Linux install docker centos

Install Docker Engine on CentOS

Estimated reading time: 11 minutes

To get started with Docker Engine on CentOS, make sure you meet the prerequisites, then install Docker.

Prerequisites

OS requirements

To install Docker Engine, you need a maintained version of CentOS 7 or 8. Archived versions aren’t supported or tested.

The centos-extras repository must be enabled. This repository is enabled by default, but if you have disabled it, you need to re-enable it.

The overlay2 storage driver is recommended.

Uninstall old versions

Older versions of Docker were called docker or docker-engine . If these are installed, uninstall them, along with associated dependencies.

It’s OK if yum reports that none of these packages are installed.

The contents of /var/lib/docker/ , including images, containers, volumes, and networks, are preserved. The Docker Engine package is now called docker-ce .

Installation methods

You can install Docker Engine in different ways, depending on your needs:

Most users set up Docker’s repositories and install from them, for ease of installation and upgrade tasks. This is the recommended approach.

Some users download the RPM package and install it manually and manage upgrades completely manually. This is useful in situations such as installing Docker on air-gapped systems with no access to the internet.

In testing and development environments, some users choose to use automated convenience scripts to install Docker.

Install using the repository

Before you install Docker Engine for the first time on a new host machine, you need to set up the Docker repository. Afterward, you can install and update Docker from the repository.

Set up the repository

Install the yum-utils package (which provides the yum-config-manager utility) and set up the stable repository.

Optional: Enable the nightly or test repositories.

These repositories are included in the docker.repo file above but are disabled by default. You can enable them alongside the stable repository. The following command enables the nightly repository.

To enable the test channel, run the following command:

You can disable the nightly or test repository by running the yum-config-manager command with the —disable flag. To re-enable it, use the —enable flag. The following command disables the nightly repository.

Install Docker Engine

Install the latest version of Docker Engine and containerd, or go to the next step to install a specific version:

If prompted to accept the GPG key, verify that the fingerprint matches 060A 61C5 1B55 8A7F 742B 77AA C52F EB6B 621E 9F35 , and if so, accept it.

Got multiple Docker repositories?

If you have multiple Docker repositories enabled, installing or updating without specifying a version in the yum install or yum update command always installs the highest possible version, which may not be appropriate for your stability needs.

This command installs Docker, but it doesn’t start Docker. It also creates a docker group, however, it doesn’t add any users to the group by default.

To install a specific version of Docker Engine, list the available versions in the repo, then select and install:

a. List and sort the versions available in your repo. This example sorts results by version number, highest to lowest, and is truncated:

The list returned depends on which repositories are enabled, and is specific to your version of CentOS (indicated by the .el7 suffix in this example).

b. Install a specific version by its fully qualified package name, which is the package name ( docker-ce ) plus the version string (2nd column) starting at the first colon ( : ), up to the first hyphen, separated by a hyphen ( — ). For example, docker-ce-18.09.1 .

This command installs Docker, but it doesn’t start Docker. It also creates a docker group, however, it doesn’t add any users to the group by default.

Verify that Docker Engine is installed correctly by running the hello-world image.

This command downloads a test image and runs it in a container. When the container runs, it prints a message and exits.

This installs and runs Docker Engine. Use sudo to run Docker commands. Continue to Linux postinstall to allow non-privileged users to run Docker commands and for other optional configuration steps.

Upgrade Docker Engine

To upgrade Docker Engine, follow the installation instructions, choosing the new version you want to install.

Install from a package

If you cannot use Docker’s repository to install Docker, you can download the .rpm file for your release and install it manually. You need to download a new file each time you want to upgrade Docker Engine.

Go to https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/ and choose your version of CentOS. Then browse to x86_64/stable/Packages/ and download the .rpm file for the Docker version you want to install.

To install a nightly or test (pre-release) package, change the word stable in the above URL to nightly or test . Learn about nightly and test channels.

Install Docker Engine, changing the path below to the path where you downloaded the Docker package.

Docker is installed but not started. The docker group is created, but no users are added to the group.

Verify that Docker Engine is installed correctly by running the hello-world image.

This command downloads a test image and runs it in a container. When the container runs, it prints a message and exits.

This installs and runs Docker Engine. Use sudo to run Docker commands. Continue to Post-installation steps for Linux to allow non-privileged users to run Docker commands and for other optional configuration steps.

