create partition msr

Applies to: Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel), Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows Server 2012

Creates a Microsoft Reserved (MSR) partition on a GUID partition table (gpt) disk. A Microsoft Reserved partition is required on every gpt disk. The size of this partition depends on the total size of the gpt disk. The size of the gpt disk must be at least 32 MB to create a Microsoft Reserved partition.

Be very careful when using this command. Because gpt disks require a specific partition layout, creating Microsoft Reserved partitions can cause the disk to become unreadable.

A basic gpt disk must be selected for this operation to succeed. You must use the select disk command to select a basic gpt disk and shift the focus to it.

Syntax

Parameters

Parameter	Description
size=	The size of the partition in megabytes (MB). The partition is at least as long in bytes as the number specified by . If no size is given, the partition continues until there is no more free space in the current region.
offset=	Specifies the offset in kilobytes (KB), at which the partition is created. The offset rounds up to completely fill whatever sector size is used. If no offset is given, the partition is placed in the first disk extent that is large enough to hold it.
noerr	For scripting only. When an error is encountered, DiskPart continues to process commands as if the error did not occur. Without this parameter, an error causes DiskPart to exit with an error code.

Remarks

On gpt disks that are used to boot the Windows operating system, the Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) system partition is the first partition on the disk, followed by the Microsoft Reserved partition. gpt disks that are used only for data storage do not have an EFI system partition, in which case the Microsoft Reserved partition is the first partition.

Windows doesn’t mount Microsoft Reserved partitions. You cannot store data on them and you cannot delete them.

Examples

To create a Microsoft Reserved partition of 1000 megabytes in size, type:

create partition msr create partition msr

Область применения: Windows Server (половина ежегодного канала), Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows Server 2012 Applies to: Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel), Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows Server 2012

Создает MSR-раздел на диске с таблицей разделов GUID (GPT). Creates a Microsoft Reserved (MSR) partition on a GUID partition table (gpt) disk. Для каждого диска GPT требуется зарезервированный раздел Майкрософт. A Microsoft Reserved partition is required on every gpt disk. Размер этой секции зависит от общего размера диска GPT. The size of this partition depends on the total size of the gpt disk. Для создания резервного раздела Майкрософт размер диска GPT должен составлять не менее 32 МБ. The size of the gpt disk must be at least 32 MB to create a Microsoft Reserved partition.

Будьте внимательны при использовании этой команды. Be very careful when using this command. Поскольку диски GPT нуждаются в определенной структуре разделов, создание зарезервированных разделов Майкрософт может привести к тому, что диск станет нечитаемым. Because gpt disks require a specific partition layout, creating Microsoft Reserved partitions can cause the disk to become unreadable.

Для выполнения этой операции необходимо выбрать базовый диск GPT. A basic gpt disk must be selected for this operation to succeed. Для выбора базового диска GPT и перемещения фокуса на него необходимо использовать команду Выбор диска . You must use the select disk command to select a basic gpt disk and shift the focus to it.

Синтаксис Syntax

Параметры Parameters

Параметр Parameter	Описание Description
Размер = size=	Размер раздела в мегабайтах (МБ). The size of the partition in megabytes (MB). Размер секции не меньше, чем в байтах, как указано в . The partition is at least as long in bytes as the number specified by . Если размер не указан, раздел будет продолжаться до тех пор, пока в текущем регионе не останется свободного места. If no size is given, the partition continues until there is no more free space in the current region.
offset = offset=	Задает смещение в килобайтах (КБ), в котором создается секция. Specifies the offset in kilobytes (KB), at which the partition is created. Смещение округляется до полного заполнения любого размера сектора. The offset rounds up to completely fill whatever sector size is used. Если смещение не задано, раздел помещается в первый экстент диска, достаточно большой для его хранения. If no offset is given, the partition is placed in the first disk extent that is large enough to hold it.
Noerr noerr	Только для сценариев. For scripting only. При возникновении ошибки DiskPart продолжит обрабатывать команды, как если бы ошибка не возникала. When an error is encountered, DiskPart continues to process commands as if the error did not occur. Без этого параметра ошибка приводит к выходу из программы DiskPart с кодом ошибки. Without this parameter, an error causes DiskPart to exit with an error code.

