Linux restart ssh service

How do I restart sshd daemon on Linux or Unix?

I made changed to my /etc/ssh/sshd_config file. How do I restart sshd daemon on Linux or Unix systems?

SSH is an acronym for Secure Shell. It is an Internet communication protocol that allows log into Linux or Unix bases systems and runs commands. One can exchange files using a secure channel over an insecure network such as the Internet. OpenSSH is developed as part of the OpenBSD project and by default installed on modern Linux and *BSD family of operating systems including macOS. This page shows how to restart sshd daemon using the command line option.

Tutorial details
Difficulty level	Easy
Root privileges	Yes
Requirements	Linux or Unix-like OS with OpenSSH
Est. reading time	2 minutes

Procedure to restart sshd daemon

1. Open the terminal application
2. Edit the file /etc/ssh/sshd_config using a text editor such as vi or nano.
3. Restart sshd service on an Ubuntu or Debian Linux using the following command:
   sudo systemctl restart ssh.service
4. RHEL/CentOS Linux user run:
   sudo systemctl restart sshd.service

The command to restart sshd varies from one variant of Linux or Unix distro to another. Hence, we will see all other commands below. Please note that you must login as root user to restart services. Either use the su command or sudo command.

How to restart the SSHD daemon in Debian / Ubuntu Linux

Type the systemctl command:
$ sudo systemctl restart ssh

CentOS / RHEL / Fedora / Redhat Linux Restart SSHD server

$ sudo systemctl restart sshd

Restating the SSHD daemon on FreeBSD Unix

# /etc/rc.d/sshd restart
OR
# service sshd restart

OpenBSD Unix restart the SSHD service

# /etc/rc.d/sshd restart
OR
# /etc/rc.d/sshd restart

Solaris 10 command

# svcadm disable ssh
# svcadm enable ssh
Solaris version 9 and older users, try:
# /etc/init.d/sshd stop
# /etc/init.d/sshd start

AIX Unix command

# stopsrc -s sshd
# startsrc -s sshd

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HP-UX Unix command

To restart sshd daemon on HP-UX, first stop it and again start it as follows:
# /sbin/init.d/secsh stop
# /sbin/init.d/secsh start

Command line SSHD restart for Apple macOS based laptop or desttop

Open the terminal application and type the following two commands
$ sudo launchctl unload /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/ssh.plist
$ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/ssh.plist

Restarting or reloading OpenSSH SSHD server on Alpine Linux

Use the service command:
# service sshd restart
# service sshd reload

Conclusion

This page explained how to restart sshd daemon on Linux or Unix-like operating systems using various command-line options. For more information, see the official OpenSSH documents here. Another option is to read more about ssh client and sshd server by typing the following man command:
man ssh
man sshd

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CentOS Linux: Start / Stop / Restart SSHD Command

I am a new CentOS Linux server user. How can I start, stop, or restart the OpenSSH (SSHD) server on a CentOS Linux? How can I start/stop/restart SSHD on boot time on a CentOS Linux 7.x or 8.x? Can you tell me how to start SSHD on boot time on a CentOS Linux?

Tutorial details
Difficulty level	Easy
Root privileges	Yes
Requirements	None
Est. reading time	2m

You need to use the following commands as per your version of CentOS Linux system to start, stop, or restart the sshd server (OpenSSH service).

CentOS Linux command to start / stop / restart SSHD service

1. service command – Stop, start, restart or find the status of system services for CentOS v4.x/5.x/6.x only .
2. chkconfig command – Turn on or off services on boot time CentOS v4.x/5.x/6.x only .
3. systemctl command – Manage and start/stop/restart sshd on CentOS v7.x/8.x or above only (see CentOS 7.x/8.x commands here).

sshd service name on a CentOS Linux

The name of the service is also sshd and usually controlled by /etc/init.d/sshd script or service command or systemctl

CentOS turn on OpenSSH SSHD server on boot time command

The syntax is as follows to turn on SSHD on boot time for CentOS version 4.x/5.x/6.x or older :

For example, to turn off the SSHD service on boot time, enter:

To see the current status of service in each run-level type:

CentOS start sshd service command

The syntax is as follows for CentOS version 4.x/5.x/6.x or older :

CentOS stop sshd service command

The syntax is for CentOS version 4.x/5.x/6.x or older :

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Alert : Do not run the following command over ssh based session and you will end up getting ‘network connectivity lost’ error.

CentOS restart sshd service command

The syntax is for CentOS version 4.x/5.x/6.x or older :

CentOS find status of the sshd service command

The syntax is for CentOS version 4.x/5.x/6.x or older :

Sample session outputs from the above commands

Fig. 01: service and chkconfig command in action for CentOS version 4.x/5.x/6.x and older only

A note about CentOS version 7.x/8.x or above

CentOS Linux version 7.x and 8.x come with systemd as init. In other words, the above command may not work. You need to use the systemctl command to manage services on a CentOS Linux box. Hence, I recommend avoiding using the service command on the latest version of CentOS Linux. Let us see all commands and examples to restart sshd on CentOS 7.x or 8.x

Enable service at boot time

To enable SSHD service at boot time on CentOS version 7.x/8.x or above, run:
# systemctl enable sshd
Sample outputs:

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How To Start / Stop / Restart / Enable / Reload The OpenSSH Service In Linux?

systemd is a new system and service manager for Linux system, which was implemented/adapted into all the major Linux distributions over the traditional SysV init systems due to lots of issue/improvement has to be on SysVinit systems.

All the service files are available on /etc/init.d/ directory for SysVinit system.

For systemd system, the service files are available on /usr/lib/systemd/system/ directory.

If you would like to perform any kind of actions like start, stop, restart, enable, reload & status against the specific service then use the following commands.

Make sure that you should have admin privileges to run these commands except status command. It should be root or sudo permission needed to run the below commands.

What Is ssh?

openssh stands for OpenBSD Secure Shell. Secure Shell (ssh) is a free open source networking tool which allow us to access remote system over an unsecured network using Secure Shell (SSH) protocol.

It’s a client-server architecture. It handles user authentication, encryption, transferring files between computers and tunneling.

These can be accomplished via traditional tools such as telnet or rcp, these are insecure and use transfer password in cleartext format while performing any action.

1) How To Start The ssh Service In Linux?

Use the below commands to start the ssh server in Linux.

For SysVinit Systems

For systemd Systems

2) How To Stop The ssh Service In Linux?

Use the below commands to stop the ssh server in Linux.

For SysVinit Systems

For systemd Systems

3) How To Restart The ssh Service In Linux?

Use the below commands to restart the ssh server in Linux.

For SysVinit Systems

For systemd Systems

4) How To Reload The ssh Service In Linux?

Use the below commands to reload the ssh server in Linux.

For SysVinit Systems

For systemd Systems

5) How To View The ssh Service Status In Linux?

Use the below commands to view the ssh server status in Linux.

For SysVinit Systems

For systemd Systems

6) How To Enable The ssh Service On Boot In Linux?

Use the below commands to enable the ssh server on boot in Linux.

For SysVinit Systems

For systemd Systems

The default configuration file is located at /etc/ssh/sshd_config. There are lots of options are available to secure this if you want.

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