- Исправление ошибки «Missing operating system» в Windows 7
- Причины ошибки и способы решения
- Способ 1: Устранение аппаратных неисправностей
- Способ 2: Проверка диска на ошибки
- Способ 3: Восстановление загрузочной записи
- Способ 4: Исправление повреждения системных файлов
- Способ 5: Настройки BIOS
- Способ 6: Восстановление и переустановка системы
- How to repair the operating system and how to restore the operating system configuration to an earlier point in time in Windows Vista
- INTRODUCTION
- More Information
- The System File Checker tool
- The System Restore tool
- References
- Windows 7 Recovery Disk: Operating System Isn’t Found
- Replies (14)
Исправление ошибки «Missing operating system» в Windows 7
Одной из ошибок, которая теоретически может возникнуть при попытке включить компьютер, является «Missing operating system». Её особенностью является как раз то, что при наличии такой неисправности вы даже не сможете запустить систему. Давайте выясним, что делать, если при активации ПК на Windows 7 вы столкнулись с вышеуказанной проблемой.
Причины ошибки и способы решения
Причиной возникновения указанной ошибки является тот факт, что BIOS компьютера не может отыскать Виндовс. Сообщение «Missing operating system» так и переводится на русский язык: «Отсутствует операционная система». Эта проблема может иметь как аппаратный (поломка оборудования), так и программный характер. Основные факторы возникновения:
- Повреждение ОС;
- Поломка винчестера;
- Отсутствие соединения между винчестером и остальными компонентами системного блока;
- Неправильная настройка BIOS;
- Повреждение загрузочной записи;
- Отсутствие операционной системы на жестком диске.
Естественно, что каждая из вышеуказанных причин имеет собственную группу методов устранения. Далее мы подробно поговорим о них.
Способ 1: Устранение аппаратных неисправностей
Как было уже сказано выше, аппаратные неисправности могут быть вызваны отсутствием соединения между жестким диском и остальными составляющими компьютера либо же поломкой, собственно, винчестера.
Прежде всего, чтобы исключить вероятность аппаратного фактора, проверьте правильность подсоединения шлейфа винчестера к обоим разъемам (на жестком диске и на материнской плате). Также проверьте кабель электропитания. Если соединение недостаточно плотное, то необходимо устранить этот недостаток. Если вы убедились, что соединения подогнаны плотно, попробуйте сменить кабель и шлейф. Возможно, повреждение непосредственно в них. Например, вы можете временно перекинуть кабель электропитания с дисковода на винчестер, чтобы проверить его работоспособность.
Но бывают повреждения и в самом винчестере. В этом случае его требуется заменить или отремонтировать. Ремонт жесткого диска, если у вас нет соответствующих технических знаний, лучше доверить профессионалу.
Способ 2: Проверка диска на ошибки
Жесткий диск может иметь не только физические повреждения, но и логические ошибки, что и вызывает проблему «Missing operating system». В этом случае с неполадкой можно разобраться, используя программные методы. Но учитывая, что система не запускается, потребуется предварительно подготовиться, вооружившись LiveCD (LiveUSB) либо установочной флешкой или диском.
- При запуске через установочный диск или флешку перейдите в среду восстановления, щелкнув по надписи «Восстановить систему».
В запустившейся среде восстановления в перечне вариантов выберите «Командная строка» и нажимайте Enter.
Если для загрузки вы используете LiveCD или LiveUSB, то в этом случае запуск «Командной строки» практически ничем не отличается от её стандартной активации в Windows 7.
Урок: Запускаем «Командную строку» в Виндовс 7
В открывшийся интерфейс введите команду:
Далее произведите нажатие по кнопке Enter.
Способ 3: Восстановление загрузочной записи
Причиной возникновения ошибки «Missing operating system» может быть также повреждение или отсутствие загрузчика (MBR). В этом случае требуется восстановить загрузочную запись. Эта операция, как и предыдущая, выполняется с помощью введения команды в «Командную строку».