Upgrade Docker Engine

To upgrade Docker Engine, download the newer package file and repeat the installation procedure, using yum -y upgrade instead of yum -y install , and point to the new file.

Install using the convenience script

Docker provides a convenience script at get.docker.com to install Docker into development environments quickly and non-interactively. The convenience script is not recommended for production environments, but can be used as an example to create a provisioning script that is tailored to your needs. Also refer to the install using the repository steps to learn about installation steps to install using the package repository. The source code for the script is open source, and can be found in the docker-install repository on GitHub.

Always examine scripts downloaded from the internet before running them locally. Before installing, make yourself familiar with potential risks and limitations of the convenience script:

• The script requires root or sudo privileges to run.
• The script attempts to detect your Linux distribution and version and configure your package management system for you, and does not allow you to customize most installation parameters.
• The script installs dependencies and recommendations without asking for confirmation. This may install a large number of packages, depending on the current configuration of your host machine.
• By default, the script installs the latest stable release of Docker, containerd, and runc. When using this script to provision a machine, this may result in unexpected major version upgrades of Docker. Always test (major) upgrades in a test environment before deploying to your production systems.
• The script is not designed to upgrade an existing Docker installation. When using the script to update an existing installation, dependencies may not be updated to the expected version, causing outdated versions to be used.

Tip: preview script steps before running

You can run the script with the DRY_RUN=1 option to learn what steps the script will execute during installation:

This example downloads the script from get.docker.com and runs it to install the latest stable release of Docker on Linux:

Docker is installed. The docker service starts automatically on Debian based distributions. On RPM based distributions, such as CentOS, Fedora, RHEL or SLES, you need to start it manually using the appropriate systemctl or service command. As the message indicates, non-root users cannot run Docker commands by default.

Use Docker as a non-privileged user, or install in rootless mode?

The installation script requires root or sudo privileges to install and use Docker. If you want to grant non-root users access to Docker, refer to the post-installation steps for Linux. Docker can also be installed without root privileges, or configured to run in rootless mode. For instructions on running Docker in rootless mode, refer to run the Docker daemon as a non-root user (rootless mode).

Install pre-releases

Docker also provides a convenience script at test.docker.com to install pre-releases of Docker on Linux. This script is equivalent to the script at get.docker.com , but configures your package manager to enable the “test” channel from our package repository, which includes both stable and pre-releases (beta versions, release-candidates) of Docker. Use this script to get early access to new releases, and to evaluate them in a testing environment before they are released as stable.

To install the latest version of Docker on Linux from the “test” channel, run:

Upgrade Docker after using the convenience script

If you installed Docker using the convenience script, you should upgrade Docker using your package manager directly. There is no advantage to re-running the convenience script, and it can cause issues if it attempts to re-add repositories which have already been added to the host machine.

Uninstall Docker Engine

Uninstall the Docker Engine, CLI, and Containerd packages:

Images, containers, volumes, or customized configuration files on your host are not automatically removed. To delete all images, containers, and volumes:

You must delete any edited configuration files manually.

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Установка Docker на Linux

Мы рассмотрим процесс установки Docker на системы семейства Linux — а именно, CentOS, Fedora и Ubuntu.

Ubuntu

Docker на Ubuntu ставится, относительно, просто.

Обновляем список пакетов:

Устанавливаем докер командой:

apt-get install docker docker.io

Разрешаем автозапуск докера и стартуем его:

systemctl enable docker

systemctl start docker

CentOS 8

dnf install wget

Скачиваем конфигурационный файл для репозитория докер:

wget -P /etc/yum.repos.d/ https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

Теперь устанавливаем docker:

dnf install docker-ce docker-ce-cli

И разрешаем автозапуск сервиса и стартуем его:

systemctl enable docker —now

CentOS 7

yum install wget

Скачиваем файл репозитория:

wget -P /etc/yum.repos.d/ https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

Запускаем его и разрешаем автозапуск:

systemctl enable docker —now

Fedora

Устанавливаем плагин, дающий дополнительные инструменты при работе с пакетами:

yum install dnf-plugins-core

dnf config-manager —add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/fedora/docker-ce.repo

dnf install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

Запускаем его и разрешаем автозапуск:

systemctl enable docker —now

Проверка

Чтобы убедиться, что docker в рабочем состоянии, выполняем команду:

docker run hello-world

Сначала система обнаружит, что нужного образа нет и загрузит его:

Unable to find image ‘hello-world:latest’ locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
b8dfde127a29: Already exists
Digest: sha256:308866a43596e83578c7dfa15e27a73011bdd402185a84c5cd7f32a88b501a24
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

После отобразит приветствие:

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker.

