1. Somebody will clean the windows. The windows will be cleaned 2. Mr. Romero will meet you at the airport. _________________________________________ 3. The manager will process your application. _________________________________________ 4. Sara will find your glasses. _________________________________________ 5. The waiter will bring food. _________________________________________ 6. Fireman will help you. _________________________________________ 7. Thief will steal that bicycle. _________________________________________ 8. The waitress will take your order. _________________________________________ 9. Paulo Coelho will write a new book. _________________________________________ 10. The Architect will design a stadium. ____________________________

2. You will be met at the airport by Mr. Romero.

3. Your application will be processed by the manager.

4. Your glasses will be found by Sara.

5. The food will be brought by the waiter.

6. You will be helped by the fireman.

7. The bicycle will be stolen by a thief.

8. Your order will be taken by the waitress.

9. A new book will be written by Paulo Coelho.

10. A stadium will be designed by the architect. «>]» data-test=»answer-box-list»>

Respuesta:

2. You will be met at the airport by Mr. Romero.

3. Your application will be processed by the manager.

4. Your glasses will be found by Sara.

5. The food will be brought by the waiter.

6. You will be helped by the fireman.

7. The bicycle will be stolen by a thief.

8. Your order will be taken by the waitress.

9. A new book will be written by Paulo Coelho.

10. A stadium will be designed by the architect.

Сausative form в английском языке: have something done / have someone do

Causative form в английском языке представлена следующими конструкциями

• have something done (дословно – иметь что-то сделанным для себя же)
• have someone do something (заставить кого-то что-то сделать для вас)

HAVE SMTH DONE

Мы используем выражение have + object + past participle (have something done) чтобы описать услугу, которую нам оказали, или какое-то неприятное событие, которое с нами произошло в тех случаях, когда действие производим не мы, но направленно оно на нас или на нашу собственность.

I had my car stolen – У меня украли машину.

We had the roof repaired last year. – Нам починили крышу в прошлом году.

Не has had his application turned down – Eго заявление отклонили.

My girlfriend has her letter published in the Times – Письмо моей девушки напечатали в Таймс.

В качестве подлежащего в таком предложении будет выступать человек, на которого направленно действие, либо лицо, на чью собственность направлено действие. Такая конструкция в английском языке используется довольно часто.

Обратите внимание, в устной речи выражение часто употребляется с get вместо have без изменения в значении.

We have our fence pulled down = We get our fence pulled down.

Как использовать выражение have something done?

Causative form have something done можно использовать в любом времени. При этом меняется только глагол to have. Давайте рассмотрим на примере предложения We have the office cleaned (В нашем офисе провели уборку)

We have the office cleaned

We had the office cleaned

We will have the office cleaned

We are having the office cleaned

We were having the office cleaned

We will be having the office cleaned

We have had the office cleaned

We had had the office cleaned

We will have had the office cleaned

Present Perfect Continuous

We have been having the office cleaned

Past Perfect Continuous

We had been having the office cleaned

Future Perfect Continuous

We will have been having the office cleaned

Конечно, все формы Perfect Continuous и форма Future Perfect практически не используются в устной речи, так как слишком перегружены вспомогательными глаголами.

HAVE SMB DO SMTH

Вторая возможная форма Causative – have someone do something. Это выражение более характерно для американского, нежели для британского английского. Оно означает, что вы заставили / попросили кого-либо что-то для вас сделать.

I will have the waiter bring you the menu. – Я попрошу официанта принести тебе меню.

I had my assistant type the report. – Я попросил помощника напечатать отчет.

В Британии вместо have часто говорят get, как и в случае с выражением have / get something done. Однако, при использовании get, выражение будет вида get someone to do something (появляется частица to).

I will get the waiter to bring you the menu.

I got my assistant to type the report.

Таким образом, causative в английском языке представлен следующими конструкциями:

Упражнения на Causative form с ответами.

Давайте немного попрактикуемся.

Упражнение 1. Complete the sentences using the correct form of “to have something done”

1. The Smiths ___________ the roof _______________ last year. (repair)
2. Molly ______________ the room ____________________ next month. (decorate)
3. You should ___________ your eyes ___________ regularly. (test)
4. We ___________ the television _________________ only last year! (repair)
5. ________ you ____________ your car ______________ regularly? (service)
6. How often ___________ you _____________ your windows _____________? (clean)
7. We _________________ the office _________________ every evening. (clean)
8. Our neighbors __________________ a new garage ______________ at the moment (build)

Упражнение 2. Write down the sentences using the correct causative form. Use a modal verb where appropriate.

1. Bob must/ really / the heating / fix. Winter is coming soon.
2. She / her hair / dye blonde yesterday.
3. They / the rooms / paint at the moment.
4. After Alex / the sleeves / shorten, the blazer fit him perfectly.
5. Instead of buying a new car, why / you / not / your old one / fix / ?
6. What are those workmen doing in your garden? – Oh, we / a garage / build
7. They / not / their TV / fix / yet
8. Her coffee maker was broken. Now it’s working again. She / it /repair

Упражнение 3. Rewrite the sentences using HAVE SOMETHING DONE

1. Someone cut Kate’s hair at 13.30 pm.

1. The mechanic is changing Peter’s car battery.

1. The hairdresser dyed my mother’s hair last Saturday.

1. Someone checks Henry’s guitar after every show.

1. The dentist checks my teeth once a year.

Упражнение 3. Rewrite the sentences using HAVE SOMEBODY DO SOMETHING

1. The mechanic changes Peter’s car battery yearly.

1. The hairdresser dyed my mother’s hair last Saturday.

1. The assistant checks Henry’s guitar after every show.

1. The dentist checks my teeth once a year.

Ответы:

1. The Smiths had the roof repaired last year.
2. Molly is going to have/is having the room decorated next month.
3. You should have your eyes tested regularly.
4. We had the television repaired only last year!
5. Do you have your car serviced regularly?
6. How often do you have your windows cleaned?
7. We have the office cleaned every evening.
8. Our neighbors are having a new garage built at the moment.