- Запустите «Командную строку» одним из тех вариантов действий, которые были описаны в Способе 2. Вбейте выражение:
Далее применяйте Enter. Будет произведена перезапись MBR в первый загрузочный сектор.
Затем введите эту команду:
Снова произведите нажатие Enter. На этот раз будет создан новый загрузочный сектор.
Теперь можно завершать работу с утилитой Bootrec. Для этого просто напишите:
И, как обычно, нажмите Enter.
Способ 4: Исправление повреждения системных файлов
Причиной описываемой нами ошибки может быть критическое повреждение системных файлов. В таком случае необходимо выполнить специальную проверку и при обнаружении нарушений произвести процедуру восстановления. Все указанные действия также выполняются через «Командную строку», которую следует запустить в среде восстановления или через Live CD/USB.
- После запуска «Командной строки» введите в неё команду по следующему шаблону:
sfc /scannow /offwindir=адрес_папки_с_Виндовс\
Вместо выражения «адрес_папки_с_Виндовс» нужно указать полный путь к каталогу, где содержится Windows, которую следует проверить на наличие поврежденных файлов. После ввода выражения жмите Enter.
Способ 5: Настройки BIOS
Ошибка, которую мы описываем в данном уроке. Может также возникнуть из-за неправильной настройки BIOS (Setup). В таком случае необходимо внести соответствующие изменения в параметры этого системного ПО.
- Для того чтобы войти в BIOS, нужно сразу же вслед за включением ПК, после того как вы услышите характерный сигнал, зажать определенную кнопку на клавиатуре. Чаще всего это клавиши F2, Del или F10. Но в зависимости от версии БИОС могут быть также F1, F3, F12, Esc или комбинации Ctrl+Alt+Ins либо Ctrl+Alt+Esc. Информация о том, какую именно кнопку нужно нажать, как правило, отображается внизу экрана при включении ПК.
У ноутбуков часто встречается отдельная кнопка на корпусе для перехода в БИОС.
После этого откроется BIOS. Дальнейший алгоритм операций очень сильно отличается в зависимости от версии этого системного ПО, а версий довольно много. Поэтому подробное описание дать не получится, а только указать общий план действий. Нужно перейти в тот раздел БИОС, где указывается порядок загрузки. В большинстве версий BIOS данный раздел называется «Boot». Далее необходимо переместить то устройство, с которого вы пытаетесь загрузиться, на первое место в порядке загрузки.
Способ 6: Восстановление и переустановка системы
Если ни один из указанных способов исправления проблемы не помог, стоит задуматься о том, что, возможно, операционная система действительно отсутствует на жестком диске или том носителе, с которого вы пытаетесь запустить компьютер. Такое может случиться по очень разным причинам: возможно, ОС никогда на нем не находилась, а может, была удалена, например, вследствие форматирования девайса.
В этом случае, если у вас имеется резервная копия ОС, можно произвести её восстановление. Если же вы не позаботились заранее о создании такой копии, придется выполнять установку системы «с нуля».
Существует несколько причин, по которым при запуске компьютера на Виндовс 7 отображается сообщение «BOOTMGR is missing». В зависимости от фактора, который вызывает данную ошибку, имеются свои способы устранения проблемы. Самыми радикальными вариантами действий являются полная переустановка ОС и замена винчестера.
How to repair the operating system and how to restore the operating system configuration to an earlier point in time in Windows Vista
INTRODUCTION
This article discusses how to repair the operating system and how to restore the operating system configuration to an earlier point in time in Windows Vista. It describes how to use the System File Checker tool to scan and replace system files in scenarios where you are troubleshooting an issue in Windows Vista. It also discusses how to use the System Restore tool to restore the operating system configuration to an earlier point in time.
More Information
The System File Checker tool
To determine whether the issue that you are experiencing is caused by one or more system files that are used by Windows Vista, run the System File Checker tool. The System File Checker tool scans system files and replaces incorrect versions of the system files by using the correct versions.
