Включение и отключение компонентов Windows 10

Как известно, Windows 10 отличается набором компонентов от предыдущих версий операционных систем Windows. Зачастую требуется их включить или выключить, чтобы они не потребляли системные ресурсы, да и просто не мешали. В этой статье мы рассмотрим как это сделать быстрее и эффективнее.

Начнем с того, что существует два основных способа работы с компонентами (они еще называются features) — утилита DISM и командлеты Powershell. И то и другое встроено в Windows 10, в отличие от Windows 7, где dism можно было добавить или установив пакет Windows ADK, или руками скопировав dism.exe с другого компьютера.

Сразу отмечу, что утилиту dism и среду powershell для работы с системой необходимо запускать от имени администратора, даже если ваш аккаунт уже находится в группе локальных админов. Итак, вы или находите cmd или windows powershell в меню и, кликнув правой кнопкой мышки, выбираете «Запуск от имени администратора».

В Windows 10 есть понятие Features и Capabilities. Первое — это привычные нам компоненты, которые можно найти в Панели управления -> Программы и компоненты -> Включение и отключение компонентов Windows. То есть это встраиваемые модули, которые выполняют определенный сервисный функционал.

Capabilities — это дополнительные возможности, которые расширяют возможности интерфейса и увеличивают удобство пользователя. Среди них — Language packs, наборы шрифтов. Да, Microsoft удалил часть нестандартных шрифтов, которые теперь вынесены в опциональные компоненты. Скачать эти компоненты можно в виде ISO файла с сайта Volume Licensing Service Center или напрямую через Internet и графический интерфейс Windows. Такую концепцию Microsoft назвала Features on Demand (FOD). Их в более ранних версия Windows не было.

Работаем с Windows Features

Итак, список установленных компонентов можно посмотреть командой

Dism /online /Get-Features

Вот как в Powershell можно получить список всех компонентов командлетами Get-WindowsFeature (для Windows Server) или Get-WindowsOptionalFeature (Windows 10):

Чтобы получить список отключенных компонентов, введите:

Get-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online | ? state -eq ‘disabled’ | select featurename

Этот список также можно вывести в файл (для windows Server):

Get-WindowsFeature | Where-Object <$_.Installed -match “True”>| Select-Object -Property Name | Out-File C:\Temp\WindowsFeatures.txt

Посмотрев список названий и их состояние, можно использовать эти названия для того, чтобы компоненты включить или выключить:

Dism /online /Enable-Feature /FeatureName:TFTP /All

ключ /All позволяет включить также все дочерние компоненты;

Установка компонентов через Powershell выполняется командой Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature.

Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName RSATClient-Roles-AD-Powershell

Параметр -All включает все дочерние компоненты.

Dism /online /Disable-Feature /FeatureName:TFTP

Аналогично, через Powershell это можно сделать командой Disable-Windowsoptionalfeature -online -featureName [feature name].

Обратите внимание, некоторые фичи имеют разные названия в Windows 7 и Windows 10. Например, RSAT в Windows 7 — это RemoteServerAdministrationTools, а в Windows 10 — RSATclient.

Управление Features on Demand (FOD)

Если вы устанавливаете их через графический интерфейс, то вам необходимо пройти “System –> App & features –> Manage optional features” и нажать знак + напротив необходимых компонентов.

Чтобы сделать это автоматизированно через командную строку, наберите чтобы получить список доступных компонентов:

DISM.EXE /Online /Get-Capabilities

или на Powershell:

Как и прежде, запомните название необходимых вам компонентов, чтобы включить их командой (на примере .Net Framework 3):

DISM.EXE /Online /Add-Capability /CapabilityName:NetFx3

или на Powershell:

Add-WindowsCapability –Online -Name NetFx3

Если же у вас нет доступа в Интернет, то есть выход. Итак, вы скачиваете ISO образ диска с FOD компонентами с сайта Volume Licensing Service Center. Файлы будут разные для разных релизов Windows 10 — 1511, 1607, 1703, 1709. Важно помнить, что компоненты одного релиза не подходят к другому. Если вы сделаете in-place upgrade (установка одного релиза поверх другого через обновление), то несовместимые установленные компоненты будут удалены без вашего желания! Да, Microsoft удаляет то, что считает несовместимым при обновлении.

