- ТОП-10 лучших Linux дистрибутивов на 2021 год
- Linux Mint
- Ubuntu
- Elementary OS
- Manjaro
- MX Linux
- Kubuntu
- Deepin
- Fedora
- Debian
- Заключение
- Top Linux Distros to Consider in 2021
- 1. Linux Mint
- 2. Ubuntu
- 3. Pop Linux from System 76
- 4. MX Linux
- 5. Elementary OS
- 6. Fedora
- 7. Zorin
- 8. Deepin
- 9. Solus
- 10. Manjaro
- 11. Debian
- 11 Best Linux Distros For 2021: How To Choose Your Windows Alternative
- 11 Best Linux Distros For 2021
- 1. Best Distro For Windows Users And Beginners: Linux Mint
- 2. Best Linux Distro In 2021 For Beginners And Experienced Users: Ubuntu
- 3. Best Linux Distro In 2021 For Ethical Hacking: Kali Linux
- 4. Linux Distro In 2021 For Gaming: Pop!_OS
- 5. The Most Popular Linux Distro: MX Linux
- 6. Best Linux Distro In 2021 For Programming: Solus
- 7. Most Beautiful Linux Distro: elementary OS
- 8. Best Linux distro In 2021 For Privacy And Anonymity: Tails
- More options for privacy-conscious Linux users:
- 9. Best Linux Distro In 2021 For Servers: CentOS Stream
- 10. Best Arch-based Linux Distro: Manjaro Linux
- 11. Best Distro In 2021 For Raspberry Pi: Raspberry Pi OS
- Want something else? Linux Always Leaves You With More Options
ТОП-10 лучших Linux дистрибутивов на 2021 год
Несмотря на обновления в популярных операционных системах macOS и Windows, многие преданные фанаты и постоянные пользователи Linux, придерживаются своих любимых дистрибутивов.
Ввиду того-что их на Linux очень много и на любой выбор, порой пользователю хочется изменить привычный ему внешний вид и функционал операционной системы.
Половина 2021 года уже прошло и пришло время обновить список лучших Linux дистрибутивов.
Linux Mint
Если вы собираетесь переходить с Linux на Windows, то думаю наилучшим вариантом будет дистрибутив Linux Mint. Это удобная и практичная скажем ОС, которая включает в себя обширный список предустановленных программ.
Его легко освоить и при установке вам предлагается выбрать одну из трех комплектаций, каждая из которых имеет свои преимущества и особенности. Если вы хотите получить максимальный набор предустановленных программ и утилит, то лучше всего подойдет среда Cinnamon, ну а любителям кастомных решений заинтересует Xfce.
Linux Mint наверное один из самых простых дистрибутивов, в плане установки и освоении.
Ubuntu
Самой популярной ОС на базе ядра Linux, без сомнения, является Ubuntu. На сегодняшний день последняя представленная версия — Ubuntu 20.10.
Благодаря больш ому комьюнити, начинать знакомство с Linux думаю стоит с дистрибутива Ubuntu, ведь скорее всего благодаря популярности вы сразу найдете ответы на свои вопросы.
Также среди новшеств, появился браузер Chromium, который начал поддерживать только последнюю версию и обновили красивый интерфейс, который чем-то напоминает ChromeOS.
Elementary OS
Многие считают Elementary OS, самым красивым и современным Linux дистрибутивом. Не могу с ними не согласится, плюс ко всему, он чем-то напоминает macOS, с таким же минималистичным и приятным интерфейсом.
Система имеет качественную рабочую среду Pantheon, которая основана на Gnome. Последняя версия называется 5.1 Hera и имеет новые возможности Greeter и On boarding, поддержку Flatpak и AppCenter, обновление системных настроек, поддержка новейшего оборудования с новым ядром Linux, адаптивную панель и многое другое.
Благодаря оригинальному интерфейсу AppCenter, можно устанавливать необходимые программы вне терминала, также в комплект дистрибутива входит ряд уже предустановленных приложений.