To run the System File Checker tool, follow these steps:
Click Start, and then type cmd in the Start Search box.
Right-click cmd in the Programs list, and then click Run as administrator.
If you are prompted for an administrator password or confirmation, type your password or click Continue
At the command prompt, the following line, and then press ENTER:
When the scan is complete, test to see whether the issue that you are experiencing is resolved. If the issue that you are experiencing is not resolved, use the procedure that is described in the «The System Restore tool» section.
The System Restore tool
Other troubleshooting methods, such as using the System File Checker tool, may not resolve the issue. If they do not resolve the issue, and the issue that you are experiencing started occurring recently, you can use the System Restore tool. By using this tool, you can restore the computer to an earlier point in time.
Using the System Restore tool may not necessarily help you determine the issue. The System Restore tool uses restore points to return system files and settings to an earlier point in time. You can use it to restore the operating system to a point in time in which you did not experience the issue. When you use System Restore to restore the computer to a previous state, programs and updates that you installed are removed.
To restore the operating system to an earlier point in time, follow these steps:
Click Start, type system restore in the Start Search box, and then click System Restore in the Programs list.
If you are prompted for an administrator password or confirmation, type your password or click Continue.
In the System Restore dialog box, click Choose a different restore point, and then click Next.
In the list of restore points, click a restore point that was created before you began to experience the issue, and then click Next.
The computer restarts, and the system files and settings are returned to the state that they were in at the time that the restore point was created.
References
For more information about System Restore in Windows Vista, visit the following Microsoft Web site:
Windows 7 Recovery Disk: Operating System Isn’t Found
I created a Windows 7 Recovery Disk. in case I ever need one.
I tested the disk and it said it couldn’t see my operating system.
Why is that occurring? My system boots perfectly.
Obviously I googled it and checked around. 10’s of thousands of hits. nobody knows why this happens. They usually give up and use an install disk.
A lot of times they think the boot sector is corrupted — but it isn’t and it certainly works on my PC.
Anybody know the answer to this 10 year old mystery?
Kind of useless to have Recovery Disks that can’t ever see the operating system.
Replies (14)
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You may click on next and choose the image in order to restore.
Backup and Restore
Back up and restore: frequently asked questions
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I have scoured the internet — but, no one knows why the operating system is not in the list box.
Do you know why the operating system is not listed in the list box?
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Thank you for keeping us updated about the issue.
I really appreciate your efforts towards resolving the issue.
In accordance to your screenshot, the System Recovery options list the operating systems that are to be recovered from the Hard Disk Drive (HDD) or in other way, restored from an image in the HDD.
On the other hand, the recovery disc is used to restore the image of the Operating System when booted from the disc, i.e., in a no boot situation (or in a bootable situation), you have to boot from the disc to recover from the image stored in the disc. So, you won’t find the operating system listed in the System Recovery options if you are recovering an image from the disc. Also, when you are restoring the image from the disc, you may have to change the priority order of bootable media to Recovery disc (CD/DVD), so as to boot from the disc.
I hope this information is helpful. Please get back to us if you need further assistance, we will be glad to assist you.
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I am thoroughly familiar with the way System Restore, Recovery and Repair works. I need no information in regard to those procedures.
Why is my Windows 7 operating system (which operates perfectly) not listed in the operating system list-box of the System Recovery Options dialog box? It appears that this function has never worked correctly and has been confusing people for many years.
By the way. I believe your statement:
«So, you won’t find the operating system listed in the System Recovery options if you are recovering an image from the disc.»
The intention. to Restore, Recover and/or Repair an operating system has no bearing whatsoever on whether an operating system would be displayed in the list-box. The list-box should list all operating systems on any accessible and potentially bootable hard drive on the PC.
Here is a bootrec /scanos showing the Windows 7 Ultimate 64-bit installation that System Recovery Options does not list in the Operating System list-box.