Так вот, ISO файл содержит набор неизвестных и сложных для понимания файлов с расширением cab. Вот чудесный файлик на сайта Microsoft, который обясняет назначение каждого файла. Итак, существуют следующие типы FOD:

• Microsoft-Windows-LanguageFeatures-Basic — проверка правописания для различных языков и раскладок клавиатуры;
• Microsoft-Windows-LanguageFeatures-Fonts — национальные шрифты, например, азиатские
• Microsoft-Windows-LanguageFeatures-OCR — средства для распознавания шрифтов
• Microsoft-Windows-LanguageFeatures-Handwriting — средства для распознавания рукописного ввода
• Microsoft-Windows-LanguageFeatures-TextToSpeech — средства преобразования текста в голос, используемые подсказчиком Cortana
• Microsoft-Windows-LanguageFeatures-Speech — распознавание голоса
• Microsoft-Windows-InternationalFeatures — пакеты национальных настроек, например, для Тайваня

Итак, для добавления таких FOD компонентов, используйте команды вида (замените имя компонента):

Dism /Online /Add-Capability /CapabilityName:Language.Basic

Для удаления FOD:

Dism /Online /Remove-Capability /CapabilityName:Language.Basic

Установка и переустановка пакетов языков (Language Interface Packs, LIP)

Язык интерфейса Windows можно поменять, установив так называемые LIP. ранее они назывались MUI (Multi user interface). Файлы LIP выглядят так: Microsoft-Windows-Client-Language-Pack_x64_es-es.cab для испанского языка. Выглядеть установка будет примерно так:

Dism /Add-Package /online /PackagePath:»C:\Languages\Microsoft-Windows-Client-Language-Pack_x64_fr-fr.cab»

Dism /Remove-Package /online /PackageName:Microsoft-Windows-Client-LanguagePack-Package

В следующей статье мы поговорим как с помощью DISM и Powershell управлять так называемыми Modern-приложениями AppX.

Turn Windows features on or off in Windows 10 does NOT populate

Thank you for posting your query in Microsoft community.

I understand your inconvenience. We are here to assist you.

I would appreciate if you can provide us the following information to help us understand the issue better.

1. Did you make any changes to the OS?

2. What is the complete error message while trying to install?

3. When you say “Turn Windows features on or off» the list does NOT populate? What exactly happens?

Try the methods below and check if it helps.

Method 1: To diagnose whether this issue occurs in “Safe Mode” , let’s reboot the computer in safe mode and check if the issue appears there as well.

Safe mode is a diagnostic mode for Windows that starts your computer in a limited state. Only the basic files and drivers necessary to run Windows are started. This helps us in identifying whether the issue is due to some third party programs conflict. The word Safe mode appear in the concern of your monitor to identify which windows mode you are using.

Please refer the below link to resolve the issue to perform safe mode.

Follow the steps to open “ Turn Windows features on or off”.

a. Press Windows + S.

b. Type “ Turn Windows features on or off” and hit enter to open.

Method 2: Windows 10 has a built-in troubleshooter to check and fix issues. I would suggest you to run Windows Update troubleshooter to check if the issue is with your Windows Update.

Refer these steps:

1. Press Windows key +X, select Control panel.
2. Change the view by option on the top right to Large icons.
3. Click on troubleshooting and click on the view all option on the left panel.
4. Run Windows Update troubleshooter.

And then try to install the Windows update. Net frame will be installed through Windows update.

Please reply here with the results so that we can assist you further.

Turn Windows Features on or off is blank or empty

If you try to access the Windows Features or the Turn Windows Features On or Off, through, the Control Panel or by simply typing optionalfeatures .exe in your start search box, the following dialogue box is expected to open. But if it is blank or empty, this post will help you troubleshoot the issue.

