Sql server 2008 r2 express linux

Installation guidance for SQL Server on Linux

Applies to: SQL Server (all supported versions) — Linux

This article provides guidance for installing, updating, and uninstalling SQL Server 2017 and SQL Server 2019 on Linux.

For other deployment scenarios, see:

This guide covers several deployment scenarios. If you are only looking for step-by-step installation instructions, jump to one of the quickstarts:

For answers to frequently asked questions, see the SQL Server on Linux FAQ.

Supported platforms

SQL Server is supported on Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES), and Ubuntu. It is also supported as a Docker image, which can run on Docker Engine on Linux or Docker for Windows/Mac.

Platform	Supported version(s)	Get
Red Hat Enterprise Linux	7.7 — 7.9, 8.0 — 8.3	Get RHEL
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server	v12 SP3 — SP5	Get SLES v12
Ubuntu	16.04, 18.04	Get Ubuntu 18.04
Docker Engine	1.8+	Get Docker

Supported platforms

Platform	File System	Installation Guide	Get
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.7 — 7.9, or 8.0 — 8.3 Server	XFS or EXT4	Installation guide	Get RHEL 8.0
SUSE Enterprise Linux Server v12 SP3 — SP5	XFS or EXT4	Installation guide	Get SLES v12
Ubuntu 16.04 LTS, 18.04 LTS, 20.04 LTS	XFS or EXT4	Installation guide	Get Ubuntu 20.04
Docker Engine 1.8+ on Windows, Mac, or Linux	N/A	Installation guide	Get Docker

For more information, review the system requirements for SQL Server on Linux. For the latest support policy for SQL Server 2017, see the Technical support policy for Microsoft SQL Server.

Microsoft also supports deploying and managing SQL Server containers by using OpenShift and Kubernetes.

SQL Server is tested and supported on Linux for the previously listed distributions. If you choose to install SQL Server on an unsupported operating system, please review the Support policy section of the Technical support policy for Microsoft SQL Server to understand the support implications.

System requirements

SQL Server has the following system requirements for Linux:

Requirement
Memory	2 GB
File System	XFS or EXT4 (other file systems, such as BTRFS, are unsupported)
Disk space	6 GB
Processor speed	2 GHz
Processor cores	2 cores
Processor type	x64-compatible only

If you use Network File System (NFS) remote shares in production, note the following support requirements:

• Use NFS version 4.2 or higher. Older versions of NFS do not support required features, such as fallocate and sparse file creation, common to modern file systems.
• Locate only the /var/opt/mssql directories on the NFS mount. Other files, such as the SQL Server system binaries, are not supported.
• Ensure that NFS clients use the ‘nolock’ option when mounting the remote share.

Configure source repositories

When you install or upgrade SQL Server, you get the latest version of SQL Server from your configured Microsoft repository. The quickstarts use the Cumulative Update CU repository for SQL Server. But you can instead configure a GDR repository. For more information on repositories and how to configure them, see Configure repositories for SQL Server on Linux.

Install SQL Server

You can install SQL Server 2017 or SQL Server 2019 on Linux from the command line. For step-by-step instructions, see one of the following quickstarts:

Platform	Installation quickstarts
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)	2017 | 2019
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES)	2017 | 2019
Ubuntu	2017 | 2019
Docker	2017 | 2019

You can also run SQL Server on Linux in an Azure virtual machine. For more information, see Provision a SQL VM in Azure.

After installing, consider making additional configuration changes for optimal performance. For more information, see Performance best practices and configuration guidelines for SQL Server on Linux.

Update or Upgrade SQL Server

To update the mssql-server package to the latest release, use one of the following commands based on your platform:

Platform	Package update command(s)
RHEL	sudo yum update mssql-server
SLES	sudo zypper update mssql-server
Ubuntu	sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install mssql-server

These commands download the newest package and replace the binaries located under /opt/mssql/ . The user generated databases and system databases are not affected by this operation.

To upgrade SQL Server, first change your configured repository to the desired version of SQL Server. Then use the same update command to upgrade your version of SQL Server. This is only possible if the upgrade path is supported between the two repositories.

Rollback SQL Server

To rollback or downgrade SQL Server to a previous release, use the following steps:

Identify the version number for the SQL Server package you want to downgrade to. For a list of package numbers, see the Release notes.

Downgrade to a previous version of SQL Server. In the following commands, replace with the SQL Server version number you identified in step one.

Platform	Package update command(s)
RHEL	sudo yum downgrade mssql-server- .x86_64
SLES	sudo zypper install —oldpackage mssql-server=
Ubuntu	sudo apt-get install mssql-server= sudo systemctl start mssql-server

It is only supported to downgrade to a release within the same major version, such as SQL Server 2019.

Check installed SQL Server version

To verify your current version and edition of SQL Server on Linux, use the following procedure:

If not already installed, install the SQL Server command-line tools.

Use sqlcmd to run a Transact-SQL command that displays your SQL Server version and edition.

Uninstall SQL Server

To remove the mssql-server package on Linux, use one of the following commands based on your platform:

Platform	Package removal command(s)
RHEL	sudo yum remove mssql-server
SLES	sudo zypper remove mssql-server
Ubuntu	sudo apt-get remove mssql-server

Removing the package does not delete the generated database files. If you want to delete the database files, use the following command:

Unattended install

You can perform an unattended installation in the following way:

• Follow the initial steps in the quickstarts to register the repositories and install SQL Server.
• When you run mssql-conf setup , set environment variables and use the -n (no prompt) option.

The following example configures the Developer edition of SQL Server with the MSSQL_PID environment variable. It also accepts the EULA (ACCEPT_EULA) and sets the SA user password (MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD). The -n parameter performs an unprompted installation where the configuration values are pulled from the environment variables.

