Service list command linux

How to List All Running Services Under Systemd in Linux

A Linux systems provide a variety of system services (such as process management, login, syslog, cron, etc.) and network services (such as remote login, e-mail, printers, web hosting, data storage, file transfer, domain name resolution (using DNS), dynamic IP address assignment (using DHCP), and much more).

Technically, a service is a process or group of processes (commonly known as daemons) running continuously in the background, waiting for requests to come in (especially from clients).

Linux supports different ways to manage (start, stop, restart, enable auto-start at system boot, etc.) services, typically through a process or service manager. Most if not all modern Linux distributions now use the same process manager: systemd.

Systemd is a system and service manager for Linux; a drop-in replacement for the init process, which is compatible with SysV and LSB init scripts and the systemctl command is the primary tool to manage systemd.

In this guide, we will demonstrate how to list all running services under systemd in Linux.

Listing Running Services Under SystemD in Linux

When you run the systemctl command without any arguments, it will display a list of all loaded systemd units (read the systemd documentation for more information about systemd units) including services, showing their status (whether active or not).

To list all loaded services on your system (whether active; running, exited or failed, use the list-units subcommand and —type switch with a value of service.

List All Services Under Systemd

And to list all loaded but active services, both running and those that have exited, you can add the —state option with a value of active, as follows.

List All Active Running Services in Systemd

But to get a quick glance of all running services (i.e all loaded and actively running services), run the following command.

List Running Services in Systemd

If you frequently use the previous command, you can create an alias command in your

/.bashrc file as shown, to easily invoke it.

Then add the following line under the list of aliases as shown in the screenshot.

Create a Alias for Long Command

Save the changes in the file and close it. And from now onwards, use the “running_services” command to view a list of all loaded, actively running services on your server.

View All Running Services

Besides, an important aspect of services is the port they use. To determine the port a daemon process is listening on, you can use the netstat or ss tools as shown.

Where the flag -l means print all listening sockets, -t displays all TCP connections, -u shows all UDP connections, -n means print numeric port numbers (instead of application names) and -p means show application name.

The fifth column shows the socket: Local Address:Port. In this case, the process zabbix_agentd is listening on port 10050.

Determine Process Port

Also, if your server has a firewall service running, which controls how to block or allow traffic to or from selected services or ports, you can list services or ports that have been opened in the firewall, using the firewall-cmd or ufw command (depending on the Linux distributions you are using) as shown.

List Open Services and Ports on Firewall

That’s all for now! In this guide, we demonstrated how to view running services under systemd in Linux. We also covered how to check the port a service is listening on and how to view services or ports opened in the system firewall. Do you have any additions to make or questions? If yes, reach us using the comment form below.

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How to List Services in Linux

In this article, I will show you how to list all running services on Linux. We will also check how to check the status of a service on a systemd system.

Let’s learn different commands used to list services on Centos/RHEL 7.x.

Check and Listing linux services (systemd on Centos/RHEL 7.x)

To list systemd services we will use systemctl command as below

Sample Output

To list active systemd services run

Sample Output

Another command you can use is

Sample Output

You can pipe the output to grep to search a more specific service as shown below

Output

Listing services using Netstat Command

Nestat command is a tool used for examining active network connections, interface statistics as well as the routing table. It’s available in all Linux distributions and here we will check how to list services using netstat command.

To check the services alongside the ports they are listening.

Output

Viewing /etc/services file

The /etc/services is an ASCII file that contains information about numerous services that client applications might use on the computer. Within the file is the service name, port number and protocol it uses, and any applicable aliases. ITO put t indicates whether a service is TCP or UDP and the name it goes by according to IANA. This information is helpful especially if you are unsure which service is running on which port by default.

To get a clearer picture, view the /etc/services file using a text editor of your choice.

Output

Systemd services status check

In newer versions of Linux, Systemd init is present. To check if a service is running, use the syntax below

Syntax

For example, to check if OpenSSH is running on your system, run

Output

Alternatively, you can use the syntax below to check if the service is active

In this case, to check if OpenSSH is active, execute

Output

Also, you can use the command below to check if a service is enabled

To check if OpenSSH is enabled, run

Output

Checking the status of services in older systems (Centos/Rhel 6.x)

For systems running SysV Init, you can check the status of services by running

For example, to check the status of OpenSSH, run

Output

You can also check all services by running

Output

We hope you found this article useful. Feel free to try out some of the systemd commands listed here.

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Red Hat / CentOS Check and List Running Services Linux Command

H ow do I list all currently running services in Fedora / RHEL / CentOS Linux server? How can I check the status of a service using systemd based CentOS/RHEL 7.x and RHEL/CentOS 8.x?

There are various ways and tools to find and list all running services under a Fedora / RHEL / CentOS Linux systems.

