Linux get info about motherboard

Как узнать модель материнской платы Linux

Иногда возникает необходимость определить, какая материнская плата используется на вашем компьютере. В операционной системе Windows с этим не возникнет никаких проблем, так как существует множество программ для решения этой задачи. Например, та же CPU-Z.

В Linux подобных утилит тоже хватает, и часть из них уже поставляется вместе с операционной системой, другие нужно устанавливать. Далее я расскажу, как узнать модель материнской платы Linux различными способами.

Как посмотреть модель материнской платы Linux

1. Файловая система /sys

Информация обо всём оборудовании компьютера и об операционной системе хранится в файловой системе /sys. Там же вы можете посмотреть производителя, модель и версию материнской платы. Для этого выполните:

2. Утилита dmidecode

Для просмотра информации об оборудовании удобнее использовать специальные утилиты. Одна из них — dmidecode. Она позволяет посмотреть информацию, записанную в DMI. Для вывода данных о материнской плате используйте опцию -t со значением 2:

sudo dmidecode -t 2

3. Утилита hardinfo

Программа hardinfo позволяет просмотреть информацию об оборудовании компьютера в графическом интерфейсе. Здесь вы легко узнаете модель материнской платы. Но перед использованием программу нужно установить:

sudo apt install hardinfo

4. Утилита CPU-G

Программа CPU-G — это аналог такой популярной утилиты, как CPU-Z в Linux. Она написана на Python, внешне напоминает CPU-Z. Позволяет увидеть большинство характеристик процессора в графическом интерфейсе, узнать модель платы, которая используется. Для установки утилиты надо использовать PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:atareao/atareao
sudo apt install cpu-g

В программе нужно открыть вкладку Motherbaord. Здесь отображается версия BIOS, дата выпуска BIOS, а также информация о плате.

5. Команда lshw

Команда lshw отображает информацию о материнской плате в самом начале своего вывода. Здесь, кроме производителя и модели платы, выводится текущая версия BIOS, что может быть очень удобно, если вы готовитесь к обновлению BIOS.

6. Лог dmesg

Версию BIOS и модель материнской платы можно узнать из лога ядра dmesg. Для этого надо отфильтровать строчку DMI:

dmesg | grep DMI:

Выводы

В этой статье мы рассмотрели несколько способов, как узнать модель материнской платы Linux. Это совсем не сложно, и программ для решения такой задачи хватает с головой. А какие программы используете вы? Напишите в комментариях!

Источник

16 Commands to Check Hardware Information on Linux

Hardware information

Like for every thing, there are plenty of commands to check information about the hardware of your linux system.

Some commands report only specific hardware components like cpu or memory while the rest cover multiple hardware units.

This post takes a quick look at some of the most commonly used commands to check information and configuration details about various hardware peripherals and devices.

The list includes lscpu, hwinfo, lshw, dmidecode, lspci etc.

1. lscpu

The lscpu command reports information about the cpu and processing units. It does not have any further options or functionality.

2. lshw — List Hardware

A general purpose utility, that reports detailed and brief information about multiple different hardware units such as cpu, memory, disk, usb controllers, network adapters etc. Lshw extracts the information from different /proc files.

Check out the following post to learn more about lshw

3. hwinfo — Hardware Information

Hwinfo is another general purpose hardware probing utility that can report detailed and brief information about multiple different hardware components, and more than what lshw can report.

4. lspci — List PCI

The lspci command lists out all the pci buses and details about the devices connected to them.
The vga adapter, graphics card, network adapter, usb ports, sata controllers, etc all fall under this category.

Filter out specific device information with grep.

5. lsscsi — List scsi devices

Lists out the scsi/sata devices like hard drives and optical drives.

6. lsusb — List usb buses and device details

This command shows the USB controllers and details about devices connected to them. By default brief information is printed. Use the verbose option «-v» to print detailed information about each usb port

On the above system, 1 usb port is being used by the mouse.

7. Inxi

Inxi is a 10K line mega bash script that fetches hardware details from multiple different sources and commands on the system, and generates a beautiful looking report that non technical users can read easily.

8. lsblk — List block devices

List out information all block devices, which are the hard drive partitions and other storage devices like optical drives and flash drives

9. df — disk space of file systems

Reports various partitions, their mount points and the used and available space on each.

10. Pydf — Python df

An improved df version written in python, that displays colored output that looks better than df

11. fdisk

Fdisk is a utility to modify partitions on hard drives, and can be used to list out the partition information as well.

12. mount

The mount is used to mount/unmount and view mounted file systems.