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Going through the issue description and conversation so far I understand that, you are trying to test your recently created Windows 7 recovery disc. In the process of doing so you noticed that, System recovery tool indicates you to select and operating system to proceed with repair, but since there is no operating system listed, you can’t proceed with it, whereas the operating system is fully functional.
What appears to be the reason for operating system not being listed in system recovery tool is probably the partition contacting system files is not marked Active.
Let’s follow the steps below and Mark the system partition active from command prompt and check if that solves the problem.
To Mark partition Active press Shift F10 (Or the key or set of keys applicable in your computer) at first screen when booting DVD or Repair CD, or choose Command Line from Repair Console’s Recovery Tools list.
Type the following command and press ENTER after each command.
DISKPART
LIST DISK
SELECT DISK 0 (confirm from list this is Windows 7 HD Number)
LIST PARTITION
SELECT PARTITION # (replace # with Windows 7 partition Number)
ACTIVE
EXIT
Now return to Recovery Tools and check if Operating system is listed there.
Note: Don’t mark a partition as active if it doesn’t contain the loader for an operating system. Doing so will cause your computer to stop working.
Hope this helps. Please let us know the status. Feel free to write us back in case you face any other issue with Windows in future, we are here to help.
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I’m editing this reply to add a comment I forgot to make at the beginning:
The partition containing the system-files is the boot-partition. Confusingly, the system-partition contains the boot-files. This has always been a confusing Microsoft convention.
Mann_Manohar, I think you are suggesting that I mark the boot-partition as active (thereby unmarking the system-partition as active). This would be a non-standard procedure and even if it worked would create more questions than it answered. Currently my system-partition (which contains the boot-files) is correctly flagged as active.
The bootrec /scanos in the screen-print above clearly shows that the OS is easily
detectable via the Windows 7 Recovery Disk — but, the System Recovery Options
dialog is not able to see it.
I have an Intel DZ77GA-70K system board in my PC.
That system board has UEFI firmware.
But, the primary HDD (a Intel 520 SSD) was set-up by Windows 7 installation with a legacy MBR.
It is not using a GUID Partition Table (GPT).
Given that the SSD is using legacy MBR, I would expect less problems with Windows 7 Recovery.
It its current state, the partition boots perfectly with no problems.
So, I don’t think it is a good idea to mark partitions on the SSD as active.
For some reason I think UEFI firmware does not support «active» on legacy MBR partitions.
Although, note on the Disk Manager screen print below that the «System Reserved» partition is marked «Active». that’s odd.
I assume it is the Windows 7 64-bit sp1 installation I performed when I installed Windows that did not mark the partitions active.
So I hesitate to mess with that.
As I see it, the Windows 7 Recovery Disk is defective.
I’m guessing that Windows 7 64-bit has limited UEFI support and
Windows 7 products are obsolete in that regard.
So. OK, Windows 7 recovery is defective and doesn’t work with UEFI in some situations.
If Microsoft doesn’t want to fix the problem it should at least update Windows 7
documentation to show that Windows 7 Recovery does not support UEFI.
Or, at least clue in the Microsoft support techs so they are aware of what is going on.
Or perhaps I don’t understand what is going on?
I will be so happy when legacy BIOS, legacy MBT and legacy 512-byte sector emulation dies.
