Oracle on linux platform

Oracle on linux platform

Use this checklist to check minimum operating system requirements for Oracle Database.

Table 1-2 Operating System General Checklist for Oracle Database on Linux

Operating system general requirements

OpenSSH installed manually, if you do not have it installed already as part of a default Linux installation.

A Linux kernel in the list of supported kernels and releases listed in this guide.

Linux x86-64 operating system requirements

The following Linux x86-64 kernels are supported:

Oracle Linux 8.1 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 6: 5.4.17-2011.0.7.el8uek.x86_64 or later
Oracle Linux 8 with the Red Hat Compatible kernel: 4.18.0-80.el8.x86_64 or later

Oracle Linux 7.4 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 4: 4.1.12-124.19.2.el7uek.x86_64 or later
Oracle Linux 7.4 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 5: 4.14.35-1818.1.6.el7uek.x86_64 or later
Oracle Linux 7.7 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 6: 5.4.17-2011.4.4.el7uek.x86_64 or later
Oracle Linux 7.5 with the Red Hat Compatible Kernel: 3.10.0-862.11.6.el7.x86_64 or later

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8: 4.18.0-80.el8.x86_64 or later

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.5: 3.10.0-862.11.6.el7.x86_64 or later

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15: 4.12.14-23-default or later

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3: 4.4.162-94.72-default or later

Review the system requirements section for a list of minimum package requirements.

IBM: Linux on System z operating system requirements

The following IBM: Linux on System z kernels are supported:

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.3: 4.18.0-240.el8.s390x or later

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.4: 3.10.0-693.el7.s390x or later

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12: 4.4.73-5-default s390x or later

Review the system requirements section for a list of minimum package requirements.

Oracle Database Preinstallation RPM for Oracle Linux

If you use Oracle Linux, then Oracle recommends that you run the Oracle Database Preinstallation RPM for your Linux release to configure your operating system for Oracle Database and Oracle Grid Infrastructure installations.

Oracle RPM Checker utility for IBM: Linux on System z

Oracle recommends that you use the Oracle RPM Checker utility to verify that you have the required Red Hat Enterprise Linux or SUSE packages installed on your IBM: Linux on System z operating system before you start the Oracle Database or Oracle Grid Infrastructure installation.

Disable Transparent HugePages

Oracle recommends that you disable Transparent HugePages and use standard HugePages for enhanced performance.

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Oracle on linux platform

This topic describes the installation procedures of the JDK on the Linux platform, along with the system requirements.

General Notes About Installing the JDK on Linux Platforms

This topic describes general information about installing JDK 11 on Linux platforms.

Installing the JDK automatically creates a directory called jdk– 11 . interim.update.patch .

If you install Java SE Runtime Environment in a specific location such as /usr/jdk (for JDK) then you must log in with root credentials to gain the necessary permissions. If you do not have root access, then either install the Java SE Runtime Environment in your home directory or a subdirectory for which you have write permissions.

If you install the software in a directory that contains a subdirectory named jdk– 11 . interim.update.patch , then the new software overwrites files of the same name in that directory. Ensure that you rename the old directory if it contains files that you would like to keep.

By default, the installation script configures the system such that the backing store for system preferences is created inside the JDK installation directory as applicable. If the JDK is installed on a network-mounted drive, then the system preferences can be exported for sharing with Java runtime environments on other machines.

System Requirements for Installing JDK on Linux Platforms

See Oracle JDK Certified Systems Configurations for information about supported platforms, operating systems, and browsers.

JDK Installation Instruction Notation for Linux Platforms

Instructions for installing JDK contains a version notation that represents the Feature, Interim, and Update version information.

For example, if you are installing JDK 11 Interim 0, Update 0, and Patch 0, then the following string represents the name of the bundle:

Linux x64 systems: jdk- 11 . interim.update.patch _linux-x64_bin.tar.gz

Linux aarch64 (64-bit ARM) systems: jdk- 11 . interim.update.patch _linux-aarch64_bin.tar.gz

If a component has 0 as the suffix, it will be excluded.

Installing the JDK on Linux from Archive Files and RPM Packages

You can install the Java Development Kit (JDK) on a Linux platform from archive files or from Red Hat Package Manager (RPM) packages.

Installation can be performed by using one of the following processes:

From archive files ( .tar.gz ): This allows you to install a private version of the JDK for the current user into any location, without affecting other JDK installations. However, it may involve manual steps to get some of the features to work. See the following table for the options available for downloading and installing the JDK from archive files. The bundles are available for Linux x64 and Linux aarch64 (64-bit ARM) systems. Install the required bundle.

