Different Types of Doors and Windows in a Building

DOORS

The function of a door is to give access to building and to different parts of the building and to deny the access whenever necessary. Number of doors should be minimum possible. The size of the door should be of such dimension as will facilitate the movement of the largest object likely to use the doors. In case of the residential buildings, the size of the door should not be less than 0.9 m × 2.0 m. Larger doors may be provided at main entrance to the building to enhance the aesthetic view.

Minimum sized doors are used for bath rooms and water closets.
The size recommended is 0.75 m × 1.9 m. As a thumb rule height of door should be 1 m more than its width.

TYPES OF DOORS

Various types of doors are in use which may be classified on the basis of arrangement of shutters, method of constructions, principles of working operations and materials used. Commonly used doors are briefly explained below:

[1] BATTENED AND LEDGED DOORS

Battens are 100 mm to 150 mm wide and 20 mm thick wooden boards. Their length is that of door opening. The battens are connected by horizontal planks, known as ledges of size 100 to 200 mm wide and 30 mm thick. Usually three ledges are used one at top, one at bottom and the third one at mid-height. This is the simplest form of door and the cheapest also. Battens are secured by tongued and grooved joint.

[2] BATTENED, LEDGED AND BRACED DOORS

If doors are wide apart from using battens and ledges diagonal members, known as braces, are provided to strengthen the door.

[3] FRAMED AND PANELLED DOORS

This type of door consists of vertical members, called styles and horizontal members called rails. The styles and rails are suitably grooved to receive panels. The panels may be of wood, A.C. sheet, glasses etc. The panels may be flat or of raised type to get good appearance. These are very commonly used doors. They may be of single shutter or of double shutter. If glass panels are used they may be called as glazed doors.

[4] FLUSH DOORS

The shutters of these doors are made of plywood or block boards. They are of uniform thickness. These shutters are available with different attractive vineer finishes. The time consumed in making such doors at site is quite less. These doors are suitable for interior portion of a building. Nowadays flush doors are commonly used in residential and office buildings.

[5] LOUVERED DOORS

Whenever privacy as well as ventilation is required such doors can be used. Louvers are the glass, wooden or A.C. sheet strips fixed in the frame of shutter such that they prevent vision but permit free passage of air. The doors may be fully or partially louvered. Such doors are commonly used for public bathrooms and latrines.

[6] REVOLVING DOORS

It consist of a centrally placed pivot to which four radiating shutters are attached. The central pivot is supported on ball bearing at the bottom and has a bush bearing at the top. The shutters may be partly or fully made up of glass. A circular space of entrance is provided within which shutters rotate. As shutters rotate they give entrance on one side and exit on other side. These doors are preferred in public buildings like stores, banks, hotels, theatres where continuous use of doors is necessary. They are very much required in entrance to air conditioned public buildings.

[7] SWING DOORS

Swing door has its shutter attached to the frame by means of double action springs. Hence shutter can move both inward and outward. They may be single shuttered or double shuttered. Such doors are preferred in offices and banks. Since these doors can open on both sides it is desirable to provide glass panels or peep holes to enable user to see the persons from other side.

[8] SLIDING DOORS

In this type of doors, shutter slides on the sides. For this purpose runners and guide rails are provided. Sliding shutters may be one, two or even three. Such doors are used in banks, offices etc.

[9] COLLAPSIBLE DOORS

Steel channels 16 to 20 mm wide are used as verticals. They are placed with 12 to 20 mm gap. Steel flats 16 mm to 20 mm wide and 5 mm thick are hinged to them The rollers are provided at their top as well as at bottom so that shutter can be pulled or pushed side ways with slight force. There may be single or double shutters. Usually these doors are used for additional safety. They are commonly used for front doors, bank locker rooms, school and college entrance doors.

[10] ROLLING DOORS

It consists of a frame, a drum and a shutter made of thin steel plates. The width of the door may vary from 2 to 3 m. The shutter moves on steel guides provided on sides and can easily roll up. For this counterbalancing is made with helical springs on the drum. The shutter can be easily pulled down.This type of doors are commonly used as additional doors to shops, offices, banks, factory, buildings from the point of safety.

