Linux where are the programs installed

How do I see what packages are installed on Ubuntu Linux?

I am a new Ubuntu Linux server user. My server hosted at Google cloud VM. How do I see what packages are installed on Ubuntu Linux?

Introduction: Ubuntu Linux is an open source operating system based upon the Linux kernel and GNU command line utilities. Ubuntu Linux is extremely popular among new Linux users as well as developers all around the globe. This page shows how to list all installed packages with apt command or apt-get command on Ubuntu Linux.

Tutorial details
Difficulty level	Easy
Root privileges	Yes
Requirements	Debian or Ubuntu Linux
Est. reading time	5 minutes

You need to use the apt or apt-get or dpkg command to list all installed packages on an Ubuntu Linux server from the bash shell prompt.

How do I see what packages are installed on Ubuntu Linux?

The procedure to list what packages are installed on Ubuntu:

1. Open the terminal application or log in to the remote server using ssh (e.g. ssh user @ sever-name )
2. Run command apt list —installed to list all installed packages on Ubuntu
3. To display a list of packages satisfying certain criteria such as show matching apache2 packages, run apt list apache

Let us see some examples about how to list installed packages on Ubuntu and Debian Linux operating systems.

apt list installed packages

Let us list all software packages on Ubuntu Linux available for us:
$ apt list

You might want to use the grep command/egrep command to filter out:
$ apt list | grep nginx
OR
$ apt list | more
However, you may see message on screen that read as follows:

WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.

To avoid this message use the dpkg command as follows:
$ dpkg —list | grep nginx
$ dpkg —list | more

List all installed packages only

The apt command displays both installed and packages available to install. What if you want to list currently installed software only? Fear not, pass the option to the apt command:
$ apt list —installed

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How to list or find out if a specific package installed or not

Run package policy as follows:
$ apt list -a pkgNameHere
Is sudo package installed?
$ apt list -a sudo
Is sudo package mariadb-server?
$ apt list -a mariadb-server

Ubuntu list installed packages

It is also possible to list installed packages matching given pattern. The syntax is:
dpkg -l pattern
dpkg —list pattern
apt list pattern
apt list —installed pattern
For example:
dpkg —list ‘x*’
Sample outputs:

• ii – Indicates that package named xauth installed.
• un – Indicates that package not installed or in Unknown status.

Listing installed packages sorted by installation date and time

There is no simple command, but we can use the combination of zgrep and other commands as follows. Let us count it:

Total installed packages on nixcraft-wks01 : 6433
List them:
zgrep » installed » /var/log/dpkg.log*

Please note that zgrep will search possibly compressed files for a regular expression as those log files are compressed by system. Hence, we need to use various z commands on Linux. See “How to find out when Debian or Ubuntu package installed or updated” for more info.

Conclusion

You learned how to list both installed and uninstalled packages on an Ubuntu Linux server or desktop using the CLI method. See the following man pages using the man command:
man apt
man apt-get
man dpkg

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How to Find Where a Program is Installed in Linux Ubuntu

By Sourabh / March 14, 2021 Category: How To, Ubuntu

How to find where a program is installed Linux Ubuntu. This post explains how to find the path of a command in Linux. On Ubuntu, find application path – find where package is installed Ubuntu Linux.

Find Where A Program Is Installed Linux Ubuntu

For where the program was installed (including all of the supporting files, so it can be a long list that you would need to search through)

Command Syntax

dpkg-query -L APPLICATION-NAME

Usage

dpkg-query -L firefox

For the menu item containing the package, look for a file in /usr/share/menu in the output of dpkg-query:

Command Syntax

dpkg-query -L APPLICATION-NAME | grep /usr/share/menu

Usage

dpkg-query -L firefox | grep /usr/share/menu

In that file you should find “section=”. The string after that text should indicate where in the menu system you would find the link to the application.

dpkg is the package manager for Debian. dpkg is a tool to install, build, remove and manage Debian packages. The primary and more user-friendly front-end for dpkg is aptitude. dpkg itself is controlled entirely via command line parameters, which consist of exactly one action and zero or more options. The action-parameter tells dpkg what to do and options control the behavior of the action in some way. dpkg can also be used as a front-end to dpkg-deb and dpkg-query.

