Linux find and rename files

6 Methods To Rename Multiple Files At Once In Linux

In this tutorial, we will learn how to rename multiple files at once in Linux using various tools. All examples provided here are tested in Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, however they should work on any Linux operating systems.

Introduction

As you may already know, we use mv command to bulk rename or move files and directories in Linux and Unix-like operating systems.

But, the mv command won’t support renaming multiple files at once. It can rename only one file at a time. What would you do if you wanted to rename multiple files at a time? Worry not!

There are a few other utilities available for batch renaming files in Linux.

Rename multiple files at once in Linux

There could be many commands and utilities to a rename bunch of files. As of writing this, I know the following methods only. I will keep updating the list if I come across any new method in future.

Method 1 — Using mmv

The mmv utility is used to move, copy, append and rename files in bulk using standard wildcards in Linux and Unix-like operating systems. It is available in the default repositories of Debian-based systems.

To install mmv on Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint, and Pop OS, run the following command:

Let us say, you have the following files in your current directory.

Now you want to rename all files that starts with letter «a» to «b» . Of course, you can do this manually in few seconds.

But just think if you have hundreds of files and want to rename them? It is quite time consuming process. Here is where mmv command comes in help.

To rename all files starting with letter «a» to «b» , simply run:

Let us check if the files have been renamed or not.

As you can see, all files starts with letter «a» (i.e a1.txt , a2.txt , a3.txt ) are renamed to b1.txt , b2.txt , b3.txt .

Explanation

In the above example, the first parameter ( a* ) is the ‘from’ pattern and the second parameter is ‘to’ pattern ( b#1 ).

As per the above example, mmv will look for any filenames staring with letter ‘a’ and rename the matched files according to second parameter i.e ‘to’ pattern.

We use wildcards, such as ‘*’ , ‘?’ and ‘[]‘ , to match one or more arbitrary characters. Please be mindful that you must escape the wildcard characters, otherwise they will be expanded by the shell and mmv won’t understand them.

The ‘#1′ in the ‘to’ pattern is a wildcard index. It matches the first wildcard found in the ‘from’ pattern. A ‘#2′ in the ‘to’ pattern would match the second wildcard and so on.

In our example, we have only one wildcard (the asterisk), so we write a #1 . And, the hash sign should be escaped as well. Also, you can enclose the patterns with quotes too.

You can even rename all files with a certain extension to a different extension. For example, to rename all .txt files to .doc file format in the current directory, simply run:

Here is an another example. Let us say you have the following files.

You want to replace the the first occurrence of abc with xyz in all files in the current directory. How would you do?

Please note that in the above example, I have enclosed the patterns in single quotes.

Let us check if «abc» is actually replaced with «xyz» or not.

See? The files abcd1.txt, abcd2.txt, and abcd3.txt have been renamed to xyzd1.txt, xyzd2.txt, and xyzd3.txt.

Another notable feature of mmv command is you can just print output instead of renaming the files using -n option like below.

This way you can simply verify what mmv command would actually do before renaming the files.

For more details, refer man pages.

Method 2 — Using rename utility

The rename utility will rename given files by substituting the first occurrence of expression in their name by replacement.

The rename command comes preinstalled in most Unix-like operating systems. If it is not available by default, run the following command to install it on Debian-based systems:

For instance, I have the following files in the current directory.

Let us replace the the first occurrence of abc with xyz wherever found. To do so, run:

Now, verify if the changes have been made with ls command.

Sometimes, you might to just print output instead of renaming the files. If so, use -n flag to display which renames would occur without performing them:

As you can see, the above command didn’t make any changes, instead just displays which renames would occur.

You can force renaming task even if the operation would overwrite existing files using -f flag like below.

If you don’t want to overwrite the files, you can simply convert them to upper or lowercase letters (and vice versa) to prevent «already exists» errors.

To convert all filenames to lower case, so:

Let us check if the changes have been made.

Yes, the letters in the filenames have been changed from lower case to upper case.

Similarly, to convert filenames to lower case, run:

We can remove all blank lines in a filename as well. For example, I have the following file.

To remove all blank spaces in the above filename, run:

Now, the filename doesn’t have any blank spaces.

Replace blank spaces with underscores:

You might want to change the file extension, but not rename the filenames. It is also possible. The following command would rename all *.txt files to *.doc .

Verify the changes using ls command:

To remove extension in all files matching .txt, run:

For more details, refer man pages.

Method 3 — Using renameutils

The renameutils is a set of programs that is designed to batch renaming files and directories faster and easier.

Renameutils consists of the following five programs:

1. qmv (quick move),
2. qcp (quick copy),
3. imv (interactive move),
4. icp (interactive copy),
5. deurlname (delete URL).

