Linux proxy export http proxy

How to set up proxy using http_proxy & https_proxy environment variable in Linux?

Table of Contents

In this article I will share the steps to set up proxy server using https_proxy and https_proxy environment variable.

What is Proxy Server?

A proxy server is a dedicated computer or a software system running on a computer that acts as an intermediary between an endpoint device, such as a computer, and another server from which a user or client is requesting a service. The proxy server may exist in the same machine as a firewall server or it may be on a separate server, which forwards requests through the firewall.

Check current proxy configuration status (https_proxy/https_proxy)

This variable will show if there is a proxy server configured on the system:

If these variables are empty it would mean that there are no proxy servers configured on the system level.

Set up proxy server using http_proxy environment variable

The http_proxy and https_proxy environment variable is used to specify proxy settings to client programs such as curl and wget .

Set up proxy without username and password

Execute the below command with valid SERVER_IP and PORT on the terminal. This will enable proxy configuration for the current session but these values will not be persistent across reboot.

Set up proxy with username and password

You can modify the earlier command to add the username and password value assuming a valid authentication is required to enable the proxy server configuration. But again this command will also enable proxy server for the current session only and will not be persistent across reboots.

Set up proxy with domain, username and password

Assuming you are also required to add domain detail while setting up proxy configuration on your system then use the below command

Special character (@) handling

With more complex and robust handling of special characters in username or password follow How to setup http or https proxy with special characters in username and password

When the username or password uses the @ symbol, add a backslash (\) before the @ — for example:

Set up proxy permanently using /etc/environment

Now as I have highlighted above the above commands will work only for the current active session but will not be available across reboots. So to make these changes persistent define the environment variables in /etc/environment file:

Set up proxy permanently using /etc/profile.d

For bash and sh users, add the export line given above into a new file called /etc/profile.d/http_proxy.sh file:

For csh and tcsh users, use the following command to set the http_proxy variable in a new file called /etc/profile.d/http_proxy.csh file:

The extension of these files determines which shell will read them. The commands are not interchangeable.

Lastly I hope the steps from the article to setup proxy using http_proxy and https_proxy environment variable in Linux was helpful. So, let me know your suggestions and feedback using the comment section.

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Linux Proxy Server Settings – Set Proxy For Command Line

To use a proxy on the Linux command-line, you can set the environment variables http_proxy , https_proxy or ftp_proxy , depending on the traffic type.

These proxy server settings are used by the almost all Linux command-line utilities, e.g. ftp , wget , curl , ssh , apt-get , yum and others.

If you don’t know yet which proxy server to use, you can take one from the lists of the free public proxy servers at the end of this article.

Cool Tip: Need to improve security of the Linux system? Encrypt DNS traffic and get the protection from DNS spoofing! Read more →

Export Proxy Server Settings

Set these variables to configure Linux proxy server settings for the command-line tools:

If a proxy server requires authentication, set the proxy variables as follows:

Special Characters: If your password contains special characters, you must replace them with ASCII codes, for example the at sign @ must be replaced by the %40 code, e.g. p@ssword = p%40ssword .

Test The Proxy Server From The Linux Command-Line

First off all it is required to check that the proxy server settings are set in the corresponding proxy variables.

Than it is required to ensure that your public IP address has changed.

Also it would be interesting to measure and compare response time of the remote resources and the Internet speed with and without proxy.

Check the current proxy server settings:

Check your public IP address from the Linux command-line:

Compare the difference in the response time with the configured proxy and without it:

Check the Internet download speed through the proxy:

Unset Linux Proxy Variables

Use the following commands to disable proxy:

Cool Tip: Stay anonymous during port scanning! Use Nmap + Tor + ProxyChains ! Safe and easy penetration testing! Read more →

Automate Proxy Server Settings In Linux

If you use the same proxy server settings for the https , http and ftp traffic, you can use the following commands to set and unset the proxy settings:

If you use a proxy server often, you can create Bash functions as follows (add to your

Now use the setproxy and unsetproxy commands to set and unset Linux proxy server settings.

Lists of Free Public Proxy Servers

WARNING: Free public proxy servers can insert your IP address into the headers of requests or sniff your traffic! Don’t use them to transfer sensitive data and do not expect anonymity!

• Hide My Ass
• Proxy Server List
• Anonymous Public Proxy Servers
• Daily HTTP Proxies

Cool Tip: Even if you use proxy server, all your DNS queries still go to the name servers of your ISP (Internet Service Provider)! Improve anonymity, by using free public name servers! Read more →

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Как настроить прокси в Linux

Как настроить прокси в Linux

В статье показано как настроить прокси в любой версии ОС Linux.

Прокси-сервер или proxy — в переводе с англ. «представитель» — сервер как комплекс программ в компьютерных сетях, позволяющий клиентам выполнять косвенные запросы к другим сетевым службам. В рамках данного материала прокси понимается сервер выполняющий доступ к глобальной сети интернет.

Проще всего для использования прокси в командной строке, но в зависимости от типа трафика, Вы можете определить переменные окружения http_proxy, https_proxy или ftp_proxy.

