COUNTIF function

In this course:

Use COUNTIF, one of the statistical functions, to count the number of cells that meet a criterion; for example, to count the number of times a particular city appears in a customer list.

In its simplest form, COUNTIF says:

=COUNTIF(Where do you want to look?, What do you want to look for?)

The group of cells you want to count. Range can contain numbers, arrays, a named range, or references that contain numbers. Blank and text values are ignored.

A number, expression, cell reference, or text string that determines which cells will be counted.

For example, you can use a number like 32, a comparison like «>32», a cell like B4, or a word like «apples».

COUNTIF uses only a single criteria. Use COUNTIFS if you want to use multiple criteria.

Examples

To use these examples in Excel, copy the data in the table below, and paste it in cell A1 of a new worksheet.

Counts the number of cells with apples in cells A2 through A5. The result is 2.

Counts the number of cells with peaches (the value in A4) in cells A2 through A5. The result is 1.

Counts the number of apples (the value in A2), and oranges (the value in A3) in cells A2 through A5. The result is 3. This formula uses COUNTIF twice to specify multiple criteria, one criteria per expression. You could also use the COUNTIFS function.

Counts the number of cells with a value greater than 55 in cells B2 through B5. The result is 2.

Counts the number of cells with a value not equal to 75 in cells B2 through B5. The ampersand (&) merges the comparison operator for not equal to (<>) and the value in B4 to read =COUNTIF(B2:B5,»<>75″). The result is 3.

Counts the number of cells with a value greater than (>) or equal to (=) 32 and less than (

Common Problems

What went wrong

Wrong value returned for long strings.

The COUNTIF function returns incorrect results when you use it to match strings longer than 255 characters.

To match strings longer than 255 characters, use the CONCATENATE function or the concatenate operator &. For example, =COUNTIF(A2:A5,»long string»&»another long string»).

No value returned when you expect a value.

Be sure to enclose the criteria argument in quotes.

A COUNTIF formula receives a #VALUE! error when referring to another worksheet.

This error occurs when the formula that contains the function refers to cells or a range in a closed workbook and the cells are calculated. For this feature to work, the other workbook must be open.

Best practices

Be aware that COUNTIF ignores upper and lower case in text strings.

Criteria aren’t case sensitive. In other words, the string «apples» and the string «APPLES» will match the same cells.

Use wildcard characters.

Wildcard characters —the question mark (?) and asterisk (*)—can be used in criteria. A question mark matches any single character. An asterisk matches any sequence of characters. If you want to find an actual question mark or asterisk, type a tilde (

) in front of the character.

For example, =COUNTIF(A2:A5,»apple?») will count all instances of «apple» with a last letter that could vary.

Make sure your data doesn’t contain erroneous characters.

When counting text values, make sure the data doesn’t contain leading spaces, trailing spaces, inconsistent use of straight and curly quotation marks, or nonprinting characters. In these cases, COUNTIF might return an unexpected value.

For convenience, use named ranges

COUNTIF supports named ranges in a formula (such as =COUNTIF( fruit,»>=32″)-COUNTIF( fruit,»>85″). The named range can be in the current worksheet, another worksheet in the same workbook, or from a different workbook. To reference from another workbook, that second workbook also must be open.

Note: The COUNTIF function will not count cells based on cell background or font color. However, Excel supports User-Defined Functions (UDFs) using the Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) operations on cells based on background or font color. Here is an example of how you can Count the number of cells with specific cell color by using VBA.

Need more help?

You can always ask an expert in the Excel Tech Community, get support in the Answers community, or suggest a new feature or improvement on Excel User Voice.

Count how often a value occurs

Suppose you want to find out how many times particular text or a number value occurs in a range of cells. For example:

If a range, such as A2:D20, contains the number values 5, 6, 7, and 6, then the number 6 occurs two times.

If a column contains «Buchanan», «Dodsworth», «Dodsworth», and «Dodsworth», then «Dodsworth» occurs three times.

There are several ways to count how often a value occurs.

Use the COUNTIF function to count how many times a particular value appears in a range of cells.

For more information, see COUNTIF function.

