The programs included with the kali gnu linux system are free software

LXDE ошибка

Установил LXDE на дедик (KDE будет тяжеловатой)

Сделал ребут, залогинился под root и пишу:

и вылазит ошибка:

Linux Debian9x64 4.9.0-3-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.9.30-2+deb9u1 (2017-06-18) x86_64

The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;

the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the exten permitted by applicable law.

-bash: startx: command not found

** Message: main.vala:102: Session is LXDE

** Message: main.vala:103: DE is LXDE

(lxsession:884): Gtk-WARNING **: cannot open display:

Получается просто пользователя нужно создать, а не логиниться под рутом?

Потом перелогинился под NAME и прописал startxlxde и всё равно такая ошибка

Что ты получить-то хочешь в итоге?

Чтобы запустились кеды

Slim мёртв. У Lxde есть Lxdm.

Потом перелогинился под NAME и прописал startxlxde и всё равно такая ошибка

startxlxde и прочие команды, запускающие сессии какого-либо DE нужно запускать в x-сессии, просто вызывать startlxde в консоли не получится.

Нужно либо прописать команду запуска сессии DE в файле

/.xinitrc и использовать команду startx, либо можно попробовать использовать команду xinit.

Либо запустить DM (Desktop Manager), ты как раз поставил slim, и уже в нём вызвать сессию нужного DE.

У тебя он, видимо, по какой-то причине не установлен.

Поставь, ну и, скорее всего, не установлен даже xorg-server.

Установил дисплейный менеджер, но пишу startlxde. Пользоваться хочу как обычный юзверь, поэтому графическую среду запускаю из-под рута. Блин, вот уж точно. Либо крестик сними, либо трусы надень.

Ставь LXDE и LXDM. Debian симлинки на загрузку запилит сам.

Поставь xorg, запускай от обычного пользователя, а не рута. Для рута поставь и включи sudo.

Wrong

Если дедик — только для тебя, единственного и неповторимого,
то дисплейные менеджеры — не нужны, ясно и отчетливо говорит здравый смысл.

И ещё раз, в ’10годах — дисплейные менеджеры суть атавизм и архаичность.

/.xinirc автоматического входа в OS с разными DE и WM здесь в ЛОР.
И если не изменяет память, а она этого никогда не делает,
показал пример

/.zshlogin, там где правильно прописан xinit и закомментирован startx с комментарием # xinit таки быстрей запускает.

Если нужно войти без X, комментируется строка с xinit.

Источник

Can’t update or install metapackages #1087

Comments

bpartin2009 commented Feb 4, 2018

Device: Nexus 6 Shamu

OS version (KitKat/Lollipop/Marshmallow/Nougat): 7.1.1 Nougat

Built from repo (date and build command) or downloaded from website (links):

Rolling-generic-armfh-full-zip Nov 17 then
Kernal-nethunter-shamu-nougat-11-18-17.zip both from nightly.

Output of cat /proc/version in adb shell or NetHunter Terminal: Linux version 3.10.40

Issue:

root@kali: # cat /proc/version
Linux version 3.10.40-g90f4f12 (root@nh-buildbox) (gcc version 4.7 (GCC) ) #1 SMP PREEMPT Wed Jan 25 18:18:56 CST 2017
root@kali: # ls
root@kali: # ls
root@kali: # cd ..
root@kali:/# ls
bin dev home mnt root sdcard system var
boot etc lib opt run srv tmp
captures external_sd media proc sbin sys usr
root@kali:/# cd sdcard/
root@kali:/sdcard# ls
Alarms Podcasts
Android Ringtones
DCIM TWRP
Download Tasker
Movies kaliNethunter.zip
Music kernel-nethunter-shamu-nougat-2017.11-18-1618.zip
Notifications nh_files
Pictures supersu.zip
root@kali:/sdcard# cd

root@kali: # ls
root@kali: # apt-get update
Hit:2 https://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/14.04/prod trusty InRelease
Get:1 http://archive-7.kali.org/kali kali-rolling InRelease [30.5 kB]
Err:1 http://archive-7.kali.org/kali kali-rolling InRelease
The following signatures were invalid: EXPKEYSIG ED444FF07D8D0BF6 Kali Linux Repository devel@kali.org
Reading package lists. Done
W: GPG error: http://archive-7.kali.org/kali kali-rolling InRelease: The following signatures were invalid: EXPKEYSIG ED444FF07D8D0BF6 Kali Linux Repository devel@kali.org
E: The repository ‘http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling InRelease’ is not signed.
N: Updating from such a repository can’t be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
root@kali:

Last login: Sat Feb 3 14:04:46 UTC 2018 on pts/2

The programs included with the Kali GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Kali GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
root@kali:

# busybox
BusyBox v1.27.2 (Debian 1:1.27.2-1) multi-call binary.
BusyBox is copyrighted by many authors between 1998-2015.
Licensed under GPLv2. See source distribution for detailed
copyright notices.

