Update linux with terminal

How do I update Ubuntu using terminal command line

How do I update Ubuntu using terminal?

1. Open the terminal application
2. For remote server use the ssh command to login (e.g. ssh user @ server-name )
3. Fetch update software list by running sudo apt-get update command
4. Update Ubuntu software by running sudo apt-get upgrade command
5. Reboot the Ubuntu box if required by running sudo reboot

Let us see all commands in details.

How do I upgrade Ubuntu using terminal?

You need to use either apt command or apt-get command. The apt command provides a high-level command line interface for the package management system. One can install new packages, update packages, remove/delete packages and performer other sysadmin duties for package management using apt.

How to sync the package index files from their sources via Internet

Run the command:
$ sudo apt-get update
OR
$ sudo apt update

How to install the newest versions of all installed packages on Ubuntu

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How to update already installed package named nginx

The syntax is:
$ sudo apt install PackageNameHere
Alternatively, you can use the following syntax too:
$ sudo apt-get install PackageNameHere
Let us upgrade nginx package:
$ sudo apt install nginx
If nginx package is already installed it will try to update to latest version:

Conclusion

You learned how to update or upgrade Ubuntu Linux using terminal based session.

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Как правильно обновить Ubuntu через терминал?

Вы зашли в терминал и ваша Ubuntu приветствует Вас сообщением, что могут быть обновлены пакеты. Какие команды надо набрать, чтобы обновить Ubuntu из командной строки?

Перед обновлением необходимо выполнить команду apt-get update , которая обновит информацию о пакетах, содержащихся в репозиториях, чтобы в процессе обновления получить самые последние версии пакетов. Далее существует 2 варианта обновления: dist-upgrade и upgrade . Предпочтительнее первый вариант.

Когда мне надо обновить убунту через терминал, я выполняю эти две команды:

dist-upgrade делает тоже самое, что upgrade плюс выполяет «умное» разрешения конфликтов версий пакетов. При конфликтах пакетов Ubuntu попытается обновите наиболее важные пакеты за счет менее важных. Поэтому команда dist-upgrade может установить дополнительные пакеты или удалить один из конфликтующих пакетов.

Команды upgrade и dist-upgrade не меняют версию системы, например с Ubuntu 13.04 до Ubuntu 13.10. Для этого есть отдельная команда.

На мой взгляд простым смертным имеет смысл апгрейдится только с LTS на LTS, то есть совершать переход между версиями с долгосрочной поддержкой, а выпускаются они раз в 2 года и поддерживаются 5 лет. Еще это обусловлено тем, что большинство производителей серьёзного программного обеспечения также поддерживают свои продукты для LTS версий операционных систем, например цитата из документации MongoDB:

PLATFORM SUPPORT
MongoDB only provides packages for 64-bit LTS (long-term support) Ubuntu releases. For example, 12.04 LTS (precise), 14.04 LTS (trusty), 16.04 LTS (xenial), and so on. These packages may work with other Ubuntu releases, however, they are not supported.

То есть, если вы обновитесь с Ubuntu 16.04 на 16.10 и вдруг MongoDB перестанет работать, то не факт, что даже за деньги вам помогут решить эту пробему.

В рассматриваемом случае получается периодичность выполнения команды do-release-upgrade примерно раз в 2-4 года.

Обновление с 16.04 до 18.04

В апреле 2018 года Canonical выпустила Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (кодовое имя Bionic Beaver). А это значит, что можно обновлять систему.

Однако стоит упомянуть слова Стив Лангасека, менеджера команды Ubuntu Engineering Foundations, который напоминает про принцип «Работатет — не трогай» :

Обновления между выпусками LTS не включаются по умолчанию, пока не будет выпущен первый выпуск (18.04.1), запланированный на июль. Рекомендуется, чтобы большинство пользователей LTS подождали до этого времени до обновления до 18.04.

Поэтому, до недавнего времени если запускалась команда do-release-upgrade , то она выводила сообщение, что обновлений нет.