The COUNTIFS function is similar to the COUNTIF function with one important exception: COUNTIFS lets you apply criteria to cells across multiple ranges and counts the number of times all criteria are met. You can use up to 127 range/criteria pairs with COUNTIFS.

The syntax for COUNTIFS is:

COUNTIFS(criteria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2, criteria2],…)

See the following example:

To learn more about using this function to count with multiple ranges and criteria, see COUNTIFS function.

Let’s say you need to determine how many salespeople sold a particular item in a certain region or you want to know how many sales over a certain value were made by a particular salesperson. You can use the IF and COUNT functions together; that is, you first use the IF function to test a condition and then, only if the result of the IF function is True, you use the COUNT function to count cells.

The formulas in this example must be entered as array formulas.

If you have a current version of Microsoft 365, then you can simply enter the formula in the top-left-cell of the output range, then press ENTER to confirm the formula as a dynamic array formula.

If you have opened this workbook in Excel for Windows or Excel 2016 for Mac and newer versions, and want to change the formula or create a similar formula, press F2, and then press Ctrl+Shift+Enter to make the formula return the results you expect. In earlier versions of Excel for Mac, use +Shift+Enter.

For the example formulas to work, the second argument for the IF function must be a number.

To learn more about these functions, see COUNT function and IF function.

In the examples that follow, we use the IF and SUM functions together. The IF function first tests the values in some cells and then, if the result of the test is True, SUM totals those values that pass the test.

Notes: The formulas in this example must be entered as array formulas.

If you have a current version of Microsoft 365, then you can simply enter the formula in the top-left-cell of the output range, then press ENTER to confirm the formula as a dynamic array formula.

If you have opened this workbook in Excel for Windows or Excel 2016 for Mac and newer versions, and want to change the formula or create a similar formula, press F2, and then press Ctrl+Shift+Enter to make the formula return the results you expect. In earlier versions of Excel for Mac, use +Shift+Enter.

The above function says if C2:C7 contains the values Buchanan and Dodsworth, then the SUM function should display the sum of records where the condition is met. The formula finds three records for Buchanan and one for Dodsworth in the given range, and displays 4.

The above function says if D2:D7 contains values lesser than $9000 or greater than $19,000, then SUM should display the sum of all those records where the condition is met. The formula finds two records D3 and D5 with values lesser than $9000, and then D4 and D6 with values greater than $19,000, and displays 4.

The above function says if D2:D7 has invoices for Buchanan for less than $9000, then SUM should display the sum of records where the condition is met. The formula finds that C6 meets the condition, and displays 1.

You can use a PivotTable to display totals and count the occurrences of unique values. A PivotTable is an interactive way to quickly summarize large amounts of data. You can use a PivotTable to expand and collapse levels of data to focus your results and to drill down to details from the summary data for areas that are of interest to you. In addition, you can move rows to columns or columns to rows («pivoting») to see a count of how many times a value occurs in a PivotTable. Let’s look at a sample scenario of a Sales spreadsheet, where you can count how many sales values are there for Golf and Tennis for specific quarters.

Enter the following data in an Excel spreadsheet.

Click Insert > PivotTable.

In the Create PivotTable dialog box, click Select a table or range, then click New Worksheet, and then click OK.

An empty PivotTable is created in a new sheet.

In the PivotTable Fields pane, do the following:

Drag Sport to the Rows area.

Drag Quarter to the Columns area.

Drag Sales to the Values area.

The field name displays as SumofSales2 in both the PivotTable and the Values area.

At this point, the PivotTable Fields pane looks like this:

In the Values area, click the dropdown next to SumofSales2 and select Value Field Settings.

In the Value Field Settings dialog box, do the following:

In the Summarize value field by section, select Count.

In the Custom Name field, modify the name to Count.

The PivotTable displays the count of records for Golf and Tennis in Quarter 3 and Quarter 4, along with the sales figures.

Need more help?

You can always ask an expert in the Excel Tech Community or get support in the Answers community.

Ways to count values in a worksheet

Counting is an integral part of data analysis, whether you are tallying the head count of a department in your organization or the number of units that were sold quarter-by-quarter. Excel provides multiple techniques that you can use to count cells, rows, or columns of data. To help you make the best choice, this article provides a comprehensive summary of methods, a downloadable workbook with interactive examples, and links to related topics for further understanding.