DISKPART> detail disk
ATA INTEL SSDSC2CW24 SCSI Disk Device
Disk ID: DD69449A
Type : SATA
Status : Online
Path : 0
Target : 0
LUN ID : 0
Location Path : PCIROOT(0)#ATA(C00T00L00)
Current Read-only State : No
Read-only : No
Boot Disk : Yes
Pagefile Disk : Yes
Hibernation File Disk : No
Crashdump Disk : Yes
Clustered Disk : No
Volume ### Ltr Label Fs Type Size Status Info
———- — ———— —— ———- ——- ——— ———
Volume 3 System Rese NTFS Partition 100 MB Healthy System
* Volume 4 C C_Drive NTFS Partition 223 GB Healthy Boot
DISKPART> detail vol
Disk ### Status Size Free Dyn Gpt
——— ————- ——- ——- — —
* Disk 0 Online 223 GB 0 B
Read-only : No
Hidden : No
No Default Drive Letter: No
Shadow Copy : No
Offline : No
BitLocker Encrypted : No
Installable : Yes
Volume Capacity : 223 GB
Volume Free Space : 77 GB
DISKPART> detail part
Partition 2
Type : 07
Hidden: No
Active: No
Offset in Bytes: 105906176
Volume ### Ltr Label Fs Type Size Status Info
———- — ———— —— ———- ——- ——— ———
* Volume 4 C C_Drive NTFS Partition 223 GB Healthy Boot
Windows Boot Manager
———————
identifier
device partition=\Device\HarddiskVolume1
description Windows Boot Manager
locale en-US
inherit
default
resumeobject
displayorder
toolsdisplayorder
timeout 30
Windows Boot Loader
——————-
identifier
device partition=C:
path \Windows\system32\winload.exe
description Windows 7
locale en-US
inherit
recoverysequence
recoveryenabled Yes
osdevice partition=C:
systemroot \Windows
resumeobject
nx OptIn
bootlog No
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Thank you for your reply and apology for the delayed response.
- Have you checked using the disk to any other Windows 7 computer? Does system recovery options shows the disk?
Possibly, the Windows 7 recovery disk is defective, I would suggest you to create a new System repair disc.
Refer the Microsoft article below to create a new system repair disc.
Create a system repair disc.
Hope this information is helpful. Feel free to write back to us in case you face any other issue with Windows, we’ll be glad to assist.
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Thanks for the suggestion.
Yes, I tested the recovery disk in a Compaq notebook computer that does NOT have an UEFI BIOS. It worked correctly on that computer.
The link in your post does not work. But, regardless. I’m not sure how I could screw up making a recovery disk. Basically, click 1 button.
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Thank you for your reply and I appreciate the time taken by you in providing us all the details about the issue.
UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) is a standard firmware interface for PCs, designed to replace BIOS (basic input/output system). This standard was created by over 140 technology companies as part of the UEFI consortium, including Microsoft. It’s designed to improve software interoperability and address limitations of BIOS.
UEFI provides Better security by helping to protect the pre-startup or pre-boot process against bootkit attacks, faster startup times and resuming from hibernation, support for drives larger than 2.2 terabytes (TB), support for modern, 64-bit firmware device drivers that the system can use to address more than 17.2 billion gigabytes (GB) of memory during startup, and capability to use BIOS with UEFI hardware.
For information on UEFI Mode please refer the article below.
Boot to UEFI Mode or Legacy BIOS Mode.
For the issue “why the exiting operating system on your computer is not getting detected by the system recovery tool’, I would suggest you to contact your computer manufacturer to check the settings on the computer or a hardware diagnostic performed.
Feel free to write back to us for any further assistance, we’ll be glad to assist you.
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I built the computer using an Intel system board.
I’m reasonably ceartain that this is a defect in the Windows 7 Repair Disk process.
Even though the Repair Disk cannot see the OS from the OS select dialog,
bootrec /scanos can detect the OS.
Therefore the Windows 7 Repair Disk process is obviously defective.
The link on UEFI you propose was interesting — thanks.
Unfortunately it is littered with grammatical errors and does not explain the background of its assertions. I think it is saying that the Windows 8 and Windows 7 installation process is defective and does not properly determine the status of BIOS versus UEFI installations and that the operator must manipulate the installation process to make it work correctly for some unidentified system boards. Regardless, I don’t think that information applies to my Intel system board. I correctly performed a legacy-BIOS Windows 7 installation on an Intel UEFI system board.
This is not an issue that applies to me:
«If you install Windows using the wrong mode, you won’t be able to use the features of that firmware mode without reformatting the drive.»
I can fully utilize the system board firmware in either UEFI or legacy-BIOS mode. My Intel system board is currently set to boot using legacy-BIOS mode and the Windows 7 operating system boots correctly.