Если в таком случае добавить ключ -d (версии разработки), то обновление запустится

// Пробовал обновиться 8.05.2018, не получилось, откатился назад.

Итак, время пришло. Терминал торжественно встречает фразой.

И вот на этом моменте следует остановиться. Если у вас нет «прямого» доступа к машине, то есть риск, что обновление пройдет неудачно и вы не сможете об этом узнать по SSH. Безопаснее обновлять операционную систему, если у вас есть физический доступ к машине.

Второй момент. Система несколько раз спросит подтверждение:

Если у вас локализованная версия Ubuntu, то прямо в терминале (не SSH) сменить раскладку не получится((, а ответ yes или y не подойдет. Поэтому стоит скопировать букву «д» в буфер обмена.

После подтверждения начинатся загрузка и установка пакетов, модификация системных файлов. В зависимости от установленного ПО мастер установки задаст вопросы вида:

Ничего сложного. Отвечаем, дожидаемся завершения обновления.

Проблемы после обновления

На вопрос Файл настройки «/etc/apache2/apache2.conf» изменён я ответил установить версию, предлагаемую сопровождающим пакета . Из-за этого apache2 не запустился.

Смотрим журнал journalctl -xe -u apache2

Запись сообщает, что не удалось достоверно определить полное доменное имя сервера. Добавление ServerName

Далее. Не был включен PHP. Посмотреть что включено apache2ctl -M . Просмотр установленных модулей

Включаем модуль PHP 7.2

Система не поставила PHP расширение pdo_mysql . Исправляем:

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How Do I Update Ubuntu Linux Software Using Command Line?

I have latest version of Ubuntu Linux LTS server. How do I update Ubuntu Linux for security and application fix/upgrades using ssh command line? How can I install updates via command line option?

Ubuntu Linux can be upgraded using GUI tools or using traditional command line tools such as:

Tutorial details
Difficulty level	Easy
Root privileges	Yes
Requirements	Ubuntu Linux
Est. reading time	3 minutes

1. apt-get or apt command – apt-get command or apt command is the command-line tool for handling packages.
2. aptitude command – aptitude is a text-based interface to the Debian GNU/Linux package system including Ubuntu Linux.

Update Ubuntu Linux Software Using Command Line

Let us see all commands and options in details.

Ubuntu Linux server – Install updates via apt-get command line ( option #1 )

The commands are as follows:

1. apt-get update : Update is used to resynchronize the package index files from their sources on Ubuntu Linux via the Internet.
2. apt-get upgrade : Upgrade is used to install the newest versions of all packages currently installed on the Ubuntu system.
3. sudo apt-get install package-name : Install is followed by one or more packages desired for installation. If package is already installed it will try to update to latest version.

First, open the Terminal application and type following two commands (Application > Accessories > Terminal and then type the commands as the root user).

Get updated software list for Ubuntu, enter:

Update software(s) i.e. apply updates and patches on Ubuntu Linux

Type the following apt-get command:
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
OR
$ sudo apt upgrade

Installing updates on Ubuntu Linux system

Install kernel updates on a Ubuntu LTS server

Type the following apt-get command:
$ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
If a new kernel installed, reboot the Linux server:
$ sudo reboot

To upgrade individual software called foo type command:

$ sudo apt-get install foo
OR
$ sudo apt-get install apache php5 mysql-server

Ubuntu Linux server – Install updates via aptitude command line ( option #2 )

The syntax is as follows to Update the packages list:
$ sudo aptitude update
To actually upgrade the packages, type:
$ sudo aptitude safe-upgrade

Apply Ubuntu server updates over ssh based command line session

First, login to the remote Ubuntu server using ssh client:
$ ssh user@server-name-here
$ ssh vivek@server1.cyberciti.biz
Once your log into your server, run the following two commands:
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
OR
$ sudo aptitude update
$ sudo aptitude safe-upgrade
OR
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
From the apt-get(8) page:

The dist-upgrade in addition to performing the function of upgrade, also intelligently handles changing dependencies with new versions of packages; apt-get has a “smart” conflict resolution system, and it will attempt to upgrade the most important packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary. So, dist-upgrade command may remove some packages. The /etc/apt/sources.list file contains a list of locations from which to retrieve desired package files.