Usage: busybox [function [arguments]. ]
or: busybox —list[-full]
or: busybox —install [-s] [DIR]
or: function [arguments].

Currently defined functions:
[, [[, acpid, adjtimex, ar, arp, arping, ash, awk, basename, blkdiscard, blockdev, brctl, bunzip2, bzcat, bzip2, cal, cat, chgrp,
chmod, chown, chroot, chvt, clear, cmp, cp, cpio, cttyhack, cut, date,
dc, dd, deallocvt, depmod, devmem, df, diff, dirname, dmesg, dnsdomainname, dos2unix, du, dumpkmap, dumpleases, echo, egrep, env,
expand, expr, factor, fallocate, false, fatattr, fgrep, find, fold,
free, freeramdisk, fsfreeze, fstrim, ftpget, ftpput, getopt, getty,
grep, groups, gunzip, gzip, halt, head, hexdump, hostid, hostname,
httpd, hwclock, i2cdetect, i2cdump, i2cget, i2cset, id, ifconfig,
ifdown, ifup, init, insmod, ionice, ip, ipcalc, ipneigh, kill, killall,
klogd, last, less, link, linux32, linux64, linuxrc, ln, loadfont,
loadkmap, logger, login, logname, logread, losetup, ls, lsmod, lsscsi,
lzcat, lzma, lzop, md5sum, mdev, microcom, mkdir, mkdosfs, mke2fs,
mkfifo, mknod, mkpasswd, mkswap, mktemp, modinfo, modprobe, more,
mount, mt, mv, nameif, nc, netstat, nl, nproc, nsenter, nslookup, od,
openvt, partprobe, paste, patch, pidof, ping, ping6, pivot_root,
poweroff, printf, ps, pwd, rdate, readlink, realpath, reboot, renice,
reset, rev, rm, rmdir, rmmod, route, rpm, rpm2cpio, run-parts, sed,
seq, setkeycodes, setpriv, setsid, sh, sha1sum, sha256sum, sha512sum,
shred, shuf, sleep, sort, ssl_client, start-stop-daemon, stat, strings,
stty, svc, swapoff, swapon, switch_root, sync, sysctl, syslogd, tac,
tail, tar, taskset, tee, telnet, test, tftp, time, timeout, top, touch,
tr, traceroute, traceroute6, true, truncate, tty, ubirename, udhcpc,
udhcpd, uevent, umount, uname, uncompress, unexpand, uniq, unix2dos,
unlink, unlzma, unshare, unxz, unzip, uptime, usleep, uudecode,
uuencode, vconfig, vi, w, watch, watchdog, wc, wget, which, who,
whoami, xargs, xxd, xz, xzcat, yes, zcat
root@kali:

#
Last login: Sat Feb 3 04:58:05 UTC 2018 on pts/2

The programs included with the Kali GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Kali GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
root@kali:

Found phy0 with no interfaces assigned, would you like to assign one to it? [y/n] y

ERROR adding monitor mode interface: command failed: Operation not supported (-95)

Found 1 processes that could cause trouble.
If airodump-ng, aireplay-ng or airtun-ng stops working after
a short period of time, you may want to run ‘airmon-ng check kill’

PID Name
1514 wpa_supplicant

root@kali: # kill 1514
root@kali: # airmon-ng check

Found phy0 with no interfaces assigned, would you like to assign one to it? [y/n] y

ERROR adding monitor mode interface: command failed: Operation not supported (-95)

Found 1 processes that could cause trouble.
If airodump-ng, aireplay-ng or airtun-ng stops working after
a short period of time, you may want to run ‘airmon-ng check kill’

PID Name
32111 wpa_supplicant

# ifconfig
dummy0: flags=195 mtu 1500
inet6 fe80::ac77:c7ff:fe74:aec7 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20
ether ae:77:c7:74:ae:c7 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 3 bytes 210 (210.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

lo: flags=73 mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10
loop txqueuelen 0 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 290 bytes 37978 (37.0 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 290 bytes 37978 (37.0 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

rmnet_usb0: flags=65 mtu 2000
unspec 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 txqueuelen 1000 (UNSPEC)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

wlan0: flags=4099 mtu 1500
ether e0:98:61:c6:be:39 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 624280 bytes 910953385 (868.7 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 202840 bytes 17232239 (16.4 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 10 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

# airmon-ng start wlan0

Found phy0 with no interfaces assigned, would you like to assign one to it? [y/n] y

ERROR adding monitor mode interface: command failed: Operation not supported (-95)

Found 1 processes that could cause trouble.
If airodump-ng, aireplay-ng or airtun-ng stops working after
a short period of time, you may want to run ‘airmon-ng check kill’

PID Name
32111 wpa_supplicant

PHY Interface Driver Chipset

phy0 wlan0 . non-mac80211 device? (report this!)