Комментарии Remarks

На дисках GPT, которые используются для загрузки операционной системы Windows, системный раздел EFI — это первый раздел на диске, за которым следует зарезервированный раздел Майкрософт. On gpt disks that are used to boot the Windows operating system, the Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) system partition is the first partition on the disk, followed by the Microsoft Reserved partition. диски GPT, используемые только для хранения данных, не имеют системного раздела EFI. в этом случае зарезервированный раздел Майкрософт является первой секцией. gpt disks that are used only for data storage do not have an EFI system partition, in which case the Microsoft Reserved partition is the first partition.

Windows не подключает зарезервированные разделы Майкрософт. Windows doesn’t mount Microsoft Reserved partitions. Вы не можете хранить данные на них и удалять их. You cannot store data on them and you cannot delete them.

Примеры Examples

Чтобы создать зарезервированный раздел Майкрософт размером 1000 МБ, введите: To create a Microsoft Reserved partition of 1000 megabytes in size, type:

Переустановка Windows 10, разделы дисков ESP, MSR, Recovery

Здравствуйте, выполняю чистую установку Windows 10, в окне с вопросом «Где вы хотите установить Windows?» вижу разделы дисков:

Мне не нужны никакие данные на дисках, я собирался полностью удалить все разделы и создать заново, как и делал раньше на другом ПК. Однако на этом ноутбуке я вижу новые для себя разделы ESP и MSR, а также Recovery. Попытался найти по-быстрому информацию о них, чёткого ответа не нашёл, можно ли их трогать, мне кажется нельзя.

Потому лучше спрошу тут: могу ли я удалять/форматировать эти разделы? Если могу, надо ли их мне потом восстанавливать и как?

Кликните по разделу «Диск 1 Раздел 1» левой кнопкой мыши, в нижней части окна выберите «Удалить», подтвердите выбор.

Аналогично удалите «Диск 1 Раздел 2», «Диск 1 Раздел 3», «Диск 1 Раздел 4».

На диске 1 у Вас будет одно «Не распределённое пространство». Кликните по нему левой кнопкой мыши и в нижней части окна кликните «Создать», система предложит Вам размер, согласитесь, затем система предложит создать нужные ей разделы, снова согласитесь. Когда разделы будут созданы, продолжите установку.

Раздел 1 на диске 0, останется цел, после установки системы, если информация на нём не нужна, его можно будет отформатировать.

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UEFI/GPT-based hard drive partitions

Create custom partition layouts for your hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and other drives when deploying Windows to Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)–based devices.

If you use a custom partition layout on WindowsВ 10 for desktop editions (Home, Pro, Enterprise, and Education), update the push-button recovery script so the recovery tools can recreate the custom partition layout when needed.

Partition Requirements

When you deploy Windows to a UEFI-based device, you must format the hard drive that includes the Windows partition by using a GUID partition table (GPT) file system. Additional drives may use either the GPT or the master boot record (MBR) file format.

A GPT drive may have up to 128 partitions.

Each partition can have a maximum of 18 exabytes (

18.8 million terabytes) of space.

System partition

The device must contain a system partition. On GPT drives, this is known as the EFI System Partition, or the ESP. This partition is usually stored on the primary hard drive. The device boots to this partition.

The minimum size of this partition is 100 MB, and must be formatted using the FAT32 file format.

This partition is managed by the operating system, and should not contain any other files, including Windows RE tools.

For Advanced Format 4K Native drives (4-KB-per-sector) drives, the minimum size is 260 MB, due to a limitation of the FAT32 file format. The minimum partition size of FAT32 drives is calculated as sector size (4KB) x 65527 = 256 MB.

Advanced Format 512e drives are not affected by this limitation, because their emulated sector size is 512 bytes. 512 bytes x 65527 = 32 MB, which is less than the 100 MB minimum size for this partition.

Microsoft reserved partition (MSR)

In WindowsВ 10, the size of the MSR is 16 MB.

Add an MSR to each GPT drive to help with partition management. The MSR is a reserved partition that does not receive a partition ID. It cannot store user data.

Other utility partitions

Any other utility partitions not managed by Windows must be located before the Windows, data, and recovery image partitions. This allows end users to perform actions such as resizing the Windows partition without affecting system utilities.

Protect end users from accidentally modifying utility partitions by identifying them using a GPT attribute. This prevents these partitions from appearing in File Explorer.