Install renameutils in Linux

Renameutils is available in the default repositories of most Linux distributions. To install it on Arch-based systems, enable the community repository and run:

On Debian-based systems:

Now, let us see some examples.

1. qmv

The qmv program will open the filenames in a directory in your default text editor and allows you to edit them.

I have the following three files in a directory named ‘ostechnix’.

To rename the filenames in the ‘ostechnix’ directory, simply do:

Now, change the filenames as you wish. You will see the live preview as you edit the filenames.

Alternatively, you can cd into the directory and simply run ‘qmv’ .

Once you opened the files, you will see the two columns as shown in the following screenshot.

The left column side displays the source filenames and the right column displays the destination names (the output filenames that you will get after editing).

Now, rename all the output names on the right side as you wish.

After renaming filenames, save and quit the file.

Finally, you will see the following output:

Now, check if the changes have actually been made using ‘ls’ command:

See? All files are renamed. Not just files, the renameutils will also rename the directory names as well.

Here is a quick video demo of qmv program:

If you don’t want to edit the filenames in dual-column format, use the following command to display the destination file column only.

Where, ‘-f’ refers the format and ‘do’ refers destination-only .

Now, you will see only the destination column. That’s the column we make the changes.

Once done, save and close the file.

For more details, refer man pages.

2. qcp

The qcp program works like qmv, but copies files instead of renaming them. In this case, you will get two instances of same file. That means it will keep both original and duplicate files.

Rename the filenames listed on the right side. Save and quit the file. Finally, verify the changes made using ls command:

For more details, refer man pages.

3. imv

The imv program allows us to interactively rename the filenames. Obviously, it is not for bulk renaming. You could only rename the files one by one.

Edit the filename as you like and hit ENTER to rename it.

For more details, refer man pages.

4. icp

The icp program is same as imv , but it copies the files instead of moving them.

For more use cases and commands, please refer man pages.

I don’t know why the developers added these two utilities while we can do the same using mv and cp command.

5. deurlname

The deurlname program removes URL encoded characters (such as %20 representing space) from file names. Some programs, for examples w3m, tend to keep those characters encoded in saved files.

You can this tool for cleaning up the filenames you downloaded from the Internet.

Take a look the the following file.

There are some special characters and numbers in the filename. If you clean it up, just run:

Now, look how the file name is changed.

The filename is clean and readable.

Refer man pages for more details.

Also, refer the project’s website given at the end of this guide.

Method 4 — Using vimv

As the name says, Vimv is a command line utility to bulk rename files using Vim editor. You can, of course, change the editor by changing the value of $EDITOR environment variable.

To install Vimv, git clone the repository:

Copy the vimv binary to your $PATH , for example /usr/local/bin/ .

Finally, make it executable:

Now go to the directory and run the following command to edit the filenames.

You will see the filenames in Vi editor. Press i to switch to interactive mode and edit the filenames as the way you edit text in Vi editor. Once done, press ESC key and type :wq to save and exit.

The files inside the directory should be renamed now. Here is a short video demo.

For more details, refer the project’s GitHub repository given at the end of this guide.

Method 5 — Using Emacs

If you have a system with Emacs editor installed, you can do batch renaming easily by following these steps.

1. Open your Emacs editor.

2. Press Alt+x and type the following and hit ENTER to switch to wdired-mode (short for «writable directory editor mode»).

3. Enter the path to the directory (E.g. /home/sk/ostechnix ) which contains the files to rename and hit ENTER key.

4. Then, press Ctrl+x and Ctrl+q to switch to read-write mode.

5. Now, rename the files. Once done, press Ctrl+c and Ctrl+c (two times) to save the changes. To abort the changes, press Ctrl+c and Ctrl+k .

Watch the demo video:

See? It is very simple to rename multiple files at once.

Method 6 — Using Thunar file manager

The Thunar file manager has built-in bulk rename option by default.

Thunar is available in the default repositories of most Linux distributions.

To install it on Arch-based systems, run:

On Fedora, RHEL, CentOS, AlmaLinux, Rocky Linux:

On Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint:

Once installed, you can launch bulk rename utility from menu or from the application launcher. To launch it from Terminal, use the following command:

This is how bulk rename looks like.

Click the plus sign and choose the list of files you want to rename. Bulk rename can rename the name of the files, the suffix of the files or both the name and the suffix of the files.

Thunar currently supports the following Bulk Renamers:

• Insert Date or Time
• Insert or Overwrite
• Numbering
• Remove Characters
• Search & Replace
• Uppercase / Lowercase

When you select one of these criteria from the picklist, you will see a preview of your changes in the New Name column, as shown in the below screenshot.