From RPM packages ( .rpm ): This allows you to perform a systemwide installation of the JDK for all users, and requires root access. See the following table for the options available for downloading and installing the JDK from Linux x64 and Linux aarch64 (64-bit ARM) RPM packages.

Downloading the JDK Installer

Access Java SE Downloads page and click Accept License Agreement . Under the Download menu, click the Download link corresponding your requirement.

The following table lists the options and instructions for downloading and installing the JDK 11 release on a Linux platform:

Item	Task

Download File	Instructions	Architecture (CPU Type)	Who Can Install
For Linux x64 systems: jdk- 11 . interim.update.patch _linux-x64.tar.gz	Installing the 64-Bit JDK 11 on Linux Platforms	Intel — 64-bit	Anyone
For Linux aarch64 (64-bit ARM) systems: jdk- 11 . interim.update.patch _linux-aarch64.tar.gz	Installing the 64-Bit JDK 11 on Linux Platforms	ARM — 64-bit	Anyone
For Linux x64 systems: jdk- 11 . interim.update.patch _linux-x64.rpm	Installing the 64-Bit JDK on RPM-Based Linux Platforms	Intel — 64-bit RPM-based Linux	Root
For Linux aarch64 (64-bit ARM) systems: jdk- 11 . interim.update.patch _linux-aarch64.rpm	Installing the 64-Bit JDK on RPM-Based Linux Platforms	ARM — 64-bit RPM-based Linux	Root

Installing the 64-Bit JDK 11 on Linux Platforms

You can install the JDK for 64-bit Linux from an archive file ( .tar.gz ). The .tar.gz archive file (also called a tarball) is a file that can be uncompressed and extracted in a single step.

• For Linux x64 systems: jdk- 11 . interim.update.patch _linux-x64_bin.tar.gz
• For Linux aarch64 (64-bit ARM) systems: jdk- 11 . interim.update.patch _linux-aarch64_bin.tar.gz

Before you download a file, you must accept the license agreement. Anyone (not only root users) can install the archive file in any location having write access.

$ tar zxvf jdk- 11 . interim.update.patch _linux-x64_bin.tar.gz

$ tar zxvf jdk- 11 . interim.update.patch _linux-aarch64_bin.tar.gz

The Java Development Kit files are installed in a directory called jdk- 11 . interim.update.patch .

Installing the 64-Bit JDK on RPM-Based Linux Platforms

You can install the JDK on 64-bit RPM-based Linux platforms, such as Oracle, Red Hat, and SuSE by using an RPM binary file ( .rpm ) in the system location.

• For x64 systems: jdk- 11 . interim.update.patch _linux-x64_bin.rpm
• For aarch64 (64-bit ARM) systems: jdk- 11 . interim.update.patch _linux-aarch64_bin.rpm

Before you download a file, you must accept the license agreement.

$ rpm -ivh jdk- 11 . interim.update.patch _linux-x64_bin.rpm

$ rpm -ivh jdk- 11 . interim.update.patch _linux-aarch64_bin.rpm

JDK 11 can coexist with earlier versions of JDK. For each version, a new directory is created, the default directory being /usr/java/jdk- 11 . interim.update.patch .

Upgrade the required package using the following command:

$ rpm -Uvh jdk- 11 . interim.update.patch _linux-x64_bin.rpm

$ rpm -Uvh jdk- 11 . interim.update.patch _linux-aarch64_bin.rpm

The JDK installation is integrated with the alternatives framework. After installation, the alternatives framework is updated to reflect the binaries from the recently installed JDK. Java commands such as java , javac , javadoc , and javap can be called from the command line.

Using the java -version command, users can confirm the default (recently installed) JDK version.

In addition, users can check which specific RPM package provides the java files:

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Oracle on linux platform

The Linux distributions and packages listed in this section are supported for this release on x86-64.

Identify the requirements for your Linux distribution, and ensure that you have a supported kernel and required packages installed before starting installation.

Oracle Universal Installer requires an X Window System (for example, libx ). The libx packages are part of a default Linux installation. If you perform an installation on a system with a reduced set of packages, then you must ensure that libx or a similar X Window System package is installed.

The Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel for Oracle Linux can be installed on x86-64 servers running either Oracle Linux or Red Hat Enterprise Linux. As of Oracle Linux 5 Update 6, the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel is the default system kernel. An x86 (32-bit) release of Oracle Linux including the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel is available with Oracle Linux 5 update 7 and later.

