Restart linux from ssh

Ubuntu Linux: Start, Stop, Restart, Reload OpenSSH Server

I need to provide a remote access to my Ubuntu Linux based server. How do I start / stop, OR restart the ssh server under Ubuntu Linux operating system using command line options?

You need to run a script called /etc/init.d/ssh to stop, start, and restart the OpenSSH server. You can also use the service command to control a System V init script. If you are using the latest version of Ubuntu such as 12.04 LTS or 13.04+, you need to use upstart job based commands as listed below.

Tutorial details
Difficulty level	Easy
Root privileges	Yes
Requirements	Ubuntu Linux with sudo command
Est. reading time	3 mintues

Start / Stop / Restart / Reload OpenSSH Server on Ubuntu

Latest version of Ubuntu such as Ubuntu Linux 16.04 LTS or 18.04 LTS and others use the systemctl command to control ssh server on Ubuntu. Older version use the service command. To find out your Ubuntu Linux version, type:
lsb_release -a
cat /etc/*release*
Sample outputs:

Ubuntu Linux: Start OpenSSH Server

Type the following command:
$ sudo /etc/init.d/ssh start
OR
$ sudo service ssh start
For systemd based Ubuntu Linux 16.04/18.04/20.04 LTS or above servers, run:
$ sudo systemctl start ssh

Ubuntu Linux: Stop OpenSSH server

Type the following command:
$ sudo /etc/init.d/ssh stop
OR
$ sudo service ssh stop
Again for systemd based Ubuntu Linux 16.04/18.04/20.04 LTS or above server, enter:
$ sudo systemctl stop ssh

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Ubuntu Linux: Restart OpenSSH server

Type the following command:
$ sudo /etc/init.d/ssh restart
OR
$ sudo service ssh restart
For systemd based Ubuntu Linux 16.04/18.04/20.04 LTS or above server, execute:
$ sudo systemctl restart ssh

systemctl command in action on Ubuntu Linux desktop

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How do I restart sshd daemon on Linux or Unix?

I made changed to my /etc/ssh/sshd_config file. How do I restart sshd daemon on Linux or Unix systems?

SSH is an acronym for Secure Shell. It is an Internet communication protocol that allows log into Linux or Unix bases systems and runs commands. One can exchange files using a secure channel over an insecure network such as the Internet. OpenSSH is developed as part of the OpenBSD project and by default installed on modern Linux and *BSD family of operating systems including macOS. This page shows how to restart sshd daemon using the command line option.

Tutorial details
Difficulty level	Easy
Root privileges	Yes
Requirements	Linux or Unix-like OS with OpenSSH
Est. reading time	2 minutes

Procedure to restart sshd daemon

1. Open the terminal application
2. Edit the file /etc/ssh/sshd_config using a text editor such as vi or nano.
3. Restart sshd service on an Ubuntu or Debian Linux using the following command:
   sudo systemctl restart ssh.service
4. RHEL/CentOS Linux user run:
   sudo systemctl restart sshd.service

The command to restart sshd varies from one variant of Linux or Unix distro to another. Hence, we will see all other commands below. Please note that you must login as root user to restart services. Either use the su command or sudo command.

How to restart the SSHD daemon in Debian / Ubuntu Linux

Type the systemctl command:
$ sudo systemctl restart ssh

CentOS / RHEL / Fedora / Redhat Linux Restart SSHD server

$ sudo systemctl restart sshd

Restating the SSHD daemon on FreeBSD Unix

# /etc/rc.d/sshd restart
OR
# service sshd restart

OpenBSD Unix restart the SSHD service

# /etc/rc.d/sshd restart
OR
# /etc/rc.d/sshd restart

Solaris 10 command

# svcadm disable ssh
# svcadm enable ssh
Solaris version 9 and older users, try:
# /etc/init.d/sshd stop
# /etc/init.d/sshd start