Note: Counting should not be confused with summing. For more information about summing values in cells, columns, or rows, see Summing up ways to add and count Excel data.

Download our examples

You can download an example workbook that gives examples to supplement the information in this article. Most sections in this article will refer to the appropriate worksheet within the example workbook that provides examples and more information.

In this article

Simple counting

You can count the number of values in a range or table by using a simple formula, clicking a button, or by using a worksheet function.

Excel can also display the count of the number of selected cells on the Excel status bar. See the video demo that follows for a quick look at using the status bar. Also, see the section Displaying calculations and counts on the status bar for more information. You can refer to the values shown on the status bar when you want a quick glance at your data and don’t have time to enter formulas.

Video: Count cells by using the Excel status bar

Watch the following video to learn how to view count on the status bar.

Use AutoSum

Use AutoSum by selecting a range of cells that contains at least one numeric value. Then on the Formulas tab, click AutoSum > Count Numbers.

Excel returns the count of the numeric values in the range in a cell adjacent to the range you selected. Generally, this result is displayed in a cell to the right for a horizontal range or in a cell below for a vertical range.

Add a Subtotal row

You can add a subtotal row to your Excel data. Click anywhere inside your data, and then click Data > Subtotal.

Note: The Subtotal option will only work on normal Excel data, and not Excel tables, PivotTables, or PivotCharts.

Also, refer to the following articles:

Count cells in a list or Excel table column by using the SUBTOTAL function

Use the SUBTOTAL function to count the number of values in an Excel table or range of cells. If the table or range contains hidden cells, you can use SUBTOTAL to include or exclude those hidden cells, and this is the biggest difference between SUM and SUBTOTAL functions.

The SUBTOTAL syntax goes like this:

To include hidden values in your range, you should set the function_num argument to 2.

To exclude hidden values in your range, set the function_num argument to 102.

Counting based on one or more conditions

You can count the number of cells in a range that meet conditions (also known as criteria) that you specify by using a number of worksheet functions.

Video: Use the COUNT, COUNTIF, and COUNTA functions

Watch the following video to see how to use the COUNT function and how to use the COUNTIF and COUNTA functions to count only the cells that meet conditions you specify.

Count cells in a range by using the COUNT function

Use the COUNT function in a formula to count the number of numeric values in a range.

In the above example, A2, A3, and A6 are the only cells that contains numeric values in the range, hence the output is 3.

Note: A7 is a time value, but it contains text ( a.m.), hence COUNT does not consider it a numerical value. If you were to remove a.m. from the cell, COUNT will consider A7 as a numerical value, and change the output to 4.

Count cells in a range based on a single condition by using the COUNTIF function

Use the COUNTIF function function to count how many times a particular value appears in a range of cells.

Count cells in a column based on single or multiple conditions by using the DCOUNT function

DCOUNT function counts the cells that contain numbers in a field (column) of records in a list or database that match conditions that you specify.

In the following example, you want to find the count of the months including or later than March 2016 that had more than 400 units sold. The first table in the worksheet, from A1 to B7, contains the sales data.

DCOUNT uses conditions to determine where the values should be returned from. Conditions are typically entered in cells in the worksheet itself, and you then refer to these cells in the criteria argument. In this example, cells A10 and B10 contain two conditions—one that specifies that the return value must be greater than 400, and the other that specifies that the ending month should be equal to or greater than March 31st, 2016.

You should use the following syntax:

DCOUNT checks the data in the range A1 through B7, applies the conditions specified in A10 and B10, and returns 2, the total number of rows that satisfy both conditions (rows 5 and 7).

Count cells in a range based on multiple conditions by using the COUNTIFS function

The COUNTIFS function is similar to the COUNTIF function with one important exception: COUNTIFS lets you apply criteria to cells across multiple ranges and counts the number of times all criteria are met. You can use up to 127 range/criteria pairs with COUNTIFS.

The syntax for COUNTIFS is:

COUNTIFS(criteria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2, criteria2],…)

See the following example:

Count based on criteria by using the COUNT and IF functions together

Let’s say you need to determine how many salespeople sold a particular item in a certain region or you want to know how many sales over a certain value were made by a particular salesperson. You can use the IF and COUNT functions together; that is, you first use the IF function to test a condition and then, only if the result of the IF function is True, you use the COUNT function to count cells.