You might also try:

Command Syntax

aptitude show APPLICATION-NAME

Usage

aptitude show firefox

How To Find The Path Of A Command In Linux

You can use which and whereis command to find the path of a command in Linux Ubuntu. Using these commands, you can find application path – find where package is installed Ubuntu Linux.

which

which is used to locate a command. which returns the pathnames of the files (or links) which would be executed in the current environment, had its arguments been given as commands in a strictly POSIX-conformant shell. It does this by searching the PATH for executable files matching the names of the arguments. It does not follow symbolic links.

Syntax of the command is:

which [-a] filename

It uses the parameter : -a – this parameter can print all matching pathnames of each argument.

whereis

whereis command is used to locate the binary, source, and manual page files for a command. whereis locates the binary, source and manual files for the specified command names. The supplied names are first stripped of leading pathname components and any (single) trailing extension of the form .ext (for example: .c) Prefixes of s. resulting from use of source code control are also dealt with. whereis then attempts to locate the desired program in the standard Linux places, and in the places specified by $PATH and $MANPATH.

Syntax of the command is:

whereis [options] [-BMS directory. -f] filename

The search restrictions (options -b, -m and -s) are cumulative and apply to the subsequent name patterns on the command line. Any new search restriction resets the search mask. For example:

whereis -bm ls tr -m gcc

searches for “ls” and “tr” binaries and man pages, and for “gcc” man pages only. The options -B, -M and -S reset search paths for the subsequent name patterns. For example:

whereis -m ls -M /usr/share/man/man1 -f cal

searches for “ls” man pages in all default paths, but for “cal” in the /usr/share/man/man1 directory only.

Do not get confused with “find” command. The ‘find’ searches the directory tree rooted at each file name FILE by evaluating the EXPRESSION on each file it finds in the tree. The command line may begin with the ‘-H’, ‘-L’, ‘-P’, ‘-D’ and ‘-O’ options. These are followed by a list of files or directories that should be searched. If no files to search are specified, the current directory (‘.’) is used.

This list of files to search is followed by a list of expressions describing the files we wish to search for.

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Linux Mint Forums

Welcome to the Linux Mint forums!

Where are programs installed

Where are programs installed

Post by helgatheviking » Sun Jun 10, 2012 10:57 am

This has always bugged me about ubuntu and now linux. in windows and hell even in mac, i know exactly where all the programs are (c:/program files and /applications ). but when i look for programs in mint they seem to be in all different folders. is there any rhyme or reason to where things are installed?

Re: Where are programs installed

Post by abnvolk » Sun Jun 10, 2012 11:15 am

Re: Where are programs installed

Post by xenopeek » Sun Jun 10, 2012 11:32 am

As abnvolk shared, most programs that you install from the Software Manager or similar will have their executable file in /usr/bin. Most also add a menu entry. The non-executable files of programs are put into various directories depending on their purpose (like /etc for configuration files, /usr/lib for library files, and so on). To learn more about which directories generally are used for what, consult the filesystem hierarchy standard: http://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/FHS . s-2.3.html

Using the Package Manager (Synaptic) you can also look up which files were installed by a package; so there is never any doubt about which files belong to which package. You can also find out a lot from the terminal, such as «which progam» to tell you where the executable file of said program is, «dpkg -L package» to list all the files installed by a package, or «dpkg -S filename» to find which package installed a file.

But let’s conclude by why do you want to know

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Where Are Programs Installed On Linux Manuals

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Frequently Asked Questions

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Where can I get a copy of the GNU manual?

A copy of the license is included in the section entitled «GNU Free Documentation License». (a) The FSF’s Back-Cover Text is: “You have the freedom to copy and modify this GNU manual. Buying copies from the FSF supports it in developing GNU and promoting software freedom.” i Short Contents

Where can I find the Debian user manual?

Basic tutorials, tips, and other information are provided for topics including system installation, Debian package management, the Linux kernel under Debian, system tuning, building a gateway, text editors, VCS, programming, and GnuPG. Previously known as «Quick Reference». The latest XML source is available through the Git repository.

How can I install Linux side by Windows?

For installation of Linux on system where one has already Windows pre-installed, you have to create free space so that Linux can be installed side by Windows Operating System without disturbing the Windows OS. And to do this, you have to follow the procedure given below: First, right click on My Computer and Click on Manage:

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