С get hostname linux

How To Get Host Name and Domain Name Of Linux?

Host name is the identifier of a system in the network. Host name can be get with different ways in Linux. Host name is generally put in the /etc/hostname file.

Get Host name By Echoing Host name File

Host name information is stored in a file /etc/hostname . So we can simple print the host name to the terminal with echo command like below.

Get Host name By Echoing Host name File

Get Host name With hostname Command

We can get host name with hostname command. This will only list host name and will not print domain related information.

Get Host name With host name Command

Get Fully Qualified Host name

We can get fully qualified host name which provides full name with domain information.

Get Fully Qualified Host name

Hostname File

Host name file /etc/hostname will only provide host name with fully qualified domain name. There will any no other data in this file.

Change Host name

As the hostname is stored in the /etc/hostname file we can change the hostname by editing this file. We will set the hostname as ubu1 with the following echo command. Keep in mind that in order to change /etc/hostname file we require root privileges which can be get with the sudo command.

Change Hostname

Get Domain Name

Domain name information is about the systems network configuration.

How To Get Host Name and Domain Name Of Linux? Infografic

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Linux Find Out My Machine Name/Hostname

The procedure to find the computer name on Linux:

1. Open a command-line terminal app (select Applications > Accessories > Terminal), and then type:
2. hostname
   OR
   hostnamectl
   OR
   cat /proc/sys/kernel/hostname
3. Press [Enter] key

Linux find hostname using hostnamectl

Type the following command if you are using systemd based Linux distro:
$ hostnamectl

It is possible to filter output using the grep command:
$ hostnamectl | grep ‘hostname’
OR simply use the cat command as follows too:
$ cat /proc/sys/kernel/hostname

Linux find computer name using hostname command

At the terminal type hostname command:
$ hostname
Sample outputs
vivek-laptop.nixcraft.in
Where,

• vivek-laptop : You computer name.
• nixcraft.in : Your dNS domain name.
• vivek-laptop.nixcraft.in : Your computer name with Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN).

To see the domain part of the FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name), enter:
$ dnsdomainname
Sample outputs:

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How Do I Change My Hostname?

The hostname commands set the host name using the following syntax. Please note that only the super-user / root can change the names. To switch to the root user by typing su – and entering the root password, when prompted.
# hostname newhostname.nixcraft.in
# hostname laptop.nixcraft.net.in
# hostnamectl set-hostname laptop.nixcraft.in
You need to edit /etc/hostname or /etc/sysconfig/network file to set hostname permanently. See our previous FAQ about changing hostname using configuration files.

Conclusion

The hostnamectl command may be used to query and change the system hostname and related settings on modern Linux distros such as Debian, Ubuntu, CentOS/RHEL, Fedora, Arch Linux and more.

Getting help

I strongly suggest that your read the man pages by typing the man command:
$ man hostname
$ man hostnamectl
$ hostnamectl —help

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How to Use the hostname Command in Linux

Home » SysAdmin » How to Use the hostname Command in Linux

The Linux hostname command is used to view or change a system’s domain and hostname. It can also check a computer’s IP address.

In this tutorial, we will cover all the ways you can use the hostname command on Linux and how to change your computer’s hostname on a Linux system.

• A system running Linux
• Access to the command line / terminal window

hostname Command Syntax

The hostname command uses the following format:

Use the [options] parameter to add more specific instructions to the hostname command. Without it, the default output shows your computer’s hostname:

Use the [new_hostname] parameter when you want to change your computer’s hostname.

hostname Command Examples

The hostname command has a number of options you can use for more specific outputs:

• -a , —alias : Displays the alias name of the host.
• -A , —all-fqdns : Displays every FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name) of the computer.
• -b , —boot : Always set a hostname.
• -d , —domain : Display DNS domain name.
• -f , —fqdn , —long : Display the FQDN.
• -F , —file : Check a file to recover and display the hostname.
• -h , —help : Print the help message as the output.
• -i , —ip-address : Display the computer’s IP address.
• -I , —all-ip-addresses : Display all of the computer’s network addresses.
• -s , —short : Display the short version of the hostname.
• -v , —verbose : Expand all output to verbose.
• -y , —yp , —nis : Display the NIS domain name.

Display Hostname

Using the hostname command without any additional options displays the computer’s hostname:

Display Short Hostname

Use the -s or —short option to display the short version of the hostname, which is cut off at the first dot:

Display Alias

Use the -a or —alias option to display the alias (substitute hostname) of the host if one is set. There are very few cases where this option is useful, and its use is no longer recommended.

Search for Hostnames

Use the -F or —file option to search a specific file (such as hostname or hosts) and change your computer’s hostname to match the content of the file:

Note: When using the -F or —file options, also specify the path to the file you want to check.

Force Default Hostname

If you don’t want to have a specific file containing the hostname, or want to leave that file empty, use the -b or —boot option. This makes your computer use the default hostname (localhost) until you set a different one:

Display Domain Name

Use the -d or —domain option to display the name of your DNS domain:

Display FQDN

If you want to display a system’s FQDN, use the -f , —fqdn , or —long option:

A FQDN contains the short hostname and the DNS domain name.

Display All FQDNs

To display each FQDN of your machine, use the -A or —all-fqdns option:

This option lists out all of your network addresses and their DNS domain names. It skips any addresses that it can’t translate.

Note: Different network addresses may translate to same DNS domain names. This can result in duplicate output entries when using -A or —all-fqdns options.

