Theta Network Documentation
Setting up the Edge Node
The Theta Edge Node is the latest evolution of the Theta Edge Cacher.
The Edge Node allows you to relay video streams over the Theta Network and earn TFUEL, providing support to THETA.tv and other upcoming video platforms using the Theta Network. With the latest update, you can now also broadcast your own video streams and have them distributed over the Theta Edge Network! This allows you to stream entirely peer-to-peer without any centralized CDN involved.
To start using the Theta Edge Node, download the app for Windows or macOS. If you want to run the command line version (e.g. on Linux), please refer to this guide which provides instructions to run the Theta Edge Node with docker.
If you have an existing version of the Theta Edge Node, your software will automatically update to this newest version. This also means that for the first time, macOS users can natively relay video over the Theta Network, which should boost the number of Theta Network nodes making a more robust edge network.
Once you launch the app, you’ll see the Edge Node dashboard:
If you just want to relay other users’ video streams and earn TFUEL, then you’re all set! The “Cache / Compute” section shows your current relaying Status and your Pending Earnings. In this beta version of the Edge Node, earnings are distributed during the first week of each month. In the production version of the app, earnings will be distributed to your Theta address in real-time.
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Theta Network Documentation
Elite Edge Node Staking Process
Theta Mainnet 3.0 goes into effect at blockheight 10,968,061 (approximately 12pm-3pm PT Wednesday June 30, 2021). Start from that block height, Elite edge node TFuel staking will begin on Theta blockchain. If you’re already running a Guardian Node and staking your Theta tokens, the process will be familiar to you. In the Stakes section of your Theta Wallet, click Deposit Stake and you’ll see a new Edge Node section you can select:
Select Edge Node, then you’ll be prompted for the Edge Node Holder (Summary) and the amount of TFuel you want to stake. To obtain the the Holder (Summary) for your Edge Node, please first download and launch the latest version of the Theta Edge Node. Then, click Stake TFUEL on the left side of the Edge Node screen, you’ll see your Edge Node Holder (Summary) used for depositing your TFUEL to stake. If you are running the docker version, please check out the end of this page for the curl command to retrieve the edge node summary.
Next, go back to your wallet, paste the Edge Node Holder (Summary), and enter the amount of TFuel you would like to stake, and then click the «Deposit Stake» button. At this time there is a minimum of 10,000 TFuel and maximum of 500,000 TFuel that can be staked to each Edge Node, in order to encourage decentralization and an increased number of Edge Nodes.
TFuel staking reward works similar to staking Theta tokens to a Guardian Node. Earnings will accrue back to the wallet you staked from, and staked TFuel can only be withdrawn back to the wallet you staked from. Upon withdrawal of your TFuel, there is a
60 hour unstaking period before your staked tokens will appear back in your Theta Wallet.
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Theta Network Documentation
Install through Command Line
This page provides instructions to install a Guardian Node on a Linux server through the command line.
Please follow the instructions below to download the latest Linux binary and the necessary data. If you prefer to compile from the source code, please follow the steps here. If you are running the node on a Linux server, you’d need to run the node in a screen or tmux session, so that after you’ve logged off, the Theta node can continue to run.
The steps to install the binary on macOS (only supports 10.15.x catalina) and Windows are similar (on Windows you can use Cygwin, but make sure curl is installed). The only difference is that the os parameter for downloading the macOS and Windows binary are macos and windows , respectively.
Now launch the Theta with the following commands.
NOTE: When the Theta node launches for the first time, you need to choose a password to encrypt the signing key of the guardian node. Please choose a secure password and keep it in a safe place. The next time when you restart the node, you will need the password to unlock it.
It might take some time for the node to sync up with the network (typically should be less than 10 minutes). To check if the node is already in-sync with the network, you can execute the following command in another console:
The syncing field in the return indicates whether the node is still in the synchronization mode. If it is false , it means the node is already synced to the lastest block.
After the node is synced (i.e. syncing is false ), we can proceed with staking to make it a full Guardian Node. First we’d need the «fingerprint» of this node. In another console, execute the following command
The output should look something like this:
The summary part is the «fingerprint» we need for staking. Next, please follow the steps here to stake some mainnet Theta tokens from the Theta Wallet. Each guardian staking transaction requires at least 1,000 Theta tokens.
If everything works out, this node will start to send out guardian votes for the checkpoint blocks (i.e. the blocks whose height%100 == 1 ). In a few minutes we should start to see guardian votes in the log.