WINDOWS

Windows are provided to give light and ventilation. They are located at a height of 0.75 m to 0.90 m from the floor level. In hot and humid regions, the window area should be 15 to 20 per cent of the floor area. It is preferable to have at least two openings in two different walls. Another thumb rule used to determine the size of the window opening is for every 30 m3 inside volume there should be at least 1 m2 window opening.

Various windows used may be classified on the basis of materials used, types of shutters, types of openings of shutters and the position of windows. Timber, steel and aluminium are commonly used to make window frames. Timber may get termite attacks, steel may rust but aluminium do not have any such defects. However they are costly. Shutters of windows may be panelled, glazed or louvered. Louvered windows are generally used for bathrooms and toilets where vision is not to be allowed but ventilation is required. Lower parts panelled and upper parts glazed windows are commonly used. Instead of panelled one may think of using translucent glasses. Window shutters may be fixed, centrally pivoted, sliding type or double hung.

TYPES OF WINDOWS

Depending upon the position of windows, they may be classified as:

[1] CASEMENT WINDOWS

Casement windows are common type of windows, provided in the outer walls. They are provided over 50 to 75 mm sill concrete at a height of 750 to 900 mm from floor level.

[2] BAY WINDOWS

Bay windows are provided on the projected portion of walls.

[3] CORNER WINDOWS

Corner windows are provided in the corner of a room. They need heavy lintels. Corner post of window should be strong enough to take load due to deflection of lintel and impact load from the shutters.

[4] CLEAR STORY WINDOWS

Clear storey windows are provided when the height of the room is much more than adjacent room/verandas. It is provided between the gap of low height room and the top of room with greater height.

[5] GABLE WINDOWS

Gable windows are provided in the gable portion of the building. They are required in the stair cases or in the halls with gable walls.

[6] SKY LIGHT WINDOWS

Sky light windows are provided on a sloping roof. It projects above the top sloping surface. The common rafters are to be trimmed suitably.

[7] DORMER WINDOWS

Dormer windows are vertical windows on the sloping roof.

[8] VENTILATORS

Ventilators are provided close to roof level or over the door frames. They help in pushing out exhaust air. They may be provided with two split and separated glasses or with hung shutters.

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Types of Door

When you begin creating the interiors of your house, you will discover that there countless door types to pick to impart the space with the ideal appearance and still permit it to deal with its function.

For example, if it is a vacation home, you will need to know how to protect a vacant property, and a strong door would be a good idea.

In easy terms, interior doors are those doors that do not offer access to the beyond your houses, such as doors discovered on closets, restrooms, bedrooms, and other enclosed locations of your house.

Door Types Based on The Material

There are big ranges of window and door types that can either be made or are readily available in the market for all set repairing.

Based upon the product of manufacture, a few of their types together with their highlight, benefits, and downsides are offered here to help with simple choice for you.

1. Paneled Door Type

These kinds of window and door types are most frequently supplied in your houses.

The frame for the door is constructed out of wood and the shutter panels from wood, plywood, blockboard, tough board, and so on.

A variety of styles can be made on the panels, thus making such a door rather ornamental.

The panels can likewise be constructed of glass.

In some cases where some parts of the door remain in wood panels and the other parts are made out of glass panels, the door is referred to as paneled and glazed.

This kind of door has a versatility of style which can look visually pleasing.

Moreover, the style can be made inning accordance with the requirement and area in your home.

The door frame for such kinds of doors can be constructed out of wood itself or of metal areas like steel and so on.

2. Metal Door Type

Steel or other such metal building and construction has actually been utilized for several years as they are effective and are a strong alternative for outside and interior doors alike. These doors can be either be strong or hollow.

It has actually been discovered to be a great alternative to wood and is being utilized thoroughly for making frames.

The frames can be constructed out of angles, Tee, channels, or pushed steel plates. Hold-fasts and hinges are typically bonded to the frame in case of steel frames.

Regular shutters constructed out of wood etc can be fixed on these steel frames.

Steel frames are rather popular and are being utilized thoroughly for homes and other areas as they are economical than the traditional wood frames.

Shutters can likewise be constructed of Mild Steel (MS) sheets, bonded or riveted to a frame of an angle iron or channel area, correctly braced.

Steel doors can likewise be made in high quality in cold rolled moderate steel, accuracy crafted.