Manjaro
Дистрибутив Manjaro, в плане популярности также не отстает от своих предшественников. Это стабильная и достаточно функциональная ОС, которую относительно легко настраивать, обновлять и работать.
Комплексный ресурс AUR позволяет установить на операционную систему практически любое программное обеспечение. При этом нет необходимости скачивать пакеты вручную с помощью браузера и добавлять репозитории.
В различных рейтингах лучших сборок Linux Manjaro неоднократно оказывался в тройке лидеров, а то и вовсе занимал первое место. Особенно его любят за многообразие версий, которые поддерживают различные оболочки рабочего стола. Среди основных достоинств системы можно выделить, поддержку мультимедиа, простоту в распознавании оборудования, поддержку нескольких ядер, управление пакетами при помощи pacman и многое другое.
MX Linux
MX Linux — это дистрибутив, основанный на лучших функциях проектов antiX и MEPIS. Система включает наилучшие инструменты этих двух дистрибутивов в одной оболочке.
MX Linux отличается удобным интерфейсом, лёгкостью в настройке и высокой стабильностью и производительностью.
Как и многие дистрибутивы он поддерживает работу в режиме LiveCD и LiveUSB, а также для этого, доступно множество загрузочных опций и 10 языков локализации.
Установщик пакетов MX получил крупное обновление в версии 17.1. Повышена скорость работы установщика и добавлена встроенная консоль. Установщик пакетов включает в себя популярные приложения из репозиториев Debian Stable, правильно настроенные пакеты из Debian Testing / Sid, а также другие пакеты, не включенные в репозитории Debian.
Kubuntu
Простой и понятный интерфейс дистрибутива Kubuntu станет настоящей находкой для начинающих пользователей. Думаю для сисадминов, данный дистрибутив не слишком подходит, так как он имеет относительно ограниченный функционал. Тем не менее, его интерфейс достаточно сильно приближен к Windows, что существенно облегчает переход с одной операционной системы на другую.
Начинающие смогут выделить такие преимущества как:
- отличный функционал;
- хороший набор предустановленных приложений;
- русификация;
- упрощенный интерфейс.
Именно поэтому большинство любителей Linux рекомендуют начинать знакомство с этим семейство ОС с Kubuntu, однако думаю это довольно странное решение, учитывая сколько существует хороших альтернатив.
Deepin
Еще одна разновидность системы Linux, которая визуально напоминает macOS — Deepin. Его создателями являются китайские разработчики, постаравшиеся сделать максимально функциональную систему с интуитивно понятным интерфейсом. Для удобства в нижней части экрана дистрибутива находится док-станция.
Если же пользователь перешел с системы Windows на Linux, то и это не будет проблемой, так-как Deepin имеет еще один вид графической оболочки, схожий с Windows 10.
Последняя версия Deepin 15.5 включает в себя набор предустановленных програм. Причем, одной из отличительных особенностей этого набора является предустановленный CrossOver.
Fedora
Fedora является одним из наиболее популярных дистрибутивов, которые когда-либо были созданы на базе ядра Linux. Именно на ней в первую очередь можно встретить новинки мира GNU/Linux.
В частности, компания Red Hat давно уже сделала из этого дистрибутива некоторый тестовый полигон, которым пользуется крайне активно. Многие поклонники Linux считают Fedora культовой версией ОС. Собственно, сам создатель ядра — Линус Торвальдс пользуется именно этим дистрибутивом.
Это стабильная система, которая имеет некоторые недостатки, но с лихвой компенсирует их скоростью работы, широким диапазоном настроек и высокой производительностью.
Debian
В обзоре, который посвящен Linux дистрибутивам сложно не упомянуть Debian. Это еще одна легендарная ОС, которая успела стать культовой. Поклонники этой системы хвалят ее за непревзойденную стабильность и надежность. Разработчики стремятся использовать этот дистрибутив исключительно с проверенными версиями ПО. Благодаря такому подходу, Debian не приносит пользователям неожиданностей.
