Network recovery mac os

How to reinstall macOS

Use macOS Recovery to reinstall the Mac operating system.

Start up from macOS Recovery

Apple silicon

Turn on your Mac and continue to press and hold the power button until you see the startup options window. Click the gear icon labeled Options, then click Continue.

Intel processor

Make sure that your Mac has a connection to the internet. Then turn on your Mac and immediately press and hold Command (⌘)-R until you see an Apple logo or other image.

If you’re asked to select a user you know the password for, select the user, click Next, then enter their administrator password.

Reinstall macOS

Select Reinstall macOS from the utilities window in macOS Recovery, then click Continue and follow the onscreen instructions.

Follow these guidelines during installation:

• If the installer asks to unlock your disk, enter the password you use to log in to your Mac.
• If the installer doesn’t see your disk, or it says that it can’t install on your computer or volume, you might need to erase your disk first.
• If the installer offers you the choice between installing on Macintosh HD or Macintosh HD — Data, choose Macintosh HD.
• Allow installation to complete without putting your Mac to sleep or closing its lid. Your Mac might restart and show a progress bar several times, and the screen might be empty for minutes at a time.

After installation is complete, your Mac might restart to a setup assistant. If you’re selling, trading in, or giving away your Mac, press Command-Q to quit the assistant without completing setup. Then click Shut Down. When the new owner starts up the Mac, they can use their own information to complete setup.

Other macOS installation options

When you install macOS from Recovery, you get the current version of the most recently installed macOS, with some exceptions:

• On an Intel-based Mac: If you use Shift-Option-Command-R during startup, you’re offered the macOS that came with your Mac, or the closest version still available. If you use Option-Command-R during startup, in most cases you’re offered the latest macOS that is compatible with your Mac. Otherwise you’re offered the macOS that came with your Mac, or the closest version still available.
• If the Mac logic board was just replaced, you may be offered only the latest macOS that is compatible with your Mac. If you just erased your entire startup disk, you may be offered only the macOS that came with your Mac, or the closest version still available.

You can also use these methods to install macOS, if the macOS is compatible with your Mac:

• Use the App Store to download and install the latest macOS.
• Use the App Store or a web browser to download and install an earlier macOS.
• Use a USB flash drive or other secondary volume to create a bootable installer.

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How to start up your Mac in Internet Recovery Mode

In addition to the startup volume which holds a bootable copy of the operating system along with your applications and data, your Mac’s disk contains a hidden recovery partition that you can boot from in order to reinstall macOS, perform a quick check of connected disks and more.

But what if the recovery partition gets damaged, for instance? Enter Internet Recovery Mode, an Internet-based version of Recovery Mode found on newer Macs, which loads recovery tools from Apple’s servers.

With Internet Recovery Mode, you can reinstall macOS and troubleshoot issues in the unfortunate scenario of your Mac’s startup disk having become corrupted or completely unreadable. In this tutorial, you’ll learn everything there is about Internet Recovery Mode and how to use it to your advantage if your disk encounters an issue or the startup drive has been replaced or erased.

The difference between standard Recovery and Internet Recovery

Your Mac’s recovery partition contains an up-to-date copy of the macOS installer so booting in Recovery Mode lets you reinstall the most recent version of macOS.

However, Internet Recovery Mode allows you to reinstall the macOS version that was factory-preloaded on your Mac at the time of purchase. You should use Internet Recovery if your Mac’s internal disk is damaged or you’ve replaced it with a faster, more capacious model and you’ve forgotten to create a bootable version of El Capitan on USB media.

To sum up, in Recovery Mode you can install or reinstall the most recent version of macOS that was previously present on this computer. Internet Recovery, on the other hand, will download the version of macOS that originally came with your computer, which in most cases won’t be the most up-to-date macOS version available. In addition, Internet Recovery will automatically run a quick test of the Mac’s memory and disks to check for hardware issues.

Things you can do in Internet Recovery Mode

Like standard Recovery Mode, Internet Recovery Mode lets you:

If both your Mac’s startup volume and its recovery partition have become corrupted or physically damaged, the computer will automatically enter Internet Recovery Mode.

How to enter Internet Recovery Mode

To enter this mode at any time, do the following:

1) In the Apple menu, choose Restart or power on your Mac.

2) As the computer restarts, hold down the Command – Option – R combination immediately upon hearing the startup chime.

Hold the keys until the animated globe appears on the screen. “Starting Internet Recovery,” the message reads. ”This may take a while.”

Tip: If you own a Mac notebook, make sure you’re using the built-in keyboard to enter Internet Recovery Mode as the keystroke may not register on external keyboards.

3) In the next step, a Wi-Fi menu appears. Internet Recovery needs an Internet connection to load the recovery tools from Apple’s servers. Click the menu to display the available Wi-Fi networks, and then select one to connect to.

Tip: If you’re using an Ethernet connection, you don’t have to connect to a Wi-Fi network during Internet Recovery.

4) If this isn’t an open Wi-Fi network, you’ll have to type in your password. Press Enter on the keyboard or click the checkmark symbol to continue.

5) After your Mac has connected to the Wi-Fi network, it’ll download a recovery system image from Apple’s servers and start from it, giving you access to the recovery tools.

Depending on your Internet connection, this may take anywhere from a couple of minutes to up to an hour, or longer. Connect your Mac to the power adapter so that it doesn’t run out of juice whilst it’s loading Internet Recovery from Apple’s servers.

6) If all goes well, you’ll see the macOS Utilities window.

Choose the option you want to use in this window or via the Utilities menu.

The recovery tools let you:

• Reinstall the version of macOS that originally came with your Mac
• Restore the computer from a Time Machine backup
• Check the connected disks for errors with Disk Utility
• Search for help online using Safari

Internet Recovery Mode requirements

“Some Macs that came with OS X Snow Leopard can use Internet Recovery after installing OS X Lion or later and a firmware update,” notes Apple.