1. Bob really must have the heating fixed.
2. She had her hair dyed blonde yesterday
3. They are having the rooms painted at the moment
4. After Alex had had the sleeves shortened, the blazer fit him perfectly.
5. Instead of buying a new car, why don’t you have your old one fixed?
6. We are having a garage built.
7. They have not had their TV fixed yet.

1. Kate had her hair cut at 13.30 pm.
2. Peter is having his car battery changed.
3. My mother had her hair dyed last Saturday.
4. Henry has his guitar checked after every show.
5. I have my teeth checked once a year.

1. Peter has the mechanic change his car battery yearly.
2. My mother had the hairdresser dye her hair last Saturday.
3. Henry has his assistant check his guitar after every show.
4. I have the dentist check my teeth once a year.

Надеюсь, правила и упражнения помогли Вам разобраться в теме causative forms.

Понравилось? Сохраните на будущее и поделитесь с друзьями!

4 Комментариев для «Сausative form в английском языке: have something done / have someone do»

Во 2 упражнении нет ответа на последний (8)вопрос.

Можем ли использовать структуру have smth done после модальных глаголов need, may, can, want

Конструкция have something done может использоваться с модальными глаголами.

You should have your wisdom tooth removed. – Тебе стоит удалить зуб мудрости.

У меня вопрос одно предложение меня мучает Did the professional make the cake for me?

Пассивный (страдательный) залог 1 (present и past simple)

Изучите этот пример:

This house was built in 1935.
Этот дом был построен в 1935 году.

Was built is passive (пассивный/страдательный залог).

Сравните активный (действительный) и пассивный залоги:

Когда мы используем активный глагол, мы говорим о том, что делает подлежащее (subject):

• My grandfather was a builder. He built this house in 1935. (Он построил. )
• It’s a big company. It employs two hundred people. (Она предоставляет работу. )

Когда мы используем пассивный глагол, мы говорим о том, что происходит с подлежащим:

• This house is quite old. It was built in 1935.
• Two hundred people are employed by the company.
  Двести человек трудоустроены в этой компании. (досл.: есть нанятые)

Когда мы используем пассивный залог, мы часто не знаем кто или что совершает действие, либо нам не важно это знать:

• A lot of money was stolen in the robbery. (кто-то украл их, но мы не знаем кто)
• Is this room cleaned every day? (кто-нибудь прибирает комнату? — не важно кто)

Если нам нужно сказать кто или что совершает действие, мы добавляем by . :

• This house was built by my grandfather. (моим дедушкой)
• Two hundred people are employed by the company. (компанией)

Пассивный залог состоит из глагола be (is/was и т.д.) + past participle (причастие прошедшего времени) (done/cleaned/seen и т.д.):

(be) done (be) cleaned (be) damaged (be) built (be) seen etc.

Изучите активные и пассивные формы для present simple и past simple:

clean(s) / see(s) etc.

am/is/are + cleaned/seen etc.

• Many accidents are caused by careless driving.
  Много несчастных случаев происходит из-за невнимательности на дорогах.
• I’m not often invited to parties.
  Меня не часто приглашают на вечеринки.
• How is this word pronounced?
  Как произносится это слово?

cleaned/saw etc.

was/were + cleaned/seen etc.

• We were woken up by a loud noise during the night.
  Нас разбудил громкий шум посреди ночи.
• ‘Did you go to the party?’ ‘No, I wasn’t invited.’
  Ты ходил на вечеринку? — Нет, меня не пригласили.
• How much money was stolen in the robbery?
  Сколько денег было украдено во время ограбления?

Упражнения

1. Закончите предложения, используя один из этих глаголов в правильной форме настоящего или прошедшего времени:

cause	damage	hold	invite	make
overtake	show	surround	translate	write

1. Many accidents by dangerous driving.
2. Cheese from milk.
3. The roof of the building in a storm a few days ago.
4. You to the wedding. Why didn’t you go?
5. A cinema is a place where films .
6. In the United States, elections for president every four years.
7. Originally the book in Spanish, and a few years ago it into English.
8. Although we were driving quite fast, we by a lot of other cars.
9. You can’t see the house from the road. It by trees.

2. Напишите вопросы, используя пассив настоящего или прошедшего времени.

1. Ask about glass. (how/make?)
2. Ask about television. (when / invent?)
3. Ask about mountains. (how / form?)
4. Ask about Pluto (the planet). (when / discover?)
5. Ask about silver. (what / use for?)

3. Поставьте глагол в правильную форму: present simple или past simple, active или passive.

1. It’s a big factory. Five hundred people (employ) there.
2. (somebody / clean) this room yesterday?
3. Water (cover) most of the earth’s surface.
4. How much of the earth’s surface (cover) by water?
5. The park gates (lock) at 6.30 p.m. every evening.
6. The letter (post) a week ago and it (arrive) yesterday.
7. The boat hit a rock and (sink) quickly. Fortunately everybody (rescue).
8. Richard’s parents (die) when he was very young. He and his sister (bring up) by their grandparents.
9. I was born in London, but I (grow up) in Canada.

4. Перепишите эти предложения. Вместо somebody, they, people и др. используйте пассивный залог.

1. Somebody cleans the room every day.
2. They cancelled all flights because of fog.
3. People don’t use this road much.
4. Somebody accused me of stealing money.
5. How do people learn languages?
6. Somebody warned us not to go out alone.