Display NIS Domain

If you’re using NIS (Network Information Service), you can check your NIS domain name with the -y , —yp , or —nis option:

Change NIS Domain Name

Use this command with the following format to change your NIS domain name:

Display Related Network Addresses

The hostname command also lets your display network addresses tied to a hostname. To do this, use the -i or —ip-address option:

This command only works if the hostname can be resolved.

Display All Network Addresses

Use the -I or —all-ip-addresses option to display all of the host’s network addresses. Unlike -i , this option doesn’t depend on hostname resolution:

Change Hostname Until Reboot

You can change your computer’s hostname with the hostname command. To do this, use the following format:

Any changes to the hostname you make using this command will only last until the next reboot.

Change Hostname Permanently

To change the hostname permanently, use a text editor like Nano to make changes to the hostname and hosts files:

You can also use the hostnamectl command to permanently change the hostname:

Additional hostname Options

Use the -V or —version option to print out the version of the hostname software package on your Linux system:

If you need help with any of the commands, use the -h or —help option to print out a help message:

After following this guide, you now know how to use the hostname command in Linux and all the options that can extend its use.

For more Linux commands, check out our Linux Commands Cheat Sheet.

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Linux hostname command

On Unix-like operating systems, the hostname command shows or sets the system hostname.

This page covers the GNU/Linux version of hostname.

Description

hostname is used to display the system’s DNS name, and to display or set its hostname or NIS (Network Information Services) domain name.

When called without any arguments, hostname displays the name of the system as returned by the gethostname function.

When called with one argument or with the —file option, hostname sets the system’s hostname using the sethostname function. Only the superuser can set the hostname.

The hostname is usually set once at system startup in the script /etc/init.d/hostname.sh normally by reading the contents of a file which contains the hostname, e.g., /etc/hostname.

Syntax

Options

-a, —alias	Display the alias name of the host (if used). This option is deprecated and should not be used anymore.
-A, —all-fqdns	Displays every FQDN of the machine. This option enumerates all configured network addresses on all configured network interfaces, and translates them to DNS domain names. Addresses that cannot be translated (i.e., because they do not have an appropriate reverse DNS entry) are skipped. Note that different addresses may resolve to the same name, therefore the output may contain duplicate entries. Do not make any assumptions about the order of the output.
-b, —boot	Always set a hostname; this allows the file specified by -F to be non-existant or empty, in which case the default hostname localhost will be used if none is yet set.
-d, —domain	Display the name of the DNS domain. Don’t use the command domainname to get the DNS domain name because it shows the NIS domain name and not the DNS domain name. Use dnsdomainname instead. See the warnings in the FQDN section, and avoid using this option if at all possible.
-f, —fqdn, —long	Display the FQDN (fully qualified domain name). A FQDN consists of a short hostname and the DNS domain name. Unless you are using BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain) or NIS for host lookups, you can change the FQDN and the DNS domain name (which is part of the FQDN) in the /etc/hosts file. See the warnings in the FQDN section, and avoid using this option if at all possible; use hostname —all-fqdns instead.
-F, —file file name	Read the hostname from the specified file. Comments (lines starting with a `#‘) are ignored.
-i, —ip-address	Display the network address(es) of the hostname. Note that this works only if the hostname can be resolved. Avoid using this option if at all possible; use hostname —all-ip-addresses instead.
-I, —all-ip-addresses	Display all network addresses of the host. This option enumerates all configured addresses on all network interfaces. The loopback interface and IPv6 link-local addresses are omitted. Contrary to option -i, this option does not depend on name resolution. Do not make any assumptions about the order of the output.
-s, —short	Display the short hostname. This is the hostname cut at the first dot.
-v, —verbose	Be verbose with all output.
-V, —version	Print version information on standard output and exit successfully.
-y, —yp, —nis	Display the NIS domain name. If a parameter is given (or —file name ) then root (the superuser) can also set a new NIS domain.
-h, —help	Print a help message and exit.

The FQDN

The FQDN (fully qualified domain name) of the system is the name that the resolver returns for the hostname, such as mysubdomain.example.com. It is usually the hostname followed by the DNS domain name (the part after the first dot). You can check the FQDN using hostname —fqdn or the domain name using dnsdomainname.

You cannot change the FQDN with hostname or dnsdomainname.

The recommended method of setting the FQDN is to make the hostname be an alias for the fully qualified name using /etc/hosts, DNS, or NIS. For example, if the hostname was «mysubdomain«, one might have a line in /etc/hosts which reads:

Technically: The FQDN is the name getaddrinfo returns for the hostname returned by gethostname. The DNS domain name is the part after the first dot.

Therefore it depends on the configuration of the resolver (usually in /etc/host.conf) how you can change it. Usually, the hosts file is parsed before DNS or NIS, so it is most common to change the FQDN in /etc/hosts.

If a machine has multiple network interfaces/addresses or is used in a mobile environment, then it may either have multiple FQDNs/domain names or none at all. Therefore avoid using hostname —fqdn, hostname —domain and dnsdomainname.

hostname —ip-address is subject to the same limitations so it should be avoided as well.

Files

/etc/hostname	Historically this file was supposed to only contain the hostname and not the full canonical FQDN. Nowadays most software can cope with a full FQDN here. This file is read at boot time by the system initialization scripts to set the hostname.
/etc/hosts	Usually, this is where one sets the domain name by aliasing the hostname to the FQDN.

Examples

Displays the system hostname.

Related commands

hostid — Print the numeric identifier for the current host.
uname — Print information about the current system.

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