AIX Unix command

# stopsrc -s sshd
# startsrc -s sshd

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HP-UX Unix command

To restart sshd daemon on HP-UX, first stop it and again start it as follows:
# /sbin/init.d/secsh stop
# /sbin/init.d/secsh start

Command line SSHD restart for Apple macOS based laptop or desttop

Open the terminal application and type the following two commands
$ sudo launchctl unload /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/ssh.plist
$ sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/ssh.plist

Restarting or reloading OpenSSH SSHD server on Alpine Linux

Use the service command:
# service sshd restart
# service sshd reload

Conclusion

This page explained how to restart sshd daemon on Linux or Unix-like operating systems using various command-line options. For more information, see the official OpenSSH documents here. Another option is to read more about ssh client and sshd server by typing the following man command:
man ssh
man sshd

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Как перезагрузить сервер Linux?

В статье рассмотрим, как перезагрузить (перезапустить) по SSH сервер Linux. Например, перезагрузить сервер Ubuntu, CentOS Debian и основанные на них дистрибутивы можно удаленно по SSH или подключившись к командной строке другим способом.

Прежде чем перейти к боевым действиям, убедитесь, что сервер Линукс действительно нуждается в перезагрузке.

Когда требуется перезагрузка?

Как бы это странно ни звучало: перед тем как перезагрузить сервер сайта, стоит убедиться что оно ему действительно надо. Перезагрузка сервера без веских на то причин может привести к сбоям в работе серверного оборудования.

Так когда перезагружаем?

1. Сервер завис или тормозит;
2. Некорректно работают установленные программы;
3. При смене операционной системы;
4. При работе с BIOS (если есть физический доступ или его эмуляция);
5. При использовании программ низкоуровневого копирования и восстановления данных (например, Acronis Backup).

На всякий пожарный: не перезагружайте сервер во время установки/удаления программ.

Как перезагрузить сервер через консоль?

Linux-серверы можно перезагрузить в консоли 3 простыми способами (команды shutdown, reboot и init).

Вы можете использовать любое решение для удаленного подключения к серверу. Мы остановимся на SSH.

Как перезагрузить сервер по SSH?

Все действия должны выполняться из-под пользователя root.

Подключитесь к вашему серверу под root-пользователем. Пароль суперпользователя указан в личном кабинете и письме, отправленном после активации сервера:

После ввода команды соединение с сервером будет прервано. Перезагрузка займет до 15 минут.

1. Команда shutdown -r

Это базовая команда, которая используется для перезагрузки Linux-сервера с Ubuntu.

Введите команду, и сервер будет перезагружен сразу:

Еще можно запланировать перезагрузку, введя вместо now конкретное время. Например, назначим перезагрузку сервера на 11 утра:

shutdown -r 11:00

Также можно перезагрузить сервер через небольшой промежуток времени. Например, через 5 минут:

2. Команда reboot

Также можно перезагрузить Linux-серверы с Ubuntu, Debian, CentOS или другим дистрибутивом с помощью универсальной команды reboot.

Сначала она запишет в логи время остановки системы, уничтожит незавершенные процессы, вызовет опцию sync и дождется завершения записи на диск. И только после этих предварительных действий прекратит работу ядра и инициирует перезагрузку.

Введите команду, и сервер будет перезагружен сразу:

После ввода команды соединение с сервером будет прервано. Консоль оповестит: The system is going down for reboot NOW!

3. Команда init 6

Также для перезагрузки можно использовать уровни системы инициализации Init Scripts. Всего в этой системе 6 уровней: где 0 — выключение, а 6 — перезагрузка. Чтобы перейти к этому уровню, используйте команду:

Что делать, если сервер не работает после перезагрузки

Если в ходе перезагрузки что-то пошло не так, можно узнать о состоянии сервера, подключившись через IP-KVM.

Если решить проблему самостоятельно не получится, обратитесь в техническую поддержку. Специалисты перезагрузят сервер вручную и заменят неисправные комплектующие , если это потребуется.