To set partitions as utility partitions

• When you’re deploying Windows by using DiskPart, use the attributes volume set GPT_ATTRIBUTE_PLATFORM_REQUIRED command after you create the partition to identify the partition as a utility partition. For more information, see the MSDN topic: PARTITION_INFORMATION_GPT structure.

To verify that system and utility partitions exist

1. Click Start, right-click This PC, and then click Manage. The Computer Management window opens.
2. Click Disk Management. The list of available drives and partitions appears.
3. In the list of drives and partitions, confirm that the system and utility partitions are present and are not assigned a drive letter.

Windows partition

• The partition must have at least 20 gigabytes (GB) of drive space for 64-bit versions, or 16 GB for 32-bit versions.
• The Windows partition must be formatted using the NTFS file format.
• The Windows partition must have 16 GB of free space after the user has completed the Out Of Box Experience (OOBE) and Automatic Maintenance has completed.

Recovery tools partition

This partition must be at least 300 MB.

The Windows Recovery Environment (Windows RE) tools require additional free space:

• A minimum of 52 MB is required but 250 MB is recommended, to accomodate future updates, especially with custom partition layouts.

When calculating free space, note:

• The recovery image, winre.wim, is typically between 250-300MB, depending on what drivers, languages, and customizations you add.
• The file system itself can take up additional space. For example, NTFS may reserve 5-15MB or more on a 750MB partition.

This partition must use the Type ID: DE94BBA4-06D1-4D40-A16A-BFD50179D6AC.

The recovery tools should be in a separate partition than the Windows partition to support automatic failover and to support booting partitions encrypted with WindowsВ BitLocker Drive Encryption.

We recommend that you place this partition immediately after the Windows partition. This allows Windows to modify and recreate the partition later if future updates require a larger recovery image.

Data partitions

The recommended partition layout for WindowsВ 10 does not include data partitions. However, if data partitions are required, they should be placed after the Windows RE partition. This allows future updates to Windows RE to grow the Windows RE partition by shrinking the Windows partition.

This layout makes it more difficult for end users to remove the data partition and merge the space with the Windows partition. To do so, the Windows RE partition must be moved to the end of the unused space reclaimed from the data partition, so that the Windows partition can be extended.

WindowsВ 10 does not include functionality or utility to facilitate this process. However, manufacturers can develop and provide such a utility if PCs are shipped with data partitions.

Partition layout

The default partition layout for UEFI-based PCs is: a system partition, an MSR, a Windows partition, and a recovery tools partition.

This layout lets you use WindowsВ BitLocker Drive Encryption through both Windows and through the Windows Recovery Environment.

Sample files: configure drive partitions by using WindowsВ PE and DiskPart scripts

For image-based deployment, boot the PC to Windows PE, and then use the DiskPart tool to create the partition structures on your destination PCs.

In these DiskPart examples, the partitions are assigned the letters: System=S, Windows=W, and Recovery=R. The MSR partition does not receive a drive letter.

Change the Windows drive letter to a letter that’s near the end of the alphabet, such as W, to avoid drive letter conflicts. Do not use X, because this drive letter is reserved for Windows PE. After the device reboots, the Windows partition is assigned the letter C, and the other partitions don’t receive drive letters.

If you reboot, WindowsВ PE reassigns disk letters alphabetically, starting with the letter C, without regard to the configuration in Windows Setup. This configuration can change based on the presence of different drives, such as USB flash drives.

The following steps describe how to partition your hard drives and prepare to apply images. You can use the code in the sections that follow to complete these steps.

To partition hard drives and prepare to apply images

Copy and save the CreatePartitions-UEFI.txt file to a USB flash drive.

Use WindowsВ PE to boot the destination PC.

Clean and partition the drive. In this example, F is the letter of the USB flash drive.

1. If you use a custom partition layout on WindowsВ 10 for desktop editions, update the push-button recovery script so the recovery tools can recreate the custom partition layout when needed.

To avoid bare metal recovery boot issues due to partition size, manufacturers should allow the bare metal recovery feature’s auto generation script to create the partition used for the recovery WIM. If manufacturer’s want to use a custom DISKPART script to create partitions, the recommended minimum partition size is 990MB with a minimum of 250MB of free space.

Next steps

Use a deployment script to apply the Windows images on the newly created partitions. For more information, see Capture and Apply Windows, System, and Recovery Partitions.