How can I maximize a specific window with Python?

I’m trying to maximize a specific window with python.

Here is the deal: I have a script that opens 2 firefox windows (selenium rc), and I need to maximize the second window, the last one that opens. How can I do it?

I’m using this command

that works perfectly, but only with the focus window. and the second window of firefox witch opens with the script doesnt get focused.

2 Answers 2

This should work

If you don’t want to install separate modules you could use the inbuilt ctypes module. The usage is not that different from the accepted answer above, except that you interact with the DLLs themselves and don’t have to install anything else.

First here is the code:

Now the explanation:

• Get ctypes module.
• Get the appropriate runtime, for reference use the Windows documentation and look under «Requirements».
• Set the SW_MAXIMISE value to 3 since this is the value (indicated in the documentation) to set the window to maximum.
• hWnd = user32.GetForegroundWindow() retrieves the foreground window (the window that is in front of all the others) — see here for the complete description on the function.
• Use ShowWindow() to control the windows show state. This takes two arguments, the handle to the window (defined above as hWnd ) and how the window should be seen (set as 3 in SW_MAXIMISE = 3 ). You can see the documentation for a more complete list of the various options.

You could of course put this into a function to make it easy to use.

Another approach:

Since in this case there are no worries about being cross platform, you could build a C or C++ extension instead.

• no ctypes (which is sometimes worth considering, see the answers to this question)

• needs to be compiled (since it’s on Windows only, you only need to worry about compiling for x32 bit and x64 bit)
• must be a module (i.e. you can’t intergrate it in one file)
• requires a minimum knowlege of either C or C++ as well as the Python api itself

The actual function to be called should not be that difficult:

_{Note that this is only a fragment of the actual code needed}

PyQt4 how to restore a minimized window?

PyQt4 how to do if the window is minimized, call a method expand that window

please tell me how to do it

I will be very grateful

3 Answers 3

You can check the current state of a QWidget by calling its windowState() method. To change the state you pass a new state to setWindowState() .

Here’s an example app that checks every 5 seconds to see if it’s minimised. If it is then the window is restored.

This is just as an example — checking every 5 seconds for a minimised window and restoring it would be an evil thing to do in an app ;).

The most accurate way to do this would be to watch for the QWindowStateChangeEvent of the widget, and respond immediately when it happens. You can do this more than one way.

Here is how you can re-implement the event method of the target widget:

Now if you have some other widget that you want to watch for Minimize, and you don’t want to have to define a new event method on that object, you can create an object that simply watches events for multiple other objects. It is called an event filter:

Note that when checking the windowState , you should use & to compare instead of == , because the state can be a combination of more than one value and you need to check it with a mask to see if the value is present amongst the others. i.e. if you maximize the window first and then minimize it, it will have multiple window states.

On a side note, you also have the option of customizing the actual window properties in the first place. So if your goal is to prevent minimizing, you could disable the button for it:

This will subtract the minimize button flag from all the other flags.

Как использовать minimize?

Нужно оптимизировать (минимизировать) простую функцию икс в квадрате.

Что вообще делает функция minimize? Только находит минимум и максимум?
Есть такой код, но т.к. ничего не выводит я не могу понять что он делает? Не могли бы объяснить? И выполняет ли код условию задачи?

Оптимизация функции через scipy.optimize.minimize
Добрый день! Я только начинаю осваивать язык, совсем ещё новичок. Помогите, пожалуйста.

Как использовать функции minimize, maximize для функции, решение которой найдено численно
Здравствуйте! Подскажите пожалуйста, можно ли использовать функции minimize, maximize для.

Как отловить нажатие на кнопку minimize?
Хочу написать программу, которая при минимизации скрывалась и добавляла иконку на system tray, а.

Как убрать ‘Minimize’ и ‘Maximize’, ‘Close’ в заголовке окна?
КАК УБРАТЬ КНОПОЧКИ ‘Minimize’ и ‘Maximize’, ‘Close’ в заголовке окна (чтобы не было крестика в.