They are long enduring need minimum upkeep. They are offered in lovely tones with a different wood grain texture. These can inevitably be utilized where security is of a higher issue.

3. PVC Door

PVC is a typical term for the item called Poly Vinyl Chloride. It is essentially a plastic product frequently utilized for making numerous items consisting of water tanks, pipelines, fittings, etc for homes.

Using PVC for the manufacture of doors has actually ended up being preferred and a big range of the very same are offered in the market in various colors and styles.

The benefits of using PVC doors are that they are termite evidence, resilient, anti destructive, lightweight, wetness resistant, and so on. They are likewise simple to produce and set up.

They are not matched for entry doors as they are extremely light in weight, not weather evidence like wood or metal doors, likewise, they can not withstand the extreme ecological conditions.

These door types are offered in the market and can show to be cost-effective when compared to wood doors.

Nowadays, windows are likewise being constructed of PVC items and are offered in the market.

4. Flush Door Type

A flush door is an entirely smooth door, having plywood or Medium Density Fiberboard repaired over a wood frame which is relatively light. The hollow core so gotten is frequently filled with a cardboard core product.

Flush doors are most frequently used in the interior of a residence, although with some variations they are likewise utilized as outside doors in homes.

The frames for such doors can be constructed of wood or steel, which can hold its weight. The doors are generally hinged along one side to permit the door to open in one instruction.

Flush doors are frequently supplied in homes nowadays due to the factors of economy, pleasing look, resilience, etc and are typically readily available in the market.

While offering these doors for toilets, baths; the inner face of the door need to be covered with aluminum sheets to offer security versus water. Frames for such doors or windows can be made in any of the standard ways.

5. Battened and Ledged Door Type

Battened and ledged door types are the most basic door types and remain in usage given that ages.

Such doors include vertical wood battens of the height of the door with about 35 mm densities which are generally tongue and groove joint.

Normally 3 ledges (horizontal members) are supplied, one each on top and bottom and one in the middle.

Battened and ledged doors can likewise be either braced or braced and framed to offer rigidness and a much better look.

Such doors are typically embraced for toilets, baths, WC, and other rooms as well as in homes where the economy is the prime factor to consider.

6. Bamboo Door Types

Bamboo laminates might change wood in numerous applications consisting of doors and windows, including their frames and so on.

One of the options to the wood items is the jute-coir composite board which can be made use of for the manufacture of doors.

Bamboo-jute composite doors have the benefit of being water-resistant, rust-resistant, termite resistant, environmentally friendly, bio-degradable, and expense efficient.

7. Glass Door Type

Glass is generally attended to windows and doors, primarily for paneling. If the owner so desires, doors can be made out of glass for particular areas.

Typically such doors are offered on the behind of your home as it offers an unblocked view of the yard or garden.

Front doors made from glass are similarly gorgeous, however, care needs to be required to guarantee both personal privacy and sturdiness.

Cut glass panels set into wood frames are a regular and gorgeous alternative for front doors.

Glassdoor types are usually more expensive and need more effort to upkeep. They are generally much heavier than other doors besides being pricey.

8. Aluminum Door Type

A big number of items made out of aluminum are readily available in the market consisting of doors, windows, partitions, drape walls, and so on.

Aluminum frames for doors and windows have the unique benefit of withstanding challenging ecological conditions.

Aluminum frames are not impacted by termites and as such, they are long-lasting.

Windows and doors constructed of aluminum can be side hung or moving and appropriate for outside or interior areas.

9. Wooden or Timber Door Type

Typically, wood or timber as it is commonly understood has actually been the pillar for the manufacture of doors or windows.

Its primary benefit has actually been regional accessibility of products and the ease with which it can be made by the regional carpenters.

Currently, big ranges of wood are readily available in the market and its choice needs to be made based upon the residential or commercial properties of durability and the spending plan of your house owner.

They can be utilized for all places in the home, they are best positioned for outside places.

Wood is most typically being utilized for making from doors or windows.

10. Fiberglass Door Type

Glass fibers bonded with resin that can be utilized to produce a variety of products consisting of bathtubs, doors and windows, and so on.

Fiberglass is stated to be one of the most solidified products with fairly low upkeep expenses as compared with wood and steel.

Fiberglass doors are anticipated to be steady as they do not warp, bow, or twist.