Поскольку это одна из наиболее популярных ОС в мире, в репозиториях можно найти практически любые версии, с которыми можно свободно взаимодействовать.
Для удобства пользователей, разработчики добавили возможность выбора оболочки прямо во время установки. Также существует неисчислимое множество программ, которые совместимы с этим дистрибутивом.
Заключение
В заключение видео хочется отметить, что все приведенные дистрибутивы являются одними из лучших операционных систем. В отличие от Windows и macOS они имеют гибкий диапазон настроек, позволяют полностью персонализировать ОС, а также в немалой степени сэкономить на использовании ПО.
Именно поэтому с каждым годом все больше пользователей выбирает ОС на базе Linux, ведь они имеют множество плюсов в сравнении с конкурентами. Конечно минусов у Linux тоже хватает. Взять например совместимость драйверов, программ и игр и множество других недостатков. А это является одним из важных элементов при выборе операционной системы.
В любом случае конечный выбор остается за вами.
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Top Linux Distros to Consider in 2021
Linux is a free and open-source operating system based on Unix. Nowadays, Linux has gained huge attention and is being widely used due to its security and flexibility. In this article, we are going to cover some best Linux Distros also called Linux Distributions. Linux distros are the operating systems that are based on the Linux kernel.
Following are the best Linux distributions:
1. Linux Mint
Linux Mint is a popular distribution of Linux based on Ubuntu and Debian. It is a community-driven free and open-source Linux distribution providing a huge number of packages. It is easy to use with an interactive User Interface. In October 2012, Linux Format titled Linux Mint as the best distribution of 2012. It was first released in 2006 with a beta version 1.0 named ‘Ada’. Currently, the latest version of mint is ‘Ulyssa’ released on January 2021. It comes with default software like LibreOffice, Firefox, Thunderbird, HexChat, Pidgin, Transmission, and VLC media player while one can download other software from the package manager. Linux Mint maintains the operating system and develops software for it, mostly in Python.
2. Ubuntu
This is one of the most common Linux distributions used by people. Due to its user-friendly interface and elegance, it is widely preferred by people who are beginners in Linux. It can be used in not only just PCs but also tablets and smartphones. Ubuntu acts as a base for many other Linux distributions like Lubuntu 20.04 LTS, Kubuntu 20.04, and Linux Mint 20.04 LTS (Ulyana). It releases updated versions predictably every six months with security and bug fixes. Ubuntu supports the GNOME desktop environment and is a popular operating system for cloud computing while also providing day-to-day useful applications like Firefox, LibreOffice, Audacious, GIMP, etc.
3. Pop Linux from System 76
Pop OS is a Linux distribution developed by System 76 featuring a custom GNOME desktop. Developed recently, it was first released in October 2017. Pop OS also provides many default applications like Geary, LibreOffice, Firefox while other software can be installed from APT, the package manager in Pop OS.
4. MX Linux
MX Linux is a popular Debian-based Linux distribution. It was first released in March 2014 and provides a user-friendly experience for both beginners and intermediate Linux users. Its discussion started within the MEPIS community which was later joined by antiX for development. MX Linux has basic tools like a graphic installer, a GUI-based method to change a Linux kernel, MX-snapshot, etc.
5. Elementary OS
Elementary OS is yet another Linux distribution based on Ubuntu LTS developed and maintained by Elementary, Inc. It comes with a custom desktop environment called Pantheon and many custom apps including Photos, Music, Videos, Calendar, Terminal, Files, and more. It also comes with some familiar apps like the Epiphany web browser and a fork of Geary mail. As per Elementary OS, it is the fast, open, and privacy-respecting replacement for Windows and macOS.
6. Fedora
Fedora is developed by Fedora Project sponsored by Red Hat. It is one of the most user-friendly distros. The default desktop environment in Fedora is GNOME and the default user interface is the GNOME Shell while other desktop environments are also available and can be installed. Fedora provides various software that is pre-installed in the os and more software can be installed from the DNF package manager. Fedora Linux was released in 2003 when Red Hat Enterprise Linux was discontinued.