Again, use grep to filter out only those file systems that you want to see

13. free — Check RAM

Check the amount of used, free and total amount of RAM on system with the free command.

14. dmidecode

The dmidecode command is different from all other commands. It extracts hardware information by reading data from the SMBOIS data structures (also called DMI tables).

Check out the man page for more details.

15. /proc files

Many of the virtual files in the /proc directory contain information about hardware and configurations. Here are some of them

16. hdparm

The hdparm command gets information about sata devices like hard disks.

Summary

Each of the command has a slightly different method of extracting information, and you may need to try more than one of them, while looking for specific hardware details. However they are available across most linux distros, and can be easily installed from the default repositories.

On the desktop there are gui tools, for those who do not want to memorise and type commands. Hardinfo, I-nex are some of the popular ones that provide detailed information about multiple different hardware components.

A Tech Enthusiast, Blogger, Linux Fan and a Software Developer. Writes about Computer hardware, Linux and Open Source software and coding in Python, Php and Javascript. He can be reached at [email protected] .

48 thoughts on “ 16 Commands to Check Hardware Information on Linux ”

How i can check memory in CPU. Example OPT, Efuse

Thanks for this. I’m just getting going on a VPS and this helped me discover they’d not given me the extra 1Gb I ordered. Very well explained.

Super happy with
inxi -Fx

more accurate than some of the other utilities.. for instance hwinfo was inaccurate for my Lenovo

Thanks for the great post!

Thank you! Your descriptions were useful and well explained!

Источник

How to Find Out What Motherboard You Have in Linux or Ubuntu

Just like with RAM cards and any USB, PCI or PCI Express devices that you might have attached to your system, Linux provides you with tools to find the make and model of the motherboard you have installed. This is particularly useful because while it can be difficult to get at the other devices to have a look at them, the motherboard is in even a worse spot when it comes to inspection.

Desktop workstations lock their motherboards in a case, and small netbooks or tablets might have a motherboard that’s impossible to access. You can perform an inspection with the command line or by mousing around in a graphical program. Both methods give you essentially the same information.

Method 1: Finding Out what Motherboard you Have with the Terminal

You’ll need to start a terminal window up by holding down Ctrl+Alt+T or by clicking on the Applications Menu, pointing to System Tools and then clicking on Terminal. Ubuntu users who still have the Unity Dash can search for the word Terminal at it and then select the option that comes up.

In any case, you should now be at a normal bash command prompt. From here, type sudo dmidecode | grep -A3 ‘^System Information’ and then push the enter key. You’ll need to type your administrative password if you’re working at a fresh prompt, since a normal user account can’t go poking around with the motherboard.

Polling the board should take nearly no time at all. On the low-powered i386 netbook we tested this command on, it took less than half a second. If there’s any sort of delay, then you might want to make sure that you entered it correctly. You can always swipe the text from this article with your mouse and then copy it. Click on the Edit menu in your terminal then select paste. Holding down Shift+Ctrl+V also works to paste copied text in a terminal.

As long as it ran correctly, then you’re completely done with no further playing around. Generally, motherboards themselves don’t actually have version numbers, as versions are reserved for software. The version number that gets displayed here is referencing the firmware we had installed in the BIOS. If you run this on a more modern UEFI system, then you might see a bit of additional information.

If you’re interested in reading more about your machine’s logic systems, then you have another option to run from the terminal if you’d like. Nevertheless, for most people the above technique was more than enough. It doesn’t require any additional playing around, though, so you can feel free to run it from the same terminal screen that you’re already at.

Try typing sudo dmidecode -t baseboard at the terminal and push enter to receive a mess of information about the baseboard that you’re using in your computer. While this will give you more information than the previous command would have, it will still be in a human-readable format, which makes it useful for troubleshooting.

This command will additionally tell you whether or not the logic board that you’re working with is replaceable and where it is in the chassis. Since it uses grep, it still sorts it out quite nice however. Once again, the version number it returns is more than likely related to firmware. You might notice that the manufacturer name differs from the above command, which is the result of the vendor and manufacturer of a piece of hardware not always being completely the same company.

Method 2: Graphically Find Your Motherboard Using hardinfo

If you’re using LXDE or some GNOME implementations, then you have a tool called hardinfo installed. This does the same job, albeit graphically. Most users will want to use the command line app above, but the old Unix rule about there being more than one way to accomplish a task applies here. If you’re using a desktop environment that includes it, then click on the Application menu, point to System Tools and then click on System Profiler and Benchmark. This should go for most compatible re-spins of popular Linux distributions. For instance, Ubuntu got re-spun as Lubuntu with the LXDE desktop environment and there are versions of Debian and Fedora that come with this tool.