Windows throws up funny errors sometimes. You click open Control Panel, click open Program & Features and go on to turn Windows features on or off. While on a normal day you will see options to turn on or off, Windows features like Hyper-V, Internet Explorer, IIS, Media features, .NET Framework, etc, I am sure you will be surprised if you were to find the window blank or empty!

While this could happen on very rare occasions, you should know how to fix it if you or your friend’s computer were to ever face this problem.

We have seen what to do if the Windows Update page is blank or the Control Panel is blank. In this post, let’s see the potential solutions to this problem.

The Windows Features or the Turn Windows Features On or Off box of the Control panel, lets you turn off or turn on several features of the Windows operating system. Turning off a feature does not uninstall the feature – nor does it free up disk space. It only disables the feature.

Turn Windows Features on or off blank

1] See if a System Restore helps you. Else Run sfc /scannow or System File Checker to replace corrupted Windows system files.

2] Create a new administrator account and see if it resolves the issue.

3] Make sure the Windows Modules Installer service Startup status is set to Automatic and it is currently running. To do this, type services.msc in Run box and hit Enter to open the Services Manager. Look for Windows Modules Installer and check its status. Double-click on it to change its Properties if required. This Windows Service enables installation, modification, and removal of Windows updates and optional components. If this service is disabled, install or uninstall of Windows updates might fail for this computer.

4] Open an elevated command prompt, type the following and hit Enter:

But this may or may not work for all.

5] If this Turn Windows Features On or Off box appears completely blank, it is quite possible that the Component Store that contains information about Windows components has been corrupted – so see if fixing this corruption helps you. While one can use the CheckSUR tool to resolve this issue, the way it works in Windows 10/8 is different, says TechNet. The Inbox Corruption Repair in Windows 8/10 and Windows Server brings the functionality of CheckSUR into Windows.

To repair the Component Store corruption open an elevated command prompt and run the following command, and restart your computer:

If things work for you, you will be able to see the Turn Windows features on or off populated with the options.

Turn Windows Features On or Off is missing.

Thank you so much for posting your query on this forum. You have reached the right place and I will try my best to assist you with this query.

I understand that you would like to install the .Net Framework 3.5 feature on Windows 10 Technical Preview.

The .NET Framework is an integral part of many applications running on Windows and provides common functionality for those applications to run. Normally, before running/installing such applications, we need to enable .NET Framework from the Control Panel on the computer. So, you may first check if the .NET Framework 3.5 is available in the Control Panel on Windows 10 Technical Preview and if available, you may enable it from the Control Panel to install it on the computer. To check if the.NET Framework 3.5 is available in Control Panel and to enable it, please follow these steps:

a) Press “Windows Logo” + “R” keys on the keyboard.

b) Type “appwiz.cpl” in the “Run” command box and press “ENTER”.

c) In the “Programs and Features” window, click on the link “Turn Windows features on or off”.

d) Check if the “.NET Framework 3.5 (includes .NET 2.0 and 3.0)” option is available in it.

e) If yes, then enable it and then click on “OK”.

f) Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the installation and restart the computer, if prompted.

This will install the .NET Framework 3.5 feature on the computer. There is also another way by which .NET Framework 3.5 gets installed on the computer. This is done by the apps on demand.

If an app requires the .NET Framework 3.5, but doesn’t find that version enabled on your computer, it displays the prompt for installing the .NET Framework 3.5 on demand, either during installation, or when you run the app for the first time after its installation. In this prompt, you can choose the option “Install this feature” to enable the .NET Framework 3.5 on the computer.

Hope this information is helpful. Please get back to us with the updates on this.

What if when you open the Programs and Features window you don’t have the «Turn Windows features on or off» option. I started getting the .Net corrupted message and tried to follow the instructions given by the links I was directed to but found it impossible to do due to my limited knowledge.

