Ms sql sqlcmd linux

Quickstart: Install SQL Server and create a database on Ubuntu

Applies to: SQL Server (all supported versions) — Linux

In this quickstart, you install SQL Server 2017 on Ubuntu 16.04/18.04. You then connect with sqlcmd to create your first database and run queries.

This tutorial requires user input and an internet connection. If you are interested in the unattended or offline installation procedures, see Installation guidance for SQL Server on Linux. For a list of supported platforms, see our Release notes.

In this quickstart, you install SQL Server 2019 on Ubuntu 16.04, 18.04, or 20.04. You then connect with sqlcmd to create your first database and run queries.

Ubuntu 20.04 is supported starting with SQL Server 2019 CU10.

This tutorial requires user input and an internet connection. If you are interested in the unattended or offline installation procedures, see Installation guidance for SQL Server on Linux. For a list of supported platforms, see our Release notes.

Prerequisites

You must have an Ubuntu 16.04 or 18.04 machine with at least 2 GB of memory.

To install Ubuntu 18.04 on your own machine, go to http://releases.ubuntu.com/bionic/. You can also create Ubuntu virtual machines in Azure. See Create and Manage Linux VMs with the Azure CLI.

At this time, the Windows Subsystem for Linux for Windows 10 is not supported as an installation target for production workloads.

Ubuntu 18.04 is supported starting with SQL Server 2017 CU20. If you want to use the instructions on this article with Ubuntu 18.04, make sure you use the correct repository path, 18.04 instead of 16.04 .

If you are running SQL Server on a lower version, the configuration is possible with modifications.

You must have an Ubuntu 16.04, 18.04, or 20.04 machine with at least 2 GB of memory.

To install Ubuntu 20.04 on your own machine, go to https://releases.ubuntu.com/20.04/. You can also create Ubuntu virtual machines in Azure. See Create and Manage Linux VMs with the Azure CLI.

At this time, the Windows Subsystem for Linux for Windows 10 is not supported as an installation target for production workloads.

Install SQL Server

The following commands for SQL Server 2017 points to the Ubuntu 18.04 repository. If you are using Ubuntu 16.04, change the path below to /ubuntu/16.04/ instead of /ubuntu/18.04/ .

To configure SQL Server on Ubuntu, run the following commands in a terminal to install the mssql-server package.

Import the public repository GPG keys:

Register the Microsoft SQL Server Ubuntu repository:

For Ubuntu 16.04:

For Ubuntu 18.04:

If you want to install SQL Server 2019 , you must instead register the SQL Server 2019 repository. Use the following command for SQL Server 2019 installations:

For Ubuntu 16.04:

For Ubuntu 18.04:

Run the following commands to install SQL Server:

After the package installation finishes, run mssql-conf setup and follow the prompts to set the SA password and choose your edition.

The following SQL Server 2017 editions are freely licensed: Evaluation, Developer, and Express.

Make sure to specify a strong password for the SA account (Minimum length 8 characters, including uppercase and lowercase letters, base 10 digits and/or non-alphanumeric symbols).

Once the configuration is done, verify that the service is running:

If you plan to connect remotely, you might also need to open the SQL Server TCP port (default 1433) on your firewall.

At this point, SQL Server is running on your Ubuntu machine and is ready to use!

Install SQL Server

The following commands for SQL Server 2019 points to the Ubuntu 20.04 repository. If you are using Ubuntu 18.04 or 16.04, change the path below to /ubuntu/18.04/ or /ubuntu/16.04/ instead of /ubuntu/20.04/ .

To configure SQL Server on Ubuntu, run the following commands in a terminal to install the mssql-server package.

Import the public repository GPG keys:

Register the Microsoft SQL Server Ubuntu repository for SQL Server 2019:

For Ubuntu 16.04:

For Ubuntu 18.04:

For Ubuntu 20.04:

Run the following commands to install SQL Server:

After the package installation finishes, run mssql-conf setup and follow the prompts to set the SA password and choose your edition.