7. Zorin
Zorin is a Linux distribution based on Ubuntu. It has a very easy Graphical user interface (GUI) and programs similar to windows which are designed specifically for newbies switching from Windows to Linux. It allows users to run compatible Windows software for ease of transition on it. Written in C, C++, Python, D, Java, Zorin OS Company is based in Dublin and was started in 2009.
8. Deepin
Deepin Linux also called Linux Deepin and Hiweed Linux is a distro based on Debian. It supports its own desktop environment, DDE, the Deepin Desktop Environment. It is developed and maintained by Wuhan Deepin Technology in Wuhan, China. Therefore, it is majorly used by Chinese people. It was initially released in February 2004 and later in 2015 Wuhan Deepin Technology joined the Linux Foundation.
9. Solus
Solus is based on Linux Kernel. Earlier it was called Evolve OS. It is introduced for personal computers and personal use. It does not claim any software support specifically for enterprise and server environments. Solus was first launched in December 2015 with version 1.0. It is stable, very easy to use, and it seems to have a wide selection of the latest software available in its own repositories. It features Budgie, GNOME, KDE Plasma, MATE desktop environments. Solus is available only for 64-bit computers.
10. Manjaro
Manjaro Linux distribution is based on Arch Linux OS. It allows the installation of software and applications through the package manager called Pacman. Manjaro features GNOME desktop and although it can be installed on any computer, some of the computers sell their product with Manjaro pre-installed on them.
11. Debian
Debian is one of the oldest Linux distributions which is a base for other distributions like Ubuntu, PureOS, and SteamOS. It was released first in 1993. Debian has won many awards including The best Linux distro of 2011. It comes with applications like LibreOffice, Firefox, Evolution mail, K3b disc burner, VLC media player, GIMP, etc. It is best suited for server distribution and is very secure and user-friendly.
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11 Best Linux Distros For 2021: How To Choose Your Windows Alternative
Linux always gives you tons of options and we’re here to help you decide.
Last year, Linux grew at a tremendous rate due to a ton of factors. While the world of Linux does offer tons of choices, it might get overwhelming at first. That’s why we’ve prepared this Linux distribution list to help you select the best Linux distro to suit your needs. Some distros perform better at one kind of task, and some are all-rounders, and so on. So, let’s get started with the best Linux Distro List for 2021
11 Best Linux Distros For 2021
1. Best Distro For Windows Users And Beginners: Linux Mint
The popularity of open-source software and Linux is rising with each passing year, and more people are learning Linux. For those users, selecting a Linux distro with a smooth learning curve is of primary importance. This ease-of-usage is the most worthy point kept in mind while recommending a Linux distro for beginners. You can read my complete list of recommended Linux distros for beginners.
Linux Mint is one of the fastest-growing Linux distros around and is a lot better for beginners than Ubuntu. If you want to know more about Linux Mint Vs Ubuntu differences, do make sure to check out our Linux Mint vs. Ubuntu article.
Added to that, Linux Mint has established itself as a perfect replacement for the Windows operating system with its nearly-perfect desktop experience. Another reason why it’s the best distro is; you don’t need to spend a lot of time installing the distro and packages before you can get some real work done. It doesn’t have a heavier footprint, which makes it great for old PCs as well.
Why is Mint best for beginners?
- Easy-to-use Cinnamon desktop
- Large, supportive community
- Easier to run on Old hardware
Visit the Linux Mint website to download the official ISO.
Best alternatives to Linux Mint:
2. Best Linux Distro In 2021 For Beginners And Experienced Users: Ubuntu
A Linux article cannot be called a Linux article unless there’s Ubuntu mentioned in it. For a lot of beginners and experienced users, Ubuntu and GNOME is a match made in heaven. The more recent OS versions have added a mammoth list of new features and improvements that, after glancing, even a typical Windows user would want to switch.