Using Ubuntu Update Manager GUI tool

Ubuntu Update Manage the GUI tool. It works like Microsoft or Red Hat update manager i.e. you will see a little icon in the kicker bar/taskbar when there are updates. It will only appear when new upgrades are available. All you have to do is click on it and follow the online instructions. You can also start the GUI tool by Clicking System > Administration > Update Manager

A note about the latest version of Ubuntu Linux

Press the Superkey (Windows key) > Type updater:

Fig.01: Ubuntu Launch the Software Updater

Fig.02: Installing updates on a Ubuntu Linux

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Summing up

Keeping your system kernel and apps is an essential task for all developers and sysadmin. A patched system prevents security issues and increases system stability. It is also possible to automatically download and apply all critical security updates. See

Both apt and apt-get commands have many options. Hence, read the man page:
man apt
man apt-get

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Category	List of Unix and Linux commands
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File Management	cat • cp • less • mkdir • more • tree
Firewall	Alpine Awall • CentOS 8 • OpenSUSE • RHEL 8 • Ubuntu 16.04 • Ubuntu 18.04 • Ubuntu 20.04
Linux Desktop Apps	Skype • Spotify • VLC 3
Modern utilities	bat • exa
Network Utilities	NetHogs • dig • host • ip • nmap
OpenVPN	CentOS 7 • CentOS 8 • Debian 10 • Debian 8/9 • Ubuntu 18.04 • Ubuntu 20.04
Package Manager	apk • apt
Processes Management	bg • chroot • cron • disown • fg • glances • gtop • jobs • killall • kill • pidof • pstree • pwdx • time • vtop
Searching	ag • grep • whereis • which
Shell builtins	compgen • echo • printf
Text processing	cut • rev
User Information	groups • id • lastcomm • last • lid/libuser-lid • logname • members • users • whoami • who • w
WireGuard VPN	Alpine • CentOS 8 • Debian 10 • Firewall • Ubuntu 20.04

Comments on this entry are closed.

up date Ubuntu6.06 i have Ubuntu6.10isofile

I installed ubuntu sofware in my laptop but I can changed the display of monitor (the evolution of screen is only 1240×768). I want to change it into 1240×800 to fit with the widescreen. So what do I do to change it.
I want to have vietnamese font in ubunto? please let me know the way to get it!
thank you very much!

may i know ur processor plz

I installed the ubuntu 7.10 versiyon.At the beginning ı can not connect the internet then find a way and mozilla can connect the web.But there is a problem about updates ı have not a web connection for doing updates.no problem about modem no problem about networking and mozilla work good but other application like pidgin and updates do not connect web.What can ı do?

Try updating your software sources. Go to linux ubuntu website and search for software sources. I had this problem similar to this with my Pidgen. I had to change the server addresses for my Yahoo chat to work. But you go to System>Administration>Software Sources. Hope This Helps You….

I cannot update my Feisty 7.04 and don’t have GUI on the server!
How can I do any updates at all?
apt-get update returns a lot of errors but downloads some things? I do not know what or where?
and apt-get install update does Not work and gives me E: error !
I know now that ubuntu has abandoned the 7.04 version and has changed the link/ulr so the server cant find the files it needs (to download). but when I try to put a correct link in my sources.list file the errors continue!?
Does anyone know how to Manually install the updates.
Now if Microsoft had change the URL, we would never hear the end of it, that is only fair not to mess with the configuration files on a fairly new operating system (feisty 7.04 is not that old at all, compared to NT is a new born baby)!
I am new in linux and really like some of the features but it sucks when you have to spend all your time on a dumb little simple matter as to an update,

Working Ubuntu server from the command-line, this help was very useful.

I the speed of updating is so slowly,what should i do to update faster?

yes…..it was last updated for 113 days ago….fuck the update manager……check,check,check

if you update your network settings and if you are getting IP address from DHCP you can run dhclient eth0 (or whatever NIC) and update the net info.
this will improve your speed.