Практически все утилиты командой строки, такие как curl, wget, ssh, apt-get, ftp, wget, yum и прочие, используют данные переменные.

Рассмотрим настройку переменных для использования прокси

Используйте следующий синтаксис для настройки таких типов трафика как http, https и ftp из командной строки:

$ export ftp_proxy=»http://proxy-server:port»
$ export http_proxy=»http://proxy-server:port»
$ export https_proxy=»https://proxy-server:port»

Используйте следующий синтаксис, если прокси-сервер требует аутентификацию:

$ export http_proxy=»http://user:pass@proxy-server:port»
$ export https_proxy=»https://user:pass@proxy-server:port»
$ export ftp_proxy=»http://user:pass@proxy-server:port»

Если Ваш пароль содержит спец. символы, Вы должны заменить их на ASCII коды.

Например символ собаки «@», должен быть заменен на «%40» (т. е. p@ss = p%40ss).

Тестирование работы

Используйте следующую команду для проверки текущих переменных прокси:

$ env | grep -i proxy

Можно проверить работу прокси, узнав ваш внешний IP адрес из командной строки:

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How To Use Proxy Server To Access Internet at Shell Prompt With http_proxy Variable

I ‘m behind a squid proxy server. How do I access internet via proxy server when I use wget, lynx and other utilities from a shell prompt on a Linux or Unix-like systems?

Linux and UNIX-like systems has environment variable called http_proxy. It allows you to connect text based session and/or applications via the proxy server. All you need is proxy server IP address (URL) and port values. This variable is almost used by all utilities such as elinks, lynx, wget, curl and others commands.

Tutorial details
Difficulty level	Easy
Root privileges	No
Requirements	Linux/Unix shell promot
Est. reading time	2 mintues

Set http_proxy shell variable on Linux/OS X/Unix bash shell

Type the following command to set proxy server:
$ export http_proxy=http://server-ip:port/
$ export http_proxy=http://127.0.0.1:3128/
$ export http_proxy=http://proxy-server.mycorp.com:3128/
If the proxy server requires a username and password then add these to the URL. For example, to include the username foo and the password bar:
$ export http_proxy=http://foo:bar@server-ip:port/
$ export http_proxy=http://foo:bar@127.0.0.1:3128/
$ export http_proxy=http://USERNAME:PASSWORD@proxy-server.mycorp.com:3128/

How do I setup proxy variable for all users?

To setup the proxy environment variable as a global variable, open /etc/profile file:
# vi /etc/profile
Add the following information:
export http_proxy=http://proxy-server.mycorp.com:3128/
OR
export http_proxy=http://USERNAME:PASSOWRD@proxy-server.mycorp.com:3128/
Save and close the file.

A note about enabling proxy access to a specific user

To enable proxy access for a specific user, add the lines user shell profile. For the default bash shell, the profile is the file .bash_profile. For example, enable proxy access for a specifc user called vivek, type:
$ vi $HOME/.bash_profile
OR
# vi /home/vivek/.bash_profile
Append the following line:
export http_proxy=http://USERNAME:PASSOWRD@proxy-server.mycorp.com:3128/
Save and close the file.

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How do I use password protected proxy server using various command line options?

You can simply use wget command as follows:
$ wget —proxy-user=USERNAME —proxy-password=PASSWORD http://path.to.domain.com/some.html
Lynx command has the following syntax:
$ lynx -pauth=USER:PASSWORD http://domain.com/path/html.file
Curl command has following syntax:
$ curl —proxy-user user:password http://url.com/

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Как настроить прокси в Linux

Прокси-сервер или proxy — в переводе с англ. «представитель» — сервер как комплекс программ в компьютерных сетях, позволяющий клиентам выполнять косвенные запросы к другим сетевым службам. В рамках данного материала прокси понимается сервер выполняющий доступ к глобальной сети интернет.

Проще всего для использования прокси в командной строке, но в зависимости от типа трафика, Вы можете определить переменные окружения http_proxy, https_proxy или ftp_proxy.

Практически все утилиты командой строки, такие как curl, wget, ssh, apt-get, ftp, wget, yum и прочие, используют данные переменные.

Рассмотрим настройку переменных для использования прокси

Используйте следующий синтаксис для настройки таких типов трафика как http, https и ftp из командной строки:

$ export ftp_proxy=»http://proxy-server:port»
$ export http_proxy=»http://proxy-server:port»
$ export https_proxy=»https://proxy-server:port»

Используйте следующий синтаксис, если прокси-сервер требует аутентификацию:

$ export http_proxy=»http://user:pass@proxy-server:port»
$ export https_proxy=»https://user:pass@proxy-server:port»
$ export ftp_proxy=»http://user:pass@proxy-server:port»

Если Ваш пароль содержит спец. символы, Вы должны заменить их на ASCII коды.

Например символ собаки «@», должен быть заменен на «%40» (т. е. p@ss = p%40ss).

Тестирование работы

Используйте следующую команду для проверки текущих переменных прокси:

$ env | grep -i proxy

Можно проверить работу прокси, узнав ваш внешний IP адрес из командной строки:

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