Not to mention the community at large will always be there to help you if you get stuck. That said, no matter what you intend to do, you can do it easily on Ubuntu.
Why choose Ubuntu?
- Active user community
- Highly stable
- Easy to use. Suited for beginners and intermediate users.
To get its ISO images, visit the official Ubuntu Website.
3. Best Linux Distro In 2021 For Ethical Hacking: Kali Linux
When it comes explicitly to the best Linux distros for ethical hacking purposes, there’s absolutely no match for Kali Linux. It comes with hundreds of useful tools that belong to different categories like vulnerability analyses, wireless attacks, web applications, exploitation tools, stress testing, forensic tools, etc. Based on the Debian Testing branch, most of the distro packages are imported from Debian repos.
Apart from full-featured desktops, Kali can also be installed on Raspberry Pi, Chromebook, BeagleBone, etc. It’s also available for Android smartphones with the arrival of Kali NetHunter.
Why install Kali for ethical hacking?
- A Regular rolling release model
- Tons of tried and tested ethical hacking tools
- Solid Debian base
- Vast learning resource
Visit the Kali Linux website for downloads.
What else to try for ethical hacking?
4. Linux Distro In 2021 For Gaming: Pop!_OS
The gaming scene on Linux has significantly improved over the past few years, and it’ll only get better in the coming years. Thanks to the Proton compatibility layer, more than 50% of the top 10 games and more than 73% of the top hundred games are already playable on Linux.
While there are many “gaming-specific” distros enough to overwhelm you, Pop!_OS is a distro that many people in the Linux community, including me, prefer. That’s mainly due to two different images users can download – one for AMD/Intel GPU and the other that comes with Nvidia drivers. It is also the best Linux Distro for laptops.
Want to learn more about the state of gaming on Linux? Read our Here’s how to choose a Linux Distro for Gaming article. Also, if you’re searching for more gaming distros, our 13 Best Linux Gaming Distros article might help you choose the right one.
Why choose Pop!_OS?
- Pre-installed graphics drivers for Nvidia and AMD
- Excellent community support
- User friendly
Other distros for gaming:
5. The Most Popular Linux Distro: MX Linux
While there isn’t any concrete method to measure Linux distros’ growth, Distrowatch does a pretty good job of keeping track of visits to a particular distribution listing. As per their data, MX Linux has generated lots of interest among the users over the past 12 months, and it’s currently ranked #1. MX Linux is a Debian-based Linux distribution that uses the lightweight Xfce Linux desktop environment. You can give it a try if you’re looking for a fully-fledged operating system for everyday work.
Why choose MX Linux?
- Clean and simple user interface
- Portable installation option
- Unique “midweight” category of Linux distros
Visit the MX Linux website for download.
6. Best Linux Distro In 2021 For Programming: Solus
After booting into Solus’s Budgie Desktop, the first thing you’ll notice is how striking it looks and feels. While Solus is not specifically targeted at developers, it comes with many development tools pre-installed that make it one of the best distro for developers.
I’ve also mentioned it in my Top 4 Beginner-Friendly Distros That Are Not Ubuntu-Based article. The only hurdle between you and learning how to use Solus is the eopkg package manager, which shouldn’t be hard to learn.
Why choose Solus for programming or daily use?
- Support for a wide variety of version control systems
- Striking looks
- Beginner-friendly
Visit the official Solus website for ISO download and more information.
Some more choices for developers:
7. Most Beautiful Linux Distro: elementary OS
Most beautiful Linux distro isn’t a criterion that can judge an operating system’s capabilities in the true sense, but it plays a major role in choosing a new distro. Thanks to the flexibility offered by the Linux ecosystem, developers can create new and appealing distros. Ubuntu-based elementary OS is the most beautiful Linux distro in my opinion and experience, known for its unparalleled performance.