Once you choose the criteria, click on Rename Files option to rename the files.

You can also open bulk renamer from within Thunar by selecting two or more files. After choosing the files, press F2 or right click and choose Rename .

Suggested read:

And, that’s all for now. Hope this was useful. Do you know any other method to add in this list? Please mention them in the comment section below. I will check and update this guide accordingly.

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Last Updated: October 16th, 2019 by Hitesh J in Guides, Linux

There are two ways to rename the files and directories in Linux-based operating systems. You can be done either using a GUI file manager or using a command-line interface. Generally, we use the mv command to rename the files and directories. But, the mv command won’t support multiple files and directories at once. mv command renames only one file at a time. In this case, you can use mv command with other commands to rename the multiple files at a time.

In this tutorial, we will explain how to rename files and directories in Linux-based operating systems.

Rename files with mv Command

A simple way to rename the files and directories is with mv command. It can move the file and directory from one name to another name.

The basic syntax of mv command is shown below:

mv [option] file1.txt file2.txt

Where file1.txt is the name of the source file and file2.txt is the name of the destination file.

mv [option] directory1 directory2

Where directory1 is the name of the source directory and directory2 is the name of the destination directory.

Let’s create a file named file1.txt and reneme it to file2.txt with mv command:

First, create a file named file1.txt:

Next, rename the file1.txt to file2.txt with mv command:

mv file1.txt file2.txt

Note : If you are login with normal user then mv command requires write permission for the folder containing the files

You can also use -v option to display the verbose output after running mv command.

For example, rename the file2.txt to file1.txt as shown below:

mv -v file2.txt file1.txt

You should see the following output:

You can use the -i option with mv command that will prompt before overwriting a file. This is very useful when the destination file is already exists.

Let’s rename the file1.txt to file2.txt with mv command:

mv -i file1.txt file2.txt

You will be prompt before overwriting file as shown below:

mv: overwrite ‘file2.txt’? y

Type y and hit enter to overwrite the file.

If you specify a file as source and directory as destination them mv command will move the source file to the destination directory.

For example, move the file1.txt to the directory /opt/ as hown below:

mv file1.txt /opt/

You can also use the following command to list all the options available with mv command:

You should see the following screen:

Rename multiple files with mv command

mv command won’t rename multiple files at a time. You will need to use other commands like find, for loop and while loop with mv command to achieve this.

For example, rename all the files with .txt extension in the current directory to the .php extension with find command as shown below:

First, create multiple files with .txt extension as shown below:

touch file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt file4.txt file5.txt

Next, rename all the files from .txt to .php extension with the following command:

find . -depth -name «*.txt» -exec sh -c ‘f=»<>«; mv — «$f» «$.php»‘ \;

In the above example, find command finds all the files with .txt extension in the current directory and use the mv command to rename the file with .php extension one by one using -exec switch.

You can also use “for loop” to rename all the files with .txt extension to the file with .php extension.

For example. run the following command to rename all the files from .txt to .php extension as shown below:

for file in *.txt; do mv — «$file» «$.php» done

Above command will create a for loop for all the files with .txt extension, rename all the files one by one with .php extension then complete the loop with done command.

Rename files with rename Command

The rename command is very advanced than move command. You can use rename command to rename single and multiple files according to the regular expression perlexpr. The rename command comes preinstalled in most Unix-like operating systems. If it is not available by default, run the following command to install it on Ubuntu/Debian systems:

apt-get install rename -y

On Centos/RHEL/Fedora, run the following command:

yum install prename -y

The basic syntax of rename command is shown below:

rename [options] perlexpr [filenames]

Run the following command to display all the information of rename command:

You should see the following screen:

Now, let’s start with some example. First, create some files with the following command:

touch file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt file4.txt file5.txt

Next, rename all the files with .txt extension to .html:

rename ‘s/.txt/.html/’ *.txt

You can use -v option with rename command to display names of files to be renamed along with their new names:

rename -v ‘s/.txt/.html/’ *.txt

You should see the following screen:

You can use -f option with rename command to allow existing files to be over-written.

rename -f ‘s/.txt/.html/’ *.txt

To convert all the files from lowercase to uppercase with the following command:

To convert all the files from uppercase lowercase with the following command:

Use -s with rename command to rename the files ignoring the symbolic links:

rename -s ‘s/.txt/.html/’ *.txt

Use -n option with rename command shows the files that will be changed without touching them:

rename -n ‘s/.txt/.html/’ *.txt

The above command wouldn’t actually rename the files but just print them in the console window.

Conclusion

In the above article, we learned in various ways you can rename files either single file or multiple files. I hope you have now enough knowledge of rename and mv command to rename files.

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