Make sure to specify a strong password for the SA account (Minimum length 8 characters, including uppercase and lowercase letters, base 10 digits and/or non-alphanumeric symbols).

Once the configuration is done, verify that the service is running:

If you plan to connect remotely, you might also need to open the SQL Server TCP port (default 1433) on your firewall.

At this point, SQL Server 2019 is running on your Ubuntu machine and is ready to use!

Install the SQL Server command-line tools

To create a database, you need to connect with a tool that can run Transact-SQL statements on the SQL Server. The following steps install the SQL Server command-line tools: sqlcmd and bcp.

Use the following steps to install the mssql-tools on Ubuntu.

By default, curl isn’t installed on Ubuntu. To install curl, run this code:

Import the public repository GPG keys.

Register the Microsoft Ubuntu repository.

For Ubuntu 16.04:

For Ubuntu 18.04:

For Ubuntu 20.04:

Update the sources list and run the installation command with the unixODBC developer package. For more information, see Install the Microsoft ODBC driver for SQL Server (Linux).

To update to the latest version of mssql-tools run the following commands:

Optional: Add /opt/mssql-tools/bin/ to your PATH environment variable in a bash shell.

To make sqlcmd/bcp accessible from the bash shell for login sessions, modify your PATH in the

/.bash_profile file with the following command:

To make sqlcmd/bcp accessible from the bash shell for interactive/non-login sessions, modify the PATH in the

/.bashrc file with the following command:

Connect locally

The following steps use sqlcmd to locally connect to your new SQL Server instance.

Run sqlcmd with parameters for your SQL Server name (-S), the user name (-U), and the password (-P). In this tutorial, you are connecting locally, so the server name is localhost . The user name is SA and the password is the one you provided for the SA account during setup.

You can omit the password on the command line to be prompted to enter it.

If you later decide to connect remotely, specify the machine name or IP address for the -S parameter, and make sure port 1433 is open on your firewall.

If successful, you should get to a sqlcmd command prompt: 1> .

If you get a connection failure, first attempt to diagnose the problem from the error message. Then review the connection troubleshooting recommendations.

Create and query data

The following sections walk you through using sqlcmd to create a new database, add data, and run a simple query.

Create a new database

The following steps create a new database named TestDB .

From the sqlcmd command prompt, paste the following Transact-SQL command to create a test database:

On the next line, write a query to return the name of all of the databases on your server:

The previous two commands were not executed immediately. You must type GO on a new line to execute the previous commands:

To learn more about writing Transact-SQL statements and queries, see Tutorial: Writing Transact-SQL Statements.

Insert data

Next create a new table, Inventory , and insert two new rows.

From the sqlcmd command prompt, switch context to the new TestDB database:

Create new table named Inventory :

Insert data into the new table:

Type GO to execute the previous commands:

Select data

Now, run a query to return data from the Inventory table.

From the sqlcmd command prompt, enter a query that returns rows from the Inventory table where the quantity is greater than 152:

Execute the command:

Exit the sqlcmd command prompt

To end your sqlcmd session, type QUIT :

Performance best practices

After installing SQL Server on Linux, review the best practices for configuring Linux and SQL Server to improve performance for production scenarios. For more information, see Performance best practices and configuration guidelines for SQL Server on Linux.

Cross-platform data tools

In addition to sqlcmd, you can use the following cross-platform tools to manage SQL Server:

Tool	Description
Azure Data Studio	A cross-platform GUI database management utility.
Visual Studio Code	A cross-platform GUI code editor that run Transact-SQL statements with the mssql extension.
PowerShell Core	A cross-platform automation and configuration tool based on cmdlets.
mssql-cli	A cross-platform command-line interface for running Transact-SQL commands.

Connecting from Windows

SQL Server tools on Windows connect to SQL Server instances on Linux in the same way they would connect to any remote SQL Server instance.

If you have a Windows machine that can connect to your Linux machine, try the same steps in this topic from a Windows command-prompt running sqlcmd. Just verify that you use the target Linux machine name or IP address rather than localhost, and make sure that TCP port 1433 is open. If you have any problems connecting from Windows, see connection troubleshooting recommendations.

