Release Date: July 2, 2014

Python 2.7.8 was released on July 1, 2014. This release includes regression and security fixes over 2.7.7 including:

• The openssl version bundled in the Windows installer has been updated.
• A regression in the mimetypes module on Windows has been fixed.
• A possible overflow in the buffer type has been fixed.
• A bug in the CGIHTTPServer module which allows arbitrary execution of code in the server root has been patched.
• A regression in the handling of UNC paths in os.path.join has been fixed.

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This is a production release. Please report any bugs you encounter.

We currently support these formats for download:

The source tarballs are signed with Benjamin Peterson’s key, which has key id 18ADD4FF. The Mac installers were signed with Ned Deily’s key, which has a key id of 6F5E1540. The public keys are located on the download page.

MD5 checksums and sizes of the released files:

Resources

About the 2.7 release series

Among the features and improvements to Python 2.6 introduced in the 2.7 series are

• An ordered dictionary type
• New unittest features including test skipping, new assert methods, and test discovery
• A much faster io module
• Automatic numbering of fields in the str.format() method
• Float repr improvements backported from 3.x
• Tile support for Tkinter
• A backport of the memoryview object from 3.x
• Set literals
• Set and dictionary comprehensions
• Dictionary views
• New syntax for nested with statements
• The sysconfig module

Binary installer support for OS X 10.4 and 10.3.9 to be discontinued

Release Date: May 15, 2013

regressions `_ found in Python 3.3.1.

Major new features of the 3.3 series, compared to 3.2

Python 3.3 includes a range of improvements of the 3.x series, as well as easier porting between 2.x and 3.x.

• PEP 380, syntax for delegating to a subgenerator ( yield from)
• PEP 393, flexible string representation (doing away with the distinction between «wide» and «narrow» Unicode builds)
• A C implementation of the «decimal» module, with up to 120x speedup for decimal-heavy applications
• The import system (__import__) is based on importlib by default
• The new «lzma» module with LZMA/XZ support
• PEP 397, a Python launcher for Windows
• PEP 405, virtual environment support in core
• PEP 420, namespace package support
• PEP 3151, reworking the OS and IO exception hierarchy
• PEP 3155, qualified name for classes and functions
• PEP 409, suppressing exception context
• PEP 414, explicit Unicode literals to help with porting
• PEP 418, extended platform-independent clocks in the «time» module
• PEP 412, a new key-sharing dictionary implementation that significantly saves memory for object-oriented code
• PEP 362, the function-signature object
• The new «faulthandler» module that helps diagnosing crashes
• The new «unittest.mock» module
• The new «ipaddress» module
• The «sys.implementation» attribute
• A policy framework for the email package, with a provisional (see PEP 411) policy that adds much improved unicode support for email header parsing
• A «collections.ChainMap» class for linking mappings to a single unit
• Wrappers for many more POSIX functions in the «os» and «signal» modules, as well as other useful functions such as «sendfile()»
• Hash randomization, introduced in earlier bugfix releases, is now switched on by default

More resources

Download

This is a production release. Please report any bugs you encounter.

We currently support these formats for download:

The source tarballs are signed with Georg Brandl’s key, which has a key id of 36580288; the fingerprint is 26DE A9D4 6133 91EF 3E25 C9FF 0A5B 1018 3658 0288. The Windows installer was signed by Martin von Löwis’ public key, which has a key id of 7D9DC8D2. The Mac installers were signed with Ned Deily’s key, which has a key id of 6F5E1540. The public keys are located on the download page.

MD5 checksums and sizes of the released files:

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Active Python Releases

1. 3.9 bugfix 2020-10-05 2025-10 PEP 596
2. 3.8 bugfix 2019-10-14 2024-10 PEP 569
3. 3.7 security 2018-06-27 2023-06-27 PEP 537
4. 3.6 security 2016-12-23 2021-12-23 PEP 494
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All Python releases are Open Source. Historically, most, but not all, Python releases have also been GPL-compatible. The Licenses page details GPL-compatibility and Terms and Conditions.

Sources

For most Unix systems, you must download and compile the source code. The same source code archive can also be used to build the Windows and Mac versions, and is the starting point for ports to all other platforms.

Download the latest Python 3 and Python 2 source.

Alternative Implementations

This site hosts the «traditional» implementation of Python (nicknamed CPython). A number of alternative implementations are available as well.

History

Python was created in the early 1990s by Guido van Rossum at Stichting Mathematisch Centrum in the Netherlands as a successor of a language called ABC. Guido remains Python’s principal author, although it includes many contributions from others.

Release Schedules

Information about specific ports, and developer info

OpenPGP Public Keys

Source and binary executables are signed by the release manager or binary builder using their OpenPGP key. Release files for currently supported releases are signed by the following:

Release files for older releases which have now reached end-of-life may have been signed by one of the following:

• Anthony Baxter (key id: 0EDD C5F2 6A45 C816)
• Georg Brandl (key id: 0A5B 1018 3658 0288)
• Martin v. Löwis (key id: 6AF0 53F0 7D9D C8D2)
• Ronald Oussoren (key id: C9BE 28DE E6DF 025C)
• Barry Warsaw (key ids: 126E B563 A74B 06BF, D986 6941 EA5B BD71, and ED9D77D5)

You can import a person’s public keys from a public keyserver network server you trust by running a command like:

or, in many cases, public keys can also be found at keybase.io. On the version-specific download pages, you should see a link to both the downloadable file and a detached signature file. To verify the authenticity of the download, grab both files and then run this command:

Note that you must use the name of the signature file, and you should use the one that’s appropriate to the download you’re verifying.

• (These instructions are geared to GnuPG and Unix command-line users.)

Other Useful Items

• Looking for 3rd party Python modules? The Package Index has many of them.
• You can view the standard documentation online, or you can download it in HTML, PostScript, PDF and other formats. See the main Documentation page.
• Information on tools for unpacking archive files provided on python.org is available.
• Tip: even if you download a ready-made binary for your platform, it makes sense to also download the source. This lets you browse the standard library (the subdirectory Lib) and the standard collections of demos (Demo) and tools (Tools) that come with it. There’s a lot you can learn from the source!
• There is also a collection of Emacs packages that the Emacsing Pythoneer might find useful. This includes major modes for editing Python, C, C++, Java, etc., Python debugger interfaces and more. Most packages are compatible with Emacs and XEmacs.

Want to contribute?

Want to contribute? See the Python Developer’s Guide to learn about how Python development is managed.