ERROR adding monitor mode interface: command failed: Operation not supported (-95)
root@kali: # supersu
-bash: supersu: command not found
root@kali: #
root@kali: # monstart
-bash: monstart: command not found
root@kali: # lsusb
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 05c6:90a4 Qualcomm, Inc.
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
root@kali: # cat /proc/version
Linux version 3.10.40-g90f4f12 (root@nh-buildbox) (gcc version 4.7 (GCC) ) #1 SMP PREEMPT Wed Jan 25 18:18:56 CST 2017
root@kali: # ls
root@kali: # ls
root@kali: # cd ..
root@kali:/# ls
bin dev home mnt root sdcard system var
boot etc lib opt run srv tmp
captures external_sd media proc sbin sys usr
root@kali:/# cd sdcard/
root@kali:/sdcard# ls
Alarms Podcasts
Android Ringtones
DCIM TWRP
Download Tasker
Movies kaliNethunter.zip
Music kernel-nethunter-shamu-nougat-2017.11-18-1618.zip
Notifications nh_files
root@kali: # apt-get install kali-linux-full -y
Reading package lists. Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information. Done
E: Unable to locate package kali-linux-full root@kali: #

The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered:

Источник

The Command Line

September 30, 2017 by digip Comments are off

3.2. The Command Line

By «command line», we mean a text-based interface that allows you to enter commands, execute them, and view the results. You can run a terminal (a textual screen within the graphical desktop, or the text console itself outside of any graphical interface) and a command interpreter inside it (the shell).

3.2.1. How To Get a Command Line

When your system is working properly, the easiest way to access the command line is to run a terminal in your graphical desktop session.

Figure 3.1. Starting QTerminal

For instance, on a default Kali Linux system, QTerminal can be started from the list of favorite applications. You can also type «terminal» while in the applications menu (the one that gets activated when you move the mouse to the top-left corner) and click on the correct application icon that appears (Figure 3.1, «Starting QTerminal»).

In the event that your graphical interface is broken, you can still get a command line on virtual consoles (up to six of them can be accessible through the six key combinations of CTRL+ALT+F1 through CTRL+ALT+F6 — the CTRL key can be omitted if you are already in text mode, outside of Xorg or Wayland’s graphical interface). You get a very basic login screen where you enter your login and password before being granted access to the command line with its shell:

The program handling your input and executing your commands is called a shell (or a command-line interpreter). The default shell provided in Kali Linux is Bash (it stands for Bourne Again SHell). The trailing «$» or «#» character indicates that the shell is awaiting your input. It also indicates whether Bash recognizes you as a normal user (the former case with the dollar, $) or as a super user (the latter case with the hash, #).

3.2.2. Command Line Basics: Browsing the Directory Tree and Managing Files

This section only provides a brief overview of the covered commands, all of which have many options not described here, so please refer to the abundant documentation available in their respective manual pages. In penetration tests, you will most often receive shell access to a system after a successful exploit, rather than a graphical user interface. Proficiency with the command line is essential for your success as a security professional.

Once a session is open, the pwd command (which stands for print working directory) displays your current location in the filesystem. The current directory is changed with the cd directory command (cd is for change directory). When you don’t specify the target directory, you are taken to your home directory. When you use cd — (dash), you go back to the former working directory (the one in use before the last cd call). The parent directory is always called .. (two dots), whereas the current directory is also known as . (one dot). The ls command allows listing the contents of a directory. If you don’t provide parameters, ls operates on the current directory.

You can create a new directory with mkdir directory, and remove an existing (empty) directory with rmdir directory. The mv command allows moving and renaming files and directories; removing a file is achieved with rm file, and copying a file is done with cp source-file target-file.

The shell executes each command by running the first program of the given name that it finds in a directory listed in the PATH environment variable. Most often, these programs are in /bin, /sbin, /usr/bin, or /usr/sbin. For example, the ls command is found in /bin/ls; the which command reports the location of a given executable. Sometimes the command is directly handled by the shell, in which case, it is called a shell built-in command (cd and pwd are among those); the type command lets you query the type of each command.

Note the usage of the echo command, which simply displays a string on the terminal. In this case, it is used to print the contents of an environment variable since the shell automatically substitutes variables with their values before executing the command line.

Environment Variables

Environment variables allow storage of global settings for the shell or various other programs. They are contextual but inheritable. For example, each process has its own set of environment variables (they are contextual). Shells, like login shells, can declare variables, which will be passed down to other programs they execute (they are inheritable).

These variables can be defined system-wide in /etc/profile or per-user in

/.profile but variables that are not specific to command line interpreters are better put in /etc/environment, since those variables will be injected into all user sessions thanks to a Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM) – even when no shell is executed.

Источник