32-bit packages in these requirements lists are needed only if you intend to use 32-bit client applications to access 64-bit servers.

Oracle Database 12 c Release 2 (12.2) and later does not require the compiler packages gcc and gcc-c++ on Oracle Linux and Red Hat Enterprise Linux for Oracle Database or Oracle Grid Infrastructure installations.

The platform-specific hardware and software requirements included in this guide were current when this guide was published. However, because new platforms and operating system software versions may be certified after this guide is published, review the certification matrix on the My Oracle Support website for the most up-to-date list of certified hardware platforms and operating system versions:

• Supported Oracle Linux 7 Distributions for x86-64
  Use the following information to check supported Oracle Linux 7 distributions:
• Supported Oracle Linux 6 Distributions for x86-64
  Use the following information to check supported Oracle Linux 6 distributions:
• Supported Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Distributions for x86-64
  Use the following information to check supported Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 distributions:
• Supported Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Distributions for x86-64
  Use the following information to check supported Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 distributions:
• Supported SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 Distributions for x86-64
  Use the following information to check supported SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 distributions:
• Supported SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 Distributions for x86-64
  Use the following information to check supported SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 distributions:
• Supported NeoKylin Linux Advanced Server 7 Distributions for x86-64
  Use the following information to check supported NeoKylin Linux Advanced Server 7 distributions:

If you currently use, or plan to upgrade to, Oracle Linux 7.2 or Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.2, then see information about the RemoveIPC settings:

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How I Simplified Oracle Database 12c and 11g Installations on Oracle Linux 6

by Ginny Henningsen; updated by Michele Casey
Published September 2012 (updated September 2017)

How to simplify the installation of Oracle Database 12c or 11g on Oracle Linux 6 by installing the oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall or oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM package, which automatically performs a number of tasks, such as installing required software packages, resolving package dependencies, and modifying kernel parameters.

READ THIS FIRST: Important Changes Since Publication

While the content in this article is still valid, several details have changed. For example:

For Oracle Database 12c Release 2, the preinstall RPM has a different name than the one used in the article belowpu:

oracle-database-server-12cR2-preinstall

The preinstall RPMs are published on Oracle Linux yum server for both Oracle Linux 6 and 7 in the Latest repositories which are configured and enabled by default in recent releases of Oracle Linux 6 and 7

Introducing the oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall and oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM for Oracle Linux

Before installing Oracle Database 12c or 11g on a system, you need to preconfigure the operating environment since the database requires certain software packages, package versions, and tweaks to kernel parameters. (Be sure to review the appropriate Oracle Database installation guide to familiarize yourself with hardware, software, and operating system requirements.)

Note: This article applies to Oracle Linux 6. A previous article, «How I Simplified Oracle Database Installation on Oracle Linux,» covered performing a similar task on versions of Oracle Linux 5.

On Oracle Linux, I discovered that there is a remarkably easy way to address these installation prerequisites: First, depending on your database version, install either the RPM package called oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall or oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall . This RPM performs a number of preconfiguration steps, including the following:

• Automatically downloading and installing any additional software packages and specific package versions needed for installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle Database 12 c Release 1 (12.1) or 11g Release 2 (11.2.0.3), with package dependencies resolved via yum or up2date capabilities.
• Creating the user oracle and the groups oinstall (for OraInventory ) and dba (for OSDBA ), which are used during database installation. (For security purposes, this user has no password by default and cannot log in remotely. To enable remote login, please set a password using the passwd tool.)
• Modifying kernel parameters in /etc/sysctl.conf to change settings for shared memory, semaphores, the maximum number of file descriptors, and so on.
• Setting hard and soft shell resource limits in /etc/security/limits.conf , such as the locked-in memory address space, the number of open files, the number of processes, and core file size.
• Setting numa=off in the kernel for x86_64 machines.

Note that oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall and oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall parses the existing /etc/sysctl.conf and /etc/security/limits.conf files and updates values only as needed for database installation. Any precustomized settings not related to database installation are left as is.

The oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall and oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM packages are accessible through the Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network (ULN, which requires a support contract), from the Oracle Linux distribution media, or from the Oracle public yum repository. Thus, whether or not your system is registered with ULN to access Oracle patches and support, you can use oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall and oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall to simplify database installation on Oracle Linux. In addition, the Oracle public yum repository now includes all security and bug errata, ensuring systems are secured and stable with the latest security updates and bug fixes.