Tutorial details
Difficulty level	Easy
Root privileges	Yes
Requirements	RHEL or CentOS Linux
Est. reading time	6 minutes

Red Hat / CentOS Check and List Running Services Command

Please note that systemd based system such as CentOS/RHEL 7.x/8.x and latest version of fedora use the systemctl command to list running services

List running services using service command on a CentOS/RHEL 6.x or older

The syntax is as follows for CentOS/RHEL 6.x and older (pre systemd systems) :
service —status-all
service —status-all | more
service —status-all | grep ntpd
service —status-all | less

Print the status of any service

To print the status of apache (httpd) service:
service httpd status
Display status of sshd service:
service sshd status

List all known services (configured via SysV)

List service and their open ports

Turn on / off service

ntsysv
chkconfig service off
chkconfig service on
chkconfig httpd off
chkconfig ntpd on
ntsysv is a simple interface for configuring runlevel services which are also configurable through chkconfig. By default, it configures the current runlevel. Just type ntsysv and select service you want to run.

Red Hat / CentOS List Running Services using systemctl ( RHEL/CentOS 7.x/8.x )

If you are using systemd based Linux distros such as Fedora Linux v22/23/24/26/27/28/29/30/31 or RHEL/CentOS Linux 7.x/8.x. Try the following command to list running services using the systemctl command. It control the systemd system and service manager.

To list systemd services on CentOS/RHEL 7.x+ use

The syntax is:
systemctl
systemctl | more
systemctl | grep httpd
systemctl list-units —type service
systemctl list-units —type mount
To list all services:
systemctl list-unit-files
Sample outputs:

Fig.01: List all units installed on the CentOS /RHEL 7 systemd based system, along with their current states

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10+ commands to list all systemctl services with status

Table of Contents

In this tutorial I will share the commands which you can use to list systemctl services along with their state. You can use these methods in scripts to add service status checks to make sure service is in running or failed state.

Are you new to systemd and systemctl?

With RHEL/CentOS 7, now we have services based on systemd and the SysV scripts are deprecated. If you are new to systemd then I would suggest reading this another article where I have done 1:1 comparison between SysV and systemd services.

Now with systemd the traditional Linux commands such as chckconfig , service etc are not supported any more. Although you can still use these commands but they can be removed in upcoming releases.

For example, with RHEL/CentOS 6 we used to use chkconfig to enable or disable service at different run level. Now with RHEL 8 also I see we are allowed to use chkconfig

But the request is internally routed to systemctl . Similarly you can restart a service using traditional command i.e. service . For example, to restart sshd :

This request was also transferred to systemctl .

So I hope you understood the point, at the time of writing this article with RHEL 8.1

we are still allowed to use traditional SysV commands but it can be removed in any release now. So I would strongly recommend users to start using systemctl commands as they are very user friendly and powerful tool with the amount of options they support.

systemctl list unit files loaded in memory

List active unit files

First of all we will list all the unit files which are currently available in the memory of our Linux server. This command will list only the active units from the server’s memory:

systemctl list-units

List all the unit files

To list all the units independent of their state add » —all » to this command

systemctl list-units —all

As you can see now it is loading all the unit files including failed , inactive unit files

systemctl list installed unit files

Now list-units shows the list of units which are currently loaded in the memory but not necessarily installed on the server. To view the list of unit files which are currently installed on our server we use:

systemctl list-unit-files

List type of unit files

There can be different types of unit files such as service, socket, mount etc. To further filter the unit files we can add type= argument with list-unit-files . The argument should be a comma-separated list of unit types.

systemctl list services

To list all the installed systemctl services from our Linux server:

systemctl list services

This should give us a complete list of installed services (independent of it’s state)

systemctl list mount files

With systemd all the partitions and file system are mounted as part of mount type unit files. So we can also list all the mount type unit files available on our server using type=mount

systemctl list mount

We can further use this with different other type of unit files such as socket, target etc.

List state of services

systemctl list enabled services

To list all the service unit files which are currently in enabled state use —state=enabled

systemctl list enabled services

systemctl list disabled services

We can provided multiple state type with —state= argument where individual state values will be comma separated. For example to list all the systemctl service which are either enabled or disabled

systemctl list enabled and disabled services

systemctl list running services

To list the running services we will use list-units in combination with —type=service and —state=running

systemctl list running services

systemctl list failed services

To list failed services you can use —state=failed

OR alternatively we can directly use

systemctl list failed services

Check service status of individual unit file

Now the above commands will give you the status of all the unit files which are installed or available on your server. To check the status of individual file we do not want to use those commands in combination with grep and other filter utility.

Now assuming I wish to check the status of sshd service. So I can use

which can give me a long list of output along with the actual status such as active, running loaded. Now these three states can also be grepped individually using the properties of a unit file

To check if a systemctl service is running or not use:

To check if a service is active or inactive :

OR you can also use:

To check if a service is loaded or not:

So we can individually grep the state of individual services using their properties. To list all the properties of a service you can use:

Conclusion

In this article we learned little bit more about systemd and systemctl unit files. I have explained about the different types of unit files and commands using which we can get the list of running services, sockets, targets etc with systemctl . We can also get individual status of services using the property of unit files which gives us much more control over the details of each service. We can use these properties in scripts for automation purpose.

Lastly I hope the steps from the article to list running services on Linux was helpful. So, let me know your suggestions and feedback using the comment section.

References

I have used below external references for this tutorial guide

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1 thought on “10+ commands to list all systemctl services with status”

Amazing post, much gratitude for this great information!

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