Docker работает корректно.

Установка Compose

Команда docker-compose позволяет развернуть многоконтейнерные Docker-приложения.

Для ее установка сначала переходим на страницу github.com/docker/compose/releases/latest и смотрим последнюю версию docker-compose. В моем случае, это была 1.29.2.

curl -L «https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/$COMVER/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)» -o /usr/bin/docker-compose

* где 1.29.2 — последняя версия файла.

Даем права файлу на исполнение:

chmod +x /usr/bin/docker-compose

Запускаем docker-compose с выводом его версии:

Возможные проблемы

1. undefined symbol: seccomp_api_set

Сервис докера не запускается, а в логе можно увидеть следующий текст ошибки:

/usr/bin/containerd: symbol lookup error: /usr/bin/containerd: undefined symbol: seccomp_api_set

Причина: ошибка возникает, если установить свежую версию containerd на систему с необновленной библиотекой libseccomp.

Решение: обновляем libseccomp.

yum update libseccomp

apt-get —only-upgrade install libseccomp2

2. error initializing network controller list bridge addresses failed no available network

Сервис докера не запускается, а в логе можно увидеть следующий текст ошибки:

error initializing network controller list bridge addresses failed no available network

Причина: система не может создать docker-интерфейс.

Решение: создаем docker-интерфейс вручную. Устанавливаем утилиту для работы с bridge-интерфейсами.

yum install bridge-utils

apt-get install bridge-utils

brctl addbr docker0

Назначаем IP-адреса на созданный интерфейс:

ip addr add 192.168.84.1/24 dev docker0

* в нашем примере для docker мы задали адрес 192.168.84.1.

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How to Install Docker on CentOS 8

CentOS 8 comes with its own tools, buildah and podman, which are compatible with existing docker images and work without relying on a daemon, allowing the creation of containers as normal users, without the need of special permissions.

These tools still have some limitations, so in this tutorial, we will see how to install and run the original Docker CE on Centos 8 by using the official Docker repository.

What is Docker ?

Docker is an open-source project which allows the creation and distribution of applications inside containers, which are standardized environments that can be easily replicated, independently from the host system.

Adding the Docker repository

First, we must add an external repository to obtain the Docker CE. We will use the official Docker CE CentOS repository.

The DNF config-manager utility let us, among the other things, to easily enable or disable a repository in our CentOS. By default, only the appstream and baseos repositories are enabled on CentOS 8. The next step is to add and enable the docker-ce repo too. All we need to do to accomplish this task is to run the following:

We can verify that the repository has been enabled by typing the following dnf command:

Installing docker-ce package

The repository contains several versions of the docker-ce package, to display all of them, we can run:

At the time being, installation of containerd.io > 1.2.0-3.el7 is blocked, which is a dependency of docker-ce. Because of this, we have to work around this problem. However, another problem is present. As long as firewalld, the system firewall manager is enabled, DNS resolution inside docker containers does not work.
For the time being this is the only way to install docker-ce. We will update the article once the proper centos 8 package becomes available.

We will now install the docker with the following command:

Now we must enable docker service:

We can check if the service is running as it should:

From this, we can see that everything is ok.

Adding user to docker group

The docker group is created, but no users are added to the group. Add your user to this group to run docker commands without sudo.

Logout and Login again to use Docker without sudo. We can check the docker version with:

Test docker installation by pulling the test image

We can now pull the alpine docker container image to test our installed docker:

List downloaded container images:

Verify that Docker CE is working correctly by running the alpine container from the downloaded image.

We see here that we get errors trying to update with «apk update».

As said before, in order to make DNS resolution work inside Docker containers, we must disable firewalld (a system reboot may be also needed):

After reboot we will try again apk update:

Conclusion

At this time there is no official Centos 8 docker package. For now, we have to use this workaround to use the official Docker. In this tutorial, we have learned how to install and use Docker and docker images with the only workaround known at this time.

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