When it first starts, hardinfo may greet you with a blank screen or focus on Kernel Modules or something else that’s not relevant to the information that you’re trying to find right now.

Scroll down to where it reads Devices on the left-hand side of the window and then click on DMI to find the same information that you would have in the command line app.

Even though it might take a couple extra seconds, this method usually won’t require you to use any administrative access, so it’s useful in situations where sudo doesn’t work. If you don’t have this program but you would like a copy, then you can head back over to the terminal window from the first method. Type sudo apt-get install hardinfo and push enter You’ll be asked to push the y key in order to approve the install. This gives you the option of running hardinfo on another type of desktop environment that might not come with it, such as the popular lightweight Xfce4 environment or something more full-featured like KDE Plasma.

If it doesn’t add an application shortcut to your menu, then you can just type hardinfo to run it from the terminal.

Once again, you might have noticed that the name of the manufacturer doesn’t stay the same. The reason for this is related to digital hardware vending practices. That being said, as long as you know one of the names and a model number you should be able to look documentation or replacement parts up online. In fact, if you do a quick search you might find that there are many different system boards packaged under different names that feature the same design as yours.

Источник

Find Motherboard Model in Linux

In Windows, you can see information about the motherboard installed in your PC using various GUI tools. In Linux, there are no such tools installed out of the box. While you can install some of them to get motherboard information, there is a single console command you can issue and get your motherboard model and other details instantly.

There is a special console tool dmidecode which utilizes sysfs to provide information about your motherboard. Here is a brief description of the tool taken from its man page.

dmidecode is a tool for dumping a computer’s DMI (some say SMBIOS) table contents in a human-readable format. This table contains a description of the system’s hardware components, as well as other useful pieces of information such as serial numbers and BIOS revision. Thanks to this table, you can retrieve this information without having to probe for the actual hardware.

While this is a good point in terms of report speed and safeness, this also makes the presented information possibly unreliable. The DMI table doesn’t only describe what the system is currently made of, it also can report the possible evolutions (such as the fastest supported CPU or the maximal amount of memory supported).

SMBIOS stands for System Management BIOS, while DMI stands for Desktop Management Interface. Both standards are tightly related and developed by the DMTF (Desktop Management Task Force).

As you run it, dmidecode will try to locate the DMI table. It will first try to read the DMI table from sysfs, and next try reading directly from memory if sysfs access failed. If dmidecode succeeds in locating a valid DMI table, it will then parse this table and display a list of records like this one:

Handle 0x0002, DMI type 2, 8 bytes.
Base Board Information Manufacturer: Intel
Product Name: C440GX+
Version: 727281-001
Serial Number: INCY92700942

Each record has:

A handle. This is a unique identifier, which allows records to reference each other. For example, processor records usually reference cache memory records using their handles.

A type. The SMBIOS specification defines different types of elements a computer can be made of. In this example, the type is 2, which means that the record contains «Base Board Information».

A size. Each record has a 4-byte header (2 for the handle, 1 for the type, 1 for the size), the rest is used by the record data. This value doesn’t take text strings into account (these are placed at the end of the record), so the actual length of the record may be (and is often) greater than the displayed value.

Decoded values. The information presented of course depends on the type of record. Here, we learn about the board’s manufacturer, model, version and serial number.

To find the motherboard model in Linux, do the following.

1. Open a root terminal.
2. Type the following command to get the brief information about your motherboard:

The output will be like this:

To get more details about your motherboard information, type or copy-paste the following command as root:

See the following screenshot:

The -t argument filters the output by the specified DMI type. 2 means ‘Baseboard’.

When you are using the ‘baseboard’ option for the -t argument, it uses a combination of DMI types (as SMBIOS specification defines), so you see more details.

Type man dmidecode to learn more about its command line argument.

Winaero greatly relies on your support. You can help the site keep bringing you interesting and useful content and software by using these options:

Share this post

About Sergey Tkachenko

Sergey Tkachenko is a software developer from Russia who started Winaero back in 2011. On this blog, Sergey is writing about everything connected to Microsoft, Windows and popular software. Follow him on Telegram, Twitter, and YouTube.

4 thoughts on “ Find Motherboard Model in Linux ”

send me updates—-**NICE!!–thanks

** In Windows, you can see information about the motherboard installed in your PC using various GUI tools. In Linux, there are no such tools installed out of the box. **

Bullsh8t. Type dmesg -H. Every Linux computer will give you breathtakingly detailed hardware information “out of the box” with that command.

I’m sorry to disappoint you, but Linux is not a toy like Windows is.

Источник