Turn windows features on or off in control panel framework

This forum has migrated to Microsoft Q&A. Visit Microsoft Q&A to post new questions.

Answered by:

Question

i using windows 7 and

i have problem to install .net framwork 3.5 or .net framwork 3 or 2.

the error: you must use «turn windows features on or off» in the control panel to install or configure microsoft .net framwork 3.5 sp1

the bromlem that i turned on all reatures comprehensive net framwork 3.5.

i dont undertand why it’s not installed’

Answers

Thanks for your post.

As for Windows 7, the .NET Framework 3.5.1 is included as system component.

To install/uninstall the .NET Framework 3.5 SP!, you can go to Start menu -> Control Panel -> Programs -> Turn Windows features on or off, unselect the checkbox of the Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1, click OK. Then open it again, and select the checkbox this time, click OK.

If there are any problems occur during the installation, you can collect the installation log files and analyze them.
You can follow the steps below to collect the log files:

· Try to clean your «%temp%» folder (Start Menu >> Run >> Type «%temp%).

· Install .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 again.

· Collect the logs from «%temp%» folder with the Log Collection Tool

· You can find the vslogs.cab file in the %temp% folder.

I hope this helps.

Andrew Wu [MSFT]
MSDN Community Support | Feedback to us
Get or Request Code Sample from Microsoft
Please remember to mark the replies as answers if they help and unmark them if they provide no help.

All replies

It probably is installed, or, was as part of the OS install.

Please tell us what problems you are encountering that leads you to believe .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 is not present. What is telling you that .NET 3.5 SP1 is not installed?

Thanks for your post.

As for Windows 7, the .NET Framework 3.5.1 is included as system component.

To install/uninstall the .NET Framework 3.5 SP!, you can go to Start menu -> Control Panel -> Programs -> Turn Windows features on or off, unselect the checkbox of the Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1, click OK. Then open it again, and select the checkbox this time, click OK.

If there are any problems occur during the installation, you can collect the installation log files and analyze them.
You can follow the steps below to collect the log files:

· Try to clean your «%temp%» folder (Start Menu >> Run >> Type «%temp%).

· Install .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 again.

· Collect the logs from «%temp%» folder with the Log Collection Tool

· You can find the vslogs.cab file in the %temp% folder.

I hope this helps.

Andrew Wu [MSFT]
MSDN Community Support | Feedback to us
Get or Request Code Sample from Microsoft
Please remember to mark the replies as answers if they help and unmark them if they provide no help.

What do you exactly mean by «cleaning» the %temp% folder? you mean delete all stuff in the folder? I’m afraid i’ll do something wrong

Sorry to butt in, but I saw your question for Andrew and can answer will full confidence.

YES, you can delete the entire contents of your %temp% folder without endangering your PC.

When I first learned of this technique, from Andrew and other experts, I was also skeptical. As I have four PC’s at home for various types of work and testing, I tried it on one machine to see.

After encountering no ill effects, I tried it on all my PC’s and have had no difficulties. AMOF, I routinely empty my %temp% folder before big installs or updates, just to eliminate potential issues.

Thanks for your post.

As for Windows 7, the .NET Framework 3.5.1 is included as system component.

To install/uninstall the .NET Framework 3.5 SP!, you can go to Start menu -> Control Panel -> Programs -> Turn Windows features on or off, unselect the checkbox of the Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1, click OK. Then open it again, and select the checkbox this time, click OK.

If there are any problems occur during the installation, you can collect the installation log files and analyze them.
You can follow the steps below to collect the log files:

· Try to clean your «%temp%» folder (Start Menu >> Run >> Type «%temp%).

· Install .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 again.

· Collect the logs from «%temp%» folder with the Log Collection Tool

· You can find the vslogs.cab file in the %temp% folder.

I hope this helps.

Andrew Wu [MSFT]
MSDN Community Support | Feedback to us
Get or Request Code Sample from Microsoft
Please remember to mark the replies as answers if they help and unmark them if they provide no help.