You can also create a script that performs other actions. For example, you could install other SQL Server packages.

For a more detailed sample script, see the following examples:

Offline install

If your Linux machine does not have access to the online repositories used in the quick starts, you can download the package files directly. These packages are located in the Microsoft repository, https://packages.microsoft.com.

If you successfully installed with the steps in the quick starts, you do not need to download or manually install the SQL Server package(s). This section is only for the offline scenario.

Download the database engine package for your platform. Find package download links in the package details section of the Release Notes.

Move the downloaded package to your Linux machine. If you used a different machine to download the packages, one way to move the packages to your Linux machine is with the scp command.

Install the database engine package. Use one of the following commands based on your platform. Replace the package file name in this example with the exact name you downloaded.

Platform	Package install command
RHEL	sudo yum localinstall mssql-server_versionnumber.x86_64.rpm
SLES	sudo zypper install mssql-server_versionnumber.x86_64.rpm
Ubuntu	sudo dpkg -i mssql-server_versionnumber_amd64.deb

You can also install the RPM packages (RHEL and SLES) with the rpm -ivh command, but the commands in the previous table automatically install dependencies if available from approved repositories.

Resolve missing dependencies: You might have missing dependencies at this point. If not, you can skip this step. On Ubuntu, if you have access to approved repositories containing those dependencies, the easiest solution is to use the apt-get -f install command. This command also completes the installation of SQL Server. To manually inspect dependencies, use the following commands:

Platform	List dependencies command
RHEL	rpm -qpR mssql-server_versionnumber.x86_64.rpm
SLES	rpm -qpR mssql-server_versionnumber.x86_64.rpm
Ubuntu	dpkg -I mssql-server_versionnumber_amd64.deb

After resolving the missing dependencies, attempt to install the mssql-server package again.

Complete the SQL Server setup. Use mssql-conf to complete the SQL Server setup:

Licensing and pricing

SQL Server is licensed the same for Linux and Windows. For more information about SQL Server licensing and pricing, see How to license SQL Server.

Optional SQL Server features

After installation, you can also install or enable optional SQL Server features.

Get help

For answers to frequently asked questions, see the SQL Server on Linux FAQ.

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Установка и запуск MS SQL на Linux Ubuntu

MS SQL также может быть установлен на сервер под управлением Linux. В данной инструкции мы рассмотрим процесс его развертывания на Ubuntu 16.04 LTS.

Установка MS SQL

В репозиториях Ubuntu нет сервера MS SQL. Для начала импортируем GPG-ключ для репозитория:

wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | apt-key add —

Мы должны увидеть OK.

Теперь переходим на страницу с репозиториями для Ubuntu от Microsoft и переходим в каталог с нужной версией системы (в нашем примере, 16.04). После этого копируем ссылку на желаемую версию MS SQL:

С помощью скопированной ссылки устанавливаем репозиторий на сервер:

add-apt-repository «$(wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/16.04/mssql-server-2019.list)»

* где https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/16.04/mssql-server-2019.list — скопированная нами ссылка.

Теперь обновляем список пакетов:

. и устанавливаем ms sql server:

apt-get install mssql-server

Запускаем скрипт начального конфигурирования сервера:

1) Скрипт запросит выбрать редакцию — выбираем необходимую, например, express:

Укажите свой выпуск(1-8): 3

2) Принимаем лицензионное соглашение:

Вы принимаете условия лицензии? [Yes/No]: Yes

3) Выбираем язык, например, русский:

Введите параметр от 1 до 11: 9

4) Дважды вводим пароль для учетной записи администратора ms sql:

Введите пароль системного администратора SQL Server:
Подтвердите пароль системного администратора SQL Server:

Проверяем, что сервер запустился:

systemctl status mssql-server

Разрешаем автозапуск сервера:

systemctl enable mssql-server

Установка средств управления MS SQL

sqlcmd client

Инструмент для подключения к СУБД, по умолчанию, не устанавливается с сервером. Также для его установки используется другой репозиторий, нежели чем для самого ms sql. Итак, импортируем ключи GPG:

curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | apt-key add —

Переходим на вышеупомянутую страницу с репозиториями, выбираем версию нужного Ubuntu и копируем ссылку на prod.list:

С помощью скопированной ссылки устанавливаем репозиторий:

curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/16.04/prod.list | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/msprod.list

Обновляем список пакетов и устанавливаем утилиту для работы с sql:

apt-get install mssql-tools

В процессе установки система задаст вопрос, принимаем ли мы лицензионное соглашение — отвечаем утвердительно:

Готово. Теперь, чтобы не приходилось каждый раз писать полный путь до исполняемого файла, вводим команды:

echo ‘export PATH=»$PATH:/opt/mssql-tools/bin»‘ >>

Пробуем подключиться к серверу:

sqlcmd -S localhost -U SA

* где localhost — локальный сервер; SA — встроенная учетная запись суперпользователя.

Если при попытке подключиться к SQL мы получаем ошибку «sqlcmd: error: microsoft odbc driver 17 for sql server . », необходимо убедиться в том, что сервис работает (команда systemctl status mssql-server), а также необходимо убедиться, что сервер сконфигурирован (команда /opt/mssql/bin/mssql-conf setup).

Пробуем получить список баз данных:

> SELECT name FROM master.dbo.sysdatabases

Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio

Также, для подключения к серверу на Linux мы можем использовать среду управления Management Studio. При подключении необходимо просто прописать адрес сервера с Ubuntu и пароль для пользователя sa:

Если мы используем брандмауэр, необходимо добавить правило для порта 1433:

iptables -I INPUT 1 -p tcp —dport 1433 -j ACCEPT

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