The formulas in this example must be entered as array formulas. If you have opened this workbook in Excel for Windows or Excel 2016 for Mac and want to change the formula or create a similar formula, press F2, and then press Ctrl+Shift+Enter to make the formula return the results you expect. In earlier versions of Excel for Mac, use +Shift+Enter.

For the example formulas to work, the second argument for the IF function must be a number.

Count how often multiple text or number values occur by using the SUM and IF functions together

In the examples that follow, we use the IF and SUM functions together. The IF function first tests the values in some cells and then, if the result of the test is True, SUM totals those values that pass the test.

The above function says if C2:C7 contains the values Buchanan and Dodsworth, then the SUM function should display the sum of records where the condition is met. The formula finds three records for Buchanan and one for Dodsworth in the given range, and displays 4.

The above function says if D2:D7 contains values lesser than $9000 or greater than $19,000, then SUM should display the sum of all those records where the condition is met. The formula finds two records D3 and D5 with values lesser than $9000, and then D4 and D6 with values greater than $19,000, and displays 4.

The above function says if D2:D7 has invoices for Buchanan for less than $9000, then SUM should display the sum of records where the condition is met. The formula finds that C6 meets the condition, and displays 1.

Important: The formulas in this example must be entered as array formulas. That means you press F2 and then press Ctrl+Shift+Enter. In earlier versions of Excel for Mac use +Shift+Enter.

See the following Knowledge Base articles for additional tips:

Count cells in a column or row in a PivotTable

A PivotTable summarizes your data and helps you analyze and drill down into your data by letting you choose the categories on which you want to view your data.

You can quickly create a PivotTable by selecting a cell in a range of data or Excel table and then, on the Insert tab, in the Tables group, clicking PivotTable.

Let’s look at a sample scenario of a Sales spreadsheet, where you can count how many sales values are there for Golf and Tennis for specific quarters.

Note: For an interactive experience, you can run these steps on the sample data provided in the PivotTable sheet in the downloadable workbook.

Enter the following data in an Excel spreadsheet.

Click Insert > PivotTable.

In the Create PivotTable dialog box, click Select a table or range, then click New Worksheet, and then click OK.

An empty PivotTable is created in a new sheet.

In the PivotTable Fields pane, do the following:

Drag Sport to the Rows area.

Drag Quarter to the Columns area.

Drag Sales to the Values area.

The field name displays as SumofSales2 in both the PivotTable and the Values area.

At this point, the PivotTable Fields pane looks like this:

In the Values area, click the dropdown next to SumofSales2 and select Value Field Settings.

In the Value Field Settings dialog box, do the following:

In the Summarize value field by section, select Count.

In the Custom Name field, modify the name to Count.

The PivotTable displays the count of records for Golf and Tennis in Quarter 3 and Quarter 4, along with the sales figures.

Counting when your data contains blank values

You can count cells that either contain data or are blank by using worksheet functions.

Count nonblank cells in a range by using the COUNTA function

Use the COUNTA function function to count only cells in a range that contain values.

When you count cells, sometimes you want to ignore any blank cells because only cells with values are meaningful to you. For example, you want to count the total number of salespeople who made a sale (column D).

COUNTA ignores the blank values in D3, D4, D8, and D11, and counts only the cells containing values in column D. The function finds six cells in column D containing values and displays 6 as the output.

Count nonblank cells in a list with specific conditions by using the DCOUNTA function

Use the DCOUNTA function to count nonblank cells in a column of records in a list or database that match conditions that you specify.

The following example uses the DCOUNTA function to count the number of records in the database that is contained in the range A1:B7 that meet the conditions specified in the criteria range A9:B10. Those conditions are that the Product ID value must be greater than or equal to 2000 and the Ratings value must be greater than or equal to 50.

DCOUNTA finds two rows that meet the conditions- rows 2 and 4, and displays the value 2 as the output.