If your Mac is one of the models listed below, or older, you may upgrade it to use macOS Internet Recovery by downloading and installing an updated EFI Firmware ROM:

• MacBook Pro (13-inch, 15-inch, 17-inch, Early 2011)
• iMac (21.5-inch, Mid 2011)
• iMac (27-inch, Mid 2011)
• MacBook (13-inch, Mid 2010)
• MacBook Pro (13-inch, Mid 2010)
• Mac mini (Mid 2010)
• MacBook Pro (15-inch and 17-inch, Mid 2010)
• iMac (21.5-inch and 27-inch, Mid 2010)
• MacBook Air (11-inch and 13-inch, Late 2010)

Newer machines running at least OS X Lion support Internet Recovery out of the box.

Requirements for installing macOS in Recovery Mode

After entering Internet Recovery Mode and choosing to install or reinstall macOS, your Mac will need to download the installer for the version of macOS that came preloaded on your Mac when you took it out of the box.

If OS X Recovery is used for reinstallation, your Mac must use DHCP on a Wi-Fi or Ethernet network and WPA/WPA2 as a security method on Wi-Fi.

You cannot reinstall macOS over a Wi-Fi or Ethernet network that uses the following authentication protocols:

• WEP
• WPA-Enterprise
• Certificate-based authentication / 802.1x
• Proxies (where specific proxy servers must be configured in network preferences)
• Captive Wi-Fi networks (where you click an “Agree” button to access the Internet)
• PPPoE (where there is no router handling the PPPoE connection)

The network requirements listed above also apply to the version of Safari that comes with macOS’ Internet Recovery and standard Recovery Mode.

If your Internet connection has requirements that are unsupported by macOS Recovery, change the settings to a supported configuration for the duration of the macOS installation.

What to do when Internet Recovery is unavailable

If the recovery partition on your Mac has been damaged and you cannot enter standard Recovery Mode and Internet Recovery is unavailable, you can still start the computer from an external drive with a bootable version of OS X.

We highly recommend creating a bootable copy of the macOS installer on a USB thumb drive. You can use it to install macOS on multiple Macs without needing to re-download the installer on each machine.

Just plug a USB flash drive containing an macOS installer into your Mac. Then restart the computer, and hold down the Option key after hearing the startup chime.

This will bring up the Startup Manager, so you can start up your Mac from any connected drive or external storage device that has a bootable copy of macOS on it.

Finally, some drive partition configurations can result in macOS’ installer reporting that it cannot create a recovery partition for Recovery Mode. If you see this message, quit the installer and install macOS on an external drive connected to your Mac.

This will put a recovery partition on the external disk. You can continue installing macOS on the startup drive after creating a recovery system on an external drive.

You cannot use macOS’ FileVault disk encryption unless the recovery partition is present on the startup drive. Also, using RAID partitions or non-standard Boot Camp partitions on the startup drive might prevent macOS from installing a local recovery partition.

Related tutorials

Check out these resources that cover a myriad of ways you can start up your Mac:

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3 способа загрузки macOS, которые пригодятся при обновлении системы

Если после презентации WWDC 21 и нашего рассказа о первых впечатлениях от новой macOS Monterey вы решили лично проверить все 50 фишек системы, рекомендуем вспомнить полезные режимы загрузки компьютера Mac.

Если что-то пойдет не по плану и придется переустанавливать macOS, вам пригодятся такие режимы.

📌 Спасибо re:Store за полезную информацию. 👌

1. Режим восстановления

Самый простой и действенный способ восстановить компьютер Mac в случае неудачной установки системы.

Mac загрузится из защищенной от перезаписи области и предложит на выбор несколько доступных действий. В таком режиме получится:

запустить дисковую утилиту для форматирования или разбивки диска на разделы;
установить/переустановить текущую версию macOS;
восстановить компьютер из резервной копии Time Machine;
получить доступ к сайту поддержки Apple.

Для того, чтобы загрузиться в данном режиме, в момент запуска Mac зажмите сочетание клавиш Command (⌘) + R.

2. Режим восстановления по сети

Данный режим является практически полной копией предыдущего и предоставляет аналогичные возможности. Разница лишь в том, что в этом режиме все недостающие данные будут загружены с серверов Apple.

Так восстановление будет происходить дольше, но получится оживить Mac даже с “затертой” загрузочной областью. На выбор будут доступны те же действия: восстановление из копии, переустановка системы и дисковая утилита.

Еще в таком режиме получится установить только самую актуальную версию системы для вашего Mac. Например, при загрузке после установки beta-версии macOS Monterey или со старой версии macOS Mojave будет предложена установка последней версии macOS Big Sur.

Для загрузки в режиме сетевого восстановления при запуске Mac зажмите Command (⌘) + Option (⌥) + R.

3. Режим восстановления по сети до “родной” версии macOS

Этот режим работает так же, как предыдущий, но после загрузки всех необходимых данных будет предложена переустановка системы на ту, с которой продавался данный компьютер.

Если, например, используете Mac mini 2018 года, в таком режиме восстановления будет предложено установить macOS Mojave.

Это отличный способ привести Mac к состоянию из коробки перед продажей или передачей другому человеку. А еще так можно быстро сделать даунгрейд системы и буквально оживить старый Mac.

Для загрузки в таком режиме используйте сочетание клавиш: Command (⌘) + Option (⌥) + Shift (⇧) + R.

Безусловно, это не все способы загрузки macOS. Есть и другие полезные варианты запуска компьютера, о которых мы рассказывали в отдельной статье. А на новых Mac с процессорами M1 работают немного другие комбинации клавиш.

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