This fast and open source replacement for Windows and macOS borrows some design elements from macOS. Shipping without many defaults Ubuntu applications, elementary OS delivers a lightweight experience as well. With its Pantheon desktop environment built using Vala, GTK+, and Granite libraries, elementary OS is deeply integrated with its applications like Plank, Epiphany, and Scratch. Overall, it can be used by experienced and beginners alike to carry out daily computing tasks.
Why choose looks of the elementary OS?
- Lightweight desktop
- macOS-like appearance
- Lesser applications, slick interface
Visit the elementary OS website for download.
Honorable mentions:
8. Best Linux distro In 2021 For Privacy And Anonymity: Tails
If I tell you that Edward Snowden uses Tails Linux distro for carrying out his communications and browsing the web, some of you might wonder what’s the reason behind this choice. Some of you would be having a rough idea. As its name–The Amnesic Incognito Live System–suggests, Tails is a popular choice for secure web browsing.
Tails live operating system can be booted on almost any computer using a DVD or USB image. This Debian-based secure distro makes sure that all internet connections are forced to go through the Tor network. With this, you end up leaving no trace on the computer. It also comes with many cryptographic tools that help you encrypt your emails, files, and instant messaging. There are other options as well for privacy-focused minds.
Why choose Tails for anonymity?
- Forces every connection via Tor network
- Stores everything in RAM for no trace.
- Also suitable for general use.
- Built-in encryption suite
Visit the Tails website for download.
More options for privacy-conscious Linux users:
- Whonix
- Qubes OS
- Alpine Linux
9. Best Linux Distro In 2021 For Servers: CentOS Stream
Can you imagine setting up a server on a Linux distro that’s known for its instability or frequent crashes in the middle of something? The answer to this question is pretty obvious. Other factors that matter are hardware support, security, power efficiency, and optimized performance. There are many free and paid options for such scenarios, and CentOS Stream is my recommendation in this category.
Last year, RHEL-owned CentOS came to an unexpected halt and is now independent and called CentOS Stream. Due to this, the latest release, CentOS 8’s support window, was reduced to up to 2021 from 2029. However, older versions like CentOS 7 will be supported until 2024.
Why choose CentOS Stream for servers?
- Popular RPM and Yum Package Management
- Widespread support across the tech industry
Visit the CentOS website for download.
Other Linux distros for servers:
10. Best Arch-based Linux Distro: Manjaro Linux
Manjaro Linux is my favorite Arch-based distro. It’s easy to install, looks great, and strikes a perfect balance between cutting-edge software and stability. It is also perfect for people who want to get away with the hard installation process of stock Arch.
Much like Pop!_OS, Manjaro Linux is also an all-rounder. Be it gaming, development, or daily usage, Manjaro nails it in every aspect.
Why choose Manjaro?
- Extensive Arch Linux documentation
- Vast community and supportive forums
- User-friendly Arch Distro
Visit the Manjaro website for download.
Manjaro alternatives:
11. Best Distro In 2021 For Raspberry Pi: Raspberry Pi OS
When it comes to making computing accessible to more people, Raspberry Pi has played a pivotal role in this decade. By spending as low as $10, you can get a single board computer for web browsing, learning programming, etc.
There are many Linux operating systems that you can install on this little machine, but there’s no match to the in-house Raspberry Pi OS. It’s the Raspberry Pi Foundation’s official operating system that’s perfect for beginners and experienced users. You can install it by writing it directly to the SD card or use Foundation’s own NOOBS installer. Based on Debian GNU/Linux operating system, Raspberry Pi OS comes with many useful preinstalled applications that ensure that you can get started right away.
Why choose Raspberry Pi OS for Raspberry Pi?
- Officially supported OS for R-Pi.
- Lightweight Pixel desktop environment
- Availability of a lite version as well
Visit the Raspberry Pi OS website for download.
Other Linux distros for Raspberry Pi:
Want something else? Linux Always Leaves You With More Options
The distros on this list are just the tip of the proverbial iceberg. Have you come across any distro that deserves to be on this list? Let us know in the comments section.
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