Windows and doors constructed out of fiberglass can be offered with wood panels on the surface to surpass the visual appeals.

Doors constructed out of fiberglass can be utilized for both outside and interior areas.

The outside doors have designer choices such as diagonal glass and door styles. These doors are readily available in the market to match any architectural design.

11. Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Door

Due to its high strength, it can be put to numerous usages consisting of the manufacture of doors.

FRP molded doors are readily available in numerous colors and surfaces consisting of natural wood surfaces in the market.

These doors can likewise have 2 leaves of 1.5 mm density. The leaves are molded over a core product forming a sandwich panel.

Required wood assistance is offered to repair the deals with, locks, stoppers, and other devices. FRP doors remain in great need nowadays for usage in modern-day homes.

Door Types Based on The Style

In the explanation above, we have discussed door types that are classified by their base material.

For your information, the kinds of the door can also be classified based on its style. What are those?

Continue reading to figure them out!

1. Hinged Doors

Likewise referred to as passage doors, hinged doors are the most frequently utilized doors in our houses.

The one end of the door is installed on the hinges, whereas the other end swings into or from the space.

Hinged doors can be brought just as apiece, as well as a pre-hung door system.

2. Dutch Doors

Dutch doors are simple to recognize thanks to their style. They are divided horizontally and have different panels for the top and bottom.

Such a door could be a good choice for spaces like the cooking area for instance. You can likewise have a dutch front door.

3. Pocket Doors

Pocket doors have actually been around given that numerous years, however, they have actually just recently gotten severe appeal.

Let me inform you pocket doors are nothing but doors that move in and out of area provisioned inside the wall. Pocket doors are offered as single doors in addition to double doors.

4. Roller Doors

Roller door or sectional overhead doors are generally utilized for garages and storage facilities however they are an extremely trendy addition to a living-room for instance.

You can utilize a roller door to separate the interior home from the deck or garden.

5. Bifold Doors

Bifold doors are nothing but a set of doors, which are hinged together and fold into each other.

The doors are generally installed on a track that hangs from the top of the head of the opening.

These doors are typically utilized for locations such as utility rooms, kitchen, and closets.

6. Sliding Doors

Moving doors are likewise resolved as bypass doors and are generally used for locations including large opening as that discovered in a bedroom or closets.

These doors do not swing open and rather, you have to move them on the track. Because these doors do not swing open, they do not disrupt other components of the space.

Nevertheless, just a part of the opening is accessible at a time.

7. Pivot Doors

A pivot door turns on 2 metal rotates on the top and bottom of the door. It’s a really stylish and simple-looking kind of door and it has no deals with.

Its minimalist style and structure make it best for modern-day and modern houses.

8. French Doors

If you are searching for something significant, French doors would be the ideal choice.

These doors are held on the hinges set up on each side of the opening, and they swing to each other and fulfill in the center.

When both side doors are opened, they provide an unblocked view.

It sure was great to learn so much about doors, but what got me was the aluminum doors and how they are amazing at withstanding environmental conditions and so they are perfect for exterior areas. I consider the front entry an exterior area, so I will consider this type of door replacement. After all, what I am after is a replacement that is durable and long-lasting. Thank you for sharing the details.

Couldn’t agree more! 🙂

It sure was nice to know that the aluminum door type is growing in popularity because of the fact that it lasts a long time due to their ability to withstand ecological conditions. I will be sure to mention this to my mom since she wants to get the door frame replaced soon. Considering how the lifespan of the potential door is going to affect her decision, surely this one will gain her approval. Thank you.

It got me when you discussed the flush door and how it is made of plywood and more suitable for the interior of the residence. I am actually looking for a door that I will use for the bathroom and basement. Since the house has a contemporary design, I want a type of door that will match it as well. Looking at the photo, I think the flush door will work quite well. I will give this a try.

Whatever kind of doors you might like to have it installed on your home just make sure that it’s durable enough to protect you and won’t compromise your security against unlikely and uninvited individuals who may come to visit you any time. My point is about the protection that we all would want and that is if we find a good door service provider.

It’s awesome that pocket doors can move in and out of a provided area. My sister has been telling me about how she wants to get some new doors installed in her bathroom soon. I’ll share this information with her so that she can look into her options for getting the right parts to help with this.