For other tools that run on Windows but connect to SQL Server on Linux, see:

Other deployment scenarios

For other installation scenarios, see the following resources:

• Upgrade: Learn how to upgrade an existing installation of SQL Server on Linux
• Uninstall: Uninstall SQL Server on Linux
• Unattended install: Learn how to script the installation without prompts
• Offline install: Learn how to manually download the packages for offline installation

For answers to frequently asked questions, see the SQL Server on Linux FAQ.

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Установка и запуск MS SQL на Linux Ubuntu

MS SQL также может быть установлен на сервер под управлением Linux. В данной инструкции мы рассмотрим процесс его развертывания на Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.

Установка MS SQL

В репозиториях Ubuntu нет сервера MS SQL. Для начала импортируем GPG-ключ для репозитория:

wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | apt-key add —

Мы должны увидеть OK.

Теперь переходим на страницу с репозиториями для Ubuntu от Microsoft и переходим в каталог с нужной версией системы (в нашем примере, 16.04). После этого копируем ссылку на желаемую версию MS SQL:

С помощью скопированной ссылки устанавливаем репозиторий на сервер:

add-apt-repository «$(wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/16.04/mssql-server-2019.list)»

* где https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/16.04/mssql-server-2019.list — скопированная нами ссылка.

Теперь обновляем список пакетов:

. и устанавливаем ms sql server:

apt-get install mssql-server

Запускаем скрипт начального конфигурирования сервера:

1) Скрипт запросит выбрать редакцию — выбираем необходимую, например, express:

Укажите свой выпуск(1-8): 3

2) Принимаем лицензионное соглашение:

Вы принимаете условия лицензии? [Yes/No]: Yes

3) Выбираем язык, например, русский:

Введите параметр от 1 до 11: 9

4) Дважды вводим пароль для учетной записи администратора ms sql:

Введите пароль системного администратора SQL Server:
Подтвердите пароль системного администратора SQL Server:

Проверяем, что сервер запустился:

systemctl status mssql-server

Разрешаем автозапуск сервера:

systemctl enable mssql-server

Установка средств управления MS SQL

sqlcmd client

Инструмент для подключения к СУБД, по умолчанию, не устанавливается с сервером. Также для его установки используется другой репозиторий, нежели чем для самого ms sql. Итак, импортируем ключи GPG:

curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | apt-key add —

Переходим на вышеупомянутую страницу с репозиториями, выбираем версию нужного Ubuntu и копируем ссылку на prod.list:

С помощью скопированной ссылки устанавливаем репозиторий:

curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/16.04/prod.list | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/msprod.list

Обновляем список пакетов и устанавливаем утилиту для работы с sql:

apt-get install mssql-tools

В процессе установки система задаст вопрос, принимаем ли мы лицензионное соглашение — отвечаем утвердительно:

Готово. Теперь, чтобы не приходилось каждый раз писать полный путь до исполняемого файла, вводим команды:

echo ‘export PATH=»$PATH:/opt/mssql-tools/bin»‘ >>

Пробуем подключиться к серверу:

sqlcmd -S localhost -U SA

* где localhost — локальный сервер; SA — встроенная учетная запись суперпользователя.

Если при попытке подключиться к SQL мы получаем ошибку «sqlcmd: error: microsoft odbc driver 17 for sql server . », необходимо убедиться в том, что сервис работает (команда systemctl status mssql-server), а также необходимо убедиться, что сервер сконфигурирован (команда /opt/mssql/bin/mssql-conf setup).

Пробуем получить список баз данных:

> SELECT name FROM master.dbo.sysdatabases

Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio

Также, для подключения к серверу на Linux мы можем использовать среду управления Management Studio. При подключении необходимо просто прописать адрес сервера с Ubuntu и пароль для пользователя sa:

Если мы используем брандмауэр, необходимо добавить правило для порта 1433:

iptables -I INPUT 1 -p tcp —dport 1433 -j ACCEPT

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