from Monday till Thursday.
4. I hadn’t been using the computer from five till seven o’clock yesterday.
5. Had you been training in the gym for two hours yesterday? — Yes, we had been training from six till eight o’clock in the evening.
6. How long had the boys been riding their bikes yesterday? — They had been riding for about three hours.
7. Why had he been working in the library all day yesterday? — He had been preparing for the conference all day.
8.What film had the children been watching since nine o’clock in the evening yesterday? — They had been watching some comedy.
9. What documents had your secretary been preparing all day last Tuesday? — He had been preparing the reports for our trade partners.
10. What had the teacher been explaining to you at the first lesson? — He had been explaining new grammar rules.

Упражнение № 11

Put the verbs in brackets into Past Perfect.

1. We rushed to the station but it was too late. The train . just . (leave).
2. The house was very quiet because everybody . (leave) it.
3. We had no car at the time because we . already (sell) our old one.
4. Last year my family was in France. We . never . (be) there before.
5. As I. (clean) my flat, it didn’t look untidy.
6. Ann . just. (get) home when I phoned.
7. She didn’t want to go to the cinema because she . (see) the film before.
8. My wallet wasn’t in my bag as somebody . (steal) it.
9. By 1960 most of Britain’s old colonies . (become) independent.
10. By the end of the meeting we . (make) the decision.
11. . the mother . (cook) the dinner by the time of your arrival?
12. I . (not/invite) Mary to the party because I didn’t want to see her.
13. Although he . ( play) tennis before he played very badly yesterday.
14. I received a bad mark because I . (make) many mistakes in my test.
15. We . (not/finish) our work in time.

Choose Past Simple or Past Perfect.

1. While I was listening to the music, somebody . into the room.

a. came
b. had come

2. I enjoyed this film even though I. it before.

a. saw
b. had seen

3. I tried to touch John in the morning but he already —

a. left
b. had left

4. The teacher . that the pupil didn’t know the lesson.