Нужен надежный и недорогой выделенный сервер?

Выделенные серверы по низким ценам! Переходи и выбирай свой!

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SSH restart Linux system using reboot command

How to login using ssh

The syntax is:
ssh user@server
ssh user@server-ip-address
ssh root@server1.cyberciti.biz
For security reasons root login is always disabled on Linux servers. In that case login as normal user and use the su command or sudo command to gain root shell:
ssh vivek@server1.cyberciti.biz
sudo -i
Verify with id command:
id

SSH restart Linux system

Now, you know how to log in as root user using ssh command:
ssh user@linux-box
We will now reboot the Linux server using ssh. The syntax is as follows (use any one of the following command):
# reboot
# shutdown -r now
# shutdown -r 0
One can use the sudo command as follows:
$ sudo shutdown -r now
All of the above commands would reboot the machine. See “SSH Public Key Based Authentication on a Linux/Unix server” for more information.

SSH reboot command example

There is a shortcut too. You can use ssh to log in and run commands. The syntax is as follows when you log in as non-root user:
ssh -t vivek@server1.cyberciti.biz «sudo reboot»
ssh -t vivek@server1.cyberciti.biz «sudo shutdown -r now»
Of course, if you log in to Linux server as root user, avoid typing sudo:
ssh -t root@server1.cyberciti.biz «reboot»
ssh -t root@server1.cyberciti.biz «shutdown -r now»

Restarting Linux computer using ssh command line option

sudo: no tty present and no askpass program specified

If you skip the -t option to the ssh command, you will see an error that read as follows on screen:

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sudo: no tty present and no askpass program specified

A note about rebooting a large number of Linux servers

You can use bash for loop as follows to reboot 5 servers named www1, www2, db1, db2, and cache1:

And, there is an Ansible tool to reboot Linux machine or server with playbooks too. Say you want to reboot 100 AWS vms or servers. A bash for loop is slow and not very useful. Hence, you use an IT automation tool such as Ansible.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, you learned how to reboot the Linux machine using ssh. See shutdown(8) man page here for more info.

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How to Restart Linux server using putty ssh client on Windows

Step 1. Download putty

Visit this url and grab the putty package.

Step 2. Install putty

Just double click on the downloaded file “putty-64bit-0.70-installer.msi” and install on your system.

Step 3. Connect to the remote Linux server using putty

Open the putty application from Start menu or desktop shortcut and you will see an window as follows:

Step 4. Restart Linux server using putty ssh client

You must have the following information in order to reboot the Linux box:

1. Linux server IP address or FQDN: For example, 192.168.2.18 or 202.54.1.1 or server1.cyberciti.biz
2. Linux server username: For example: vivek
3. sudo command privileges or root account password that can be used with the su command

You need to type your server IP address, port and select ssh as connection method as follows:

If you are connecting first time, you should see an alert window as follows:

Just click the “Yes” button and you will get server login session as follows:

The sudo command means “superuser do.” It prompts you for your password and confirms your request to execute a command. You must enter your username and password. Once logged in type any one of the following command to reboot the Linux server:
sudo reboot
OR
sudo shutdown -r 0
When prompted you must type your password, and the Linux server will reboot. It will take 2-5 minutes for the server to come back online. You can verify that with the ping command to log in using putty again:
ping 192.168.2.18

A note about su command

The su command stands for “switch user”, and allows you to become root user. If sudo command is not available or installed or enabled on your Linux server. Use the su command as follows to become the root user (first, log in using putty and then type):
su —
When prompted for a password, you must type root user password. Once you become a root, type the following command to reboot the Linux server:
reboot

I restart Linux server using putty ssh client. It will take some time to boot the server again. So have some patience.

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Conclusion

And there you have it, and you just rebooted the Linux server using putty client for Windows family of operating systems.

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