Заказываю контрольные, курсовые, дипломные и любые другие студенческие работы здесь или здесь.

Как правильно свернуть в трей при нажатии иконки minimize?
Именно как правильно? Потому что, если делать это в событии OnWindowStateChange следующим образом .

Как получить WindowState после нажатия кнопки minimize но до сворачивания окна?
Отлавливаю событие Resize (понял что только оно реагирует на нажатие кнопки minimize), но проблема.

Как объяснить Mathcad’y что нужно искать только целые числа в функциях Minimize?
Уважаемые знатоки! Скажите, пожалуйста, если я ищу только целые (например . -2, -1, 0, 1, 2 . ).

Как оставив кнопку minimize удалить кнопку maximize в Windows Form?
Всем здравствуйте. Устанавливаю: FormBorderStyle = Fixed Single MaximizeBox = False MinimizeBox.

Minimize function with Scipy minimize

Trying to obtain the d value (integer) for which the Std_Diff objective function is minimal, using Scipy minimize.

IndexError: too many indices for array

In case I do not use bounds :

I get another error:

1 Answer 1

(I was stumbling around at the start, but I’ll leave here so you can get some ideas of how to debug.)

You invoke minimize with:

that is the initial values is a scalar (or 1 number). minimize takes it’s clue from that and sets the search variable to the same. That’s the d it passes to your function, Std_Diff . But it also expects that function to return a single value as well. In other words, minimize a scalar function of a scalar value.

So std(diff(df[‘BN’].values,1)) should return a scalar. Evidently it does not.

OK, testing with the supposed values

So my first guess is wrong.

Looking more carefully at the error stack, I see that the error occurs in your function, not after. It looks like a problem with the use of d .

In the unbounded case, the search variable can go negative (very much so), raising an error in np.diff .

(the error you show is from During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: . It’s not the primary error, but a secondary one.)

The problem when specifying bounds, is that specification is incomplete. It requires a (min,max) tuple for each variable. So this works:

Bounds for variables (only for L-BFGS-B, TNC and SLSQP). (min, max) pairs for each element in x , defining the bounds on that parameter. Use None for one of min or max when there is no bound in that direction.

Look at the error line:

it expects bnds to be a 2d array with 2 columns. For example:

I also modified the function to have a clearer idea of how its values changed

Compress(minimize) HTML from python

How is to compress (minimize) HTML from python; I know I can use some regex to strip spaces and other things, but I want a real compiler using pure python(so it can be used on Google App Engine).

I did a test on a online html compressor and it saved 65% of the html size. I want that, but from python.

5 Answers 5

You can use htmlmin to minify your html:

htmlmin and html_slimmer are some simple html minifying tools for python. I have millions of html pages stored in my database and running htmlmin, I am able to reduce the page size between 5 and 50%. Neither of them do an optimal job at complete html minification (i.e. the font color #00000 can be reduced to #000), but it’s a good start. I have a try/except block that runs htmlmin and then if that fails, html_slimmer because htmlmin seems to provide better compression, but it does not support non ascii characters.

I suppose that in GAE there is no really need for minify your html as GAE already gzip it Caching & GZip on GAE (Community Wiki)

I did not test but minified version of html will probably win only 1% of size as it only remove space once both version are compressed.

If you want to save storage, for example by memcached it, you have more interest to gzip it (even at low level of compression) than removing space as in python it will be probably smaller and faster as processed in C instead of pure python

Last line output

You can use this code to delete spaces

I wrote a build script that duplicates my templates into another directory and then I use this trick to tell my application to select the correct template in development mode, or in production:

Whether it is gzipped by your webserver is not really the point, you should save every byte that you can for performance reasons.

If you look at some of the biggest sites out there, they often do things like writing invalid html to save bytes, for example, it is common to omit double quotes in id attributes in html tags, for example:

And there are several examples like this one, but that’s beside the scope of the thread I guess.

Back to the question, I put together a little build script that minifies your HTML, CSS and JS. Caveat: It doesn’t cover the case of the PRE tag.