Installing the oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall or oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM

The remainder of this article steps through the procedure that I used for installing oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall on Oracle Linux via the Oracle public yum repository. The same steps outlined in the following section can be used for either version of the preinstall RPM package. I started with a system running Oracle Linux Release 6 Update 4 for x86_64, a 64-bit version of Oracle Linux that I downloaded from the Oracle software delivery cloud (requires registration or login). First, I set up a yum configuration file that pointed to the correct repository, and then I installed the oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM from that repository.

Here are the steps for preconfiguring a system for Oracle Database installation using oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall . Remember, the steps are the same when using the oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall package; you simply need to change the name of the RPM package during the yum installation step.

As an authorized user (for example, root ), retrieve the file that configures repository locations:

Using a text editor, modify the file, changing the field enabled=0 to enabled=1 to reflect repositories that correspond to the machine’s operating system release.

Here is an excerpt of public-yum-old6.repo with the changed lines in boldface.

Because the target system is running Oracle Linux Release 6 Update 4 for x86_64, which installs the Oracle Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel by default, there are two repositories to enable, [ol6_latest] and [ol6_UEK_latest] .

Next, install the oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM using the yum install command. If you are using Oracle Database 12c, then you would type yum install .

The output in Listing 1 shows how the installation checks dependencies and then downloads and installs the required packages.

Listing 1: Installing the oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPM

The yum installation logs messages about kernel changes in the file /var/log/oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall/results/orakernel.log , and it makes backups of current system settings in the directory /var/log/oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall/backup .

At this point, the system is ready for the installation of Oracle Database. For example, to install Oracle Database 11g Release 2, follow the directions in Chapter 4, «Installing Oracle Database,» of the Database Installation Guide for Linux.»

Here are the steps I followed while installing Oracle Database 11g Release 2 in my test environment. Make sure you review all documentation and follow recommended best practices before installing into your production environment.

As root , create a parent directory in a file system that has sufficient space to be the target location for the downloaded files:

The amount of disk space needed in the file system varies according to the specific installation type, but roughly twice the size of the zip archives, or 5 GB, is enough to house the software and data files.

Into this target directory, download the installation media files from the Oracle Database Software Downloads page on Oracle Technology Network.

Extract the files:

Log in as the user oracle . Change directory to the database directory and enter the following command to run the Oracle Universal Installer:

The Oracle Universal Installer performs a number of checks, verifying that the necessary OS packages and versions are installed. In addition, it checks kernel parameters set by the oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall installation. During the kernel settings check, the installer might flag a few settings as «failed,» and you should investigate these failures. In some cases, you still might be able to continue with the database installation. If you check kernel settings in /etc/sysctl.conf , you’ll see that oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall has modified and added the necessary settings to ensure the minimum requirements are met, as defined in section 2.10.1. Below is the list of requirements:

If necessary, you can (as root ) edit the file /etc/sysctl.conf to specify a setting manually, for example:

The Oracle Universal Installer performs additional checks, such as verifying the glibc version, sufficient disk space, environmental variable and path settings, and sufficient physical memory and swap space. Generally, installing oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall takes care of the prerequisites so that you can proceed directly with installing the database.

Final Thoughts

Installing the oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall and oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall RPMs can save time when installing Oracle Database 12c and 11g on Oracle Linux. These RPMs address most Oracle Database installation prerequisites and greatly simplify the installation process.

See Also

Here are the resources referenced earlier in this document:

• Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network: https://linux.oracle.com
• Oracle Linux yum server: http://yum.oracle.com/
• Oracle software delivery cloud (requires registration or login): https://edelivery.oracle.com/linux
• Oracle Database Software Downloads page on Oracle Technology Network: http://www.oracle.com/database/technologies/oracle-database-software-downloads.html

And here are some additional resources from the Oracle Database Documentation Library (http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/homepage).

Also see the blog entry «Oracle RDBMS Server 11gR2 Pre-Install RPM for Oracle Linux 6 has been released»: https://blogs.oracle.com/linux/entry/oracle_rdbms_server_11gr2_pre

About the Authors

Ginny Henningsen has worked for the last 15 years as a freelance writer developing technical collateral and documentation for high-tech companies. Prior to that, Ginny worked for Sun Microsystems, Inc. as a Systems Engineer in King of Prussia, PA and Milwaukee, WI. Ginny has a BA from Carnegie-Mellon University and a MSCS from Villanova University.

Michele Casey is the Director of Product Management for Oracle Linux. She has worked with commercial Linux distributions and open source projects as a product manager since 2006. She has also held positions as a system administrator, project manager, and technical support engineer.

Revision 1.1, 07/09/2013; added information about using the
oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall package to install
Oracle Database 12c

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