You can also see all of your TFUEL earnings earned by checking your wallet address in the Mainnet block explorer. Guardian Node TFUEL earnings are awarded every 100 blocks, or approximately every 10 minutes in a probabilistic method. At each 100 block checkpoint, there are 200–300 stakers randomly selected (weighted by their stake) to divide the block rewards. A large staker (ex. with 100K+ THETA stake) should expect to receive a reward every 2.5–3 hours or so (not guaranteed, just expectation). A 100K staker should have at least 98% likelihood to receive a reward every 10 hours. Conversely, a 1,000 THETA staker may only see a TFUEL reward once per month, analogous to a small Bitcoin miner with low hashrate. For the same block though, two stakers with the same stake may NOT receive the same amount of reward. While all nodes will earn TFUEL proportional to their stake over time, it means there can be significant variations in the timing and size of TFUEL rewards between different users.
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Theta Network Documentation
Compute Overview
Theta Edge Network can work not only as a data delivery network, but also as a generic edge computing platform. Such a platform allows Task Initiators to post tasks for Edge Nodes to download and solve. Task initiators also register the tasks and provide the TFuel rewards for each task on the blockchain through smart contracts. Tasks can be anything ranging from solving a set of equations, finding novel protein structures to help fight COVID-19, transcoding a video, to thousands of other applications that can leverage a network of distributed edge computing devices.
Edge Nodes can work as a generic computational platform which can host various software including the solver for the tasks issued by task initiators. Edge Nodes poll the task initiators to download tasks. Once a task is solved, the Edge Node can upload the solution to relevant smart contracts on the blockchain. These smart contracts act as the verifier for the solution, and as a trustless escrow for the task rewards. Once a submitted solution is verified, smart contracts will transfer the reward to the solver (i.e. a particular Edge Node) automatically and transparently. If a Task Initiator does not want to reveal the solutions on-chain, zero-knowledge proof techniques (e.g. zk-SNARK) can be leveraged. Once an Edge Node solves a task, it can encrypt the solution using the task initiator’s public key, and submit the encrypted solution to the smart contracts.
Meanwhile, an Edge Node can also generate a zero-knowledge proof showing that the submitted solution is encrypted using the task initiator’s public key, and the plaintext solution indeed solves the corresponding task. Smart contracts simply verify the proof and reward the Edge Node if the proof passed the check. On the other hand, the task Initiator can download the encrypted solution from the blockchain and decrypt it using its own private key. Such a decentralized edge computing framework eliminates all counterparty risks and is thus able to effectively incentivize the Edge Nodes to share their unused computing resources.
Theta crypto economics can naturally be extended to handle any generic computing. For example, the zero-knowledge proof for the edge compute tasks is similar to the Proof-of-Relay for the data delivery tasks. Thus, the smart contracts which handle the Proof-of-Relay rewards can be generalized to manage rewards for generic computing tasks. Similar to data delivery, smart contracts can enforce a rule that a certain percentage of the escrowed TFuel reward should be burned as the cost for using the Theta edge computing infrastructure. With the edge network expanding its capability beyond data delivery to cover generic edge computing, we believe the utility value of the network and TFuel can be extended substantially in the future.
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Theta Network Documentation
Guardian Node Overview
In the Theta blockchain, Validator Nodes propose and produce new blocks in the chain, while Guardian Nodes seal blocks and act as a check on malicious or otherwise non-functional Validator Nodes. Guardian nodes play important roles to protect the security of the Theta blockchain as they form a second layer defense against potential malicious attackers. Install and stake to your Guardian nodes to help secure the Theta blockchain!
This guide provides the instructions to launch and stake to a Guardian Node for the Theta Mainnet.
The minimum token amount to stake is 1,000 THETA. The minimum hardware requirements are:
Internet speed: 5Mbps+ up and down
CPU: 4 cores or more
Memory: 8 GBytes or more
We have provided multiple ways for you to install the Guardian node on various operating systems. Installing the GUI version is the easiest and preferred route. However, if you want to run the Guardian node on a Linux server, you can install it through the command line or through Google Cloud Marketplace:
GUI: Please click here if you want to run your guardian node through the graphical user interface
CLI: Please click here if you want to run your guardian node through the command line interface
Google Cloud Marketplace: Please click here if you want to run your guardian node through the GCP Marketplace
To see the latest blocks/transactions, please checkout the blockchain explorer for the Theta mainnet.
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