Count blank cells in a contiguous range by using the COUNTBLANK function

Use the COUNTBLANK function function to return the number of blank cells in a contiguous range (cells are contiguous if they are all connected in an unbroken sequence). If a cell contains a formula that returns empty text («»), that cell is counted.

When you count cells, there may be times when you want to include blank cells because they are meaningful to you. In the following example of a grocery sales spreadsheet. suppose you want to find out how many cells don’t have the sales figures mentioned.

Note: The COUNTBLANK worksheet function provides the most convenient method for determining the number of blank cells in a range, but it doesn’t work very well when the cells of interest are in a closed workbook or when they do not form a contiguous range. The Knowledge Base article XL: When to Use SUM(IF()) instead of CountBlank() shows you how to use a SUM(IF()) array formula in those cases.

Count blank cells in a non-contiguous range by using a combination of SUM and IF functions

Use a combination of the SUM function and the IF function. In general, you do this by using the IF function in an array formula to determine whether each referenced cell contains a value, and then summing the number of FALSE values returned by the formula.

See a few examples of SUM and IF function combinations in an earlier section Count how often multiple text or number values occur by using the SUM and IF functions together in this topic.

Counting unique occurrences of values

You can count unique values in a range by using a PivotTable, COUNTIF function, SUM and IF functions together, or the Advanced Filter dialog box.

Count the number of unique values in a list column by using Advanced Filter

Use the Advanced Filter dialog box to find the unique values in a column of data. You can either filter the values in place or you can extract and paste them to a new location. Then you can use the ROWS function to count the number of items in the new range.

To use Advanced Filter, click the Data tab, and in the Sort & Filter group, click Advanced.

The following figure shows how you use the Advanced Filter to copy only the unique records to a new location on the worksheet.

In the following figure, column E contains the values that were copied from the range in column D.

If you filter your data in place, values are not deleted from your worksheet — one or more rows might be hidden. Click Clear in the Sort & Filter group on the Data tab to display those values again.

If you only want to see the number of unique values at a quick glance, select the data after you have used the Advanced Filter (either the filtered or the copied data) and then look at the status bar. The Count value on the status bar should equal the number of unique values.

Count the number of unique values in a range that meet one or more conditions by using IF, SUM, FREQUENCY, MATCH, and LEN functions

Use various combinations of the IF, SUM, FREQUENCY, MATCH, and LEN functions.

For more information and examples, see the section «Count the number of unique values by using functions» in the article Count unique values among duplicates.

Special cases (count all cells, count words)

You can count the number of cells or the number of words in a range by using various combinations of worksheet functions.

Count the total number of cells in a range by using ROWS and COLUMNS functions

Suppose you want to determine the size of a large worksheet to decide whether to use manual or automatic calculation in your workbook. To count all the cells in a range, use a formula that multiplies the return values using the ROWS and COLUMNS functions. See the following image for an example:

Count words in a range by using a combination of SUM, IF, LEN, TRIM, and SUBSTITUTE functions

You can use a combination of the SUM, IF, LEN, TRIM, and SUBSTITUTE functions in an array formula. The following example shows the result of using a nested formula to find the number of words in a range of 7 cells (3 of which are empty). Some of the cells contain leading or trailing spaces — the TRIM and SUBSTITUTE functions remove these extra spaces before any counting occurs. See the following example:

Now, for the above formula to work correctly, you have to make this an array formula, otherwise the formula returns the #VALUE! error. To do that, click on the cell that has the formula, and then in the Formula bar, press Ctrl + Shift + Enter. Excel adds a curly bracket at the beginning and the end of the formula, thus making it an array formula.

For more information on array formulas, see Overview of formulas in Excel and Create an array formula.

Displaying calculations and counts on the status bar

When one or more cells are selected, information about the data in those cells is displayed on the Excel status bar. For example, if four cells on your worksheet are selected, and they contain the values 2, 3, a text string (such as «cloud»), and 4, all of the following values can be displayed on the status bar at the same time: Average, Count, Numerical Count, Min, Max, and Sum. Right-click the status bar to show or hide any or all of these values. These values are shown in the illustration that follows.

Do you have a specific Excel question?

Help us improve Excel

Do you have suggestions about how we can improve the next version of Excel? If so, please check out the topics at Excel User Voice