Hello,
I installed ubuntu linux 9.0 on my computer how can i install a program i bought from the store or add a new graphics card. I have been trying to put new programs on my computer but the disc always comes up as a file and doesn’t autorun the program for installation. need much help thank you

If you are in the Graphical mode (GUI) then you can browse the cdrom to see what program is executable (usually install.sh or similar program).
If the CD is a linux program then a shortcut (link) to it will appear on your desktop.

If you are in the command line;
There are usually a link (or shortcut) to the CDROM in the root of your drive, if there isnt then you have to cd /media then cd cdrom .
if you have the rights (login as root or type su ) then you can cd /cdrom
(after you load the cd in the drive) then you can do an ls to see any install.sh program or README file to tell you how to install that program.

Great stuff, but can you upgrade just a single package eg. phpmyadmin only?

Very good if you have a working system! But mine is not working so I can’t up date cos my upgrade is not completed until the desktop is updated and running.

So do I just re-load again or have I misses some thing?

How can you install a windows program on ubuntu?

firstly you must install wine. after you can install windows program together wine.

I am not an expert in Linux but I think you have to use the fdisk program in linux to create an NTFS or FAT32 partition so you can install Windows on it.
fdisk in command prompt is easy to use really,
you can do an fdisk -l (L) to see what is available then do fdisk /dev/sda1 or whatever
press m for help. then l to see the list of partitions. (i.e 8e for LVM or virtual drives in Linux)…

OR if you already have an unused partition (empty) you can install Windows on it.
but take extra care not to format the linux partition.

IF your Linux system does not come up correctly you can type fsck to fix it.

There may be a suitable alternative to your Windows program, depending on what it is. There are lots of choices as far as open source software goes, you might get lucky.

You might also be able to use Wine, a Windows Emulator to install and run your Windows program, again, depending on what program it is.

Hello all….
It’s been great with the Karmic. I’m using it almost anywhere. And it does work like charm after install.. And right now i’m learning the command so i can setup my own server box. Mehdi, you are a great guy, always trying to help others… So i want to add a bit on what mehdi talk about.
If u want to run a windows program install WINE and then you can run a lot of windows program(not all.. go to winehq and read the list)
I can run my warcraft & Counter Strike that reside on my NTFS(windows) partition just like that. WINE is really a great program.
2. U don’t need fdisk all the way to manage a partition. Use gParted instead. Shrink the partition. make a new empty partition and boot up the windows cd and install windows. then configure the GRUB loader to boot your windows as well.
3. Always make time to read some tutorial and browse the forum. It will help you greatly. And try to always use the terminal to make you more understand linux (although ubuntu have done a well done job on the GUI side)

after installing packages how can i see the list of the packages or files that were just install? I am talking use terminal commands?

I HAVE problem to activate ubuntu 10.6 in my compture.

I’ve faced a problem in using ubuntu to update softweres of midia player ,video player,to running & to compile fortran programming language & more help me

I am very new to ubuntu linux, I was wondering, if I have Ubuntu and I want to upgrade it to the next version, will the drivers (and etc), get updated (or at least stay there) as well? Or do I need to install one and each of them again manually?

I am new and still learning but here’s what I know:
If you have a computer which is running Windows then I suggest to use the Wubi which is a small file but installs the latest version of Ubuntu for you (without making changes in your file allocation table or boot sector and you will Not lose any of your Windows files, and it defaults into Windows with Ubuntu as 2nd choice).
As for the updates and upgrades Ubuntu has a program which comes up automatically and asks you to verify username/password and then it updates it regularly (You can turn that option off or set it in longer intervals), Otherwise you can do it in terminal by sudo apt-get updates or upgrade.
I had a bit of problem with the Auto Updates (In GUI) with version 10.x, I have not had any trouble with (the auto-updates) in this new (11.x ) version so far and I have been using it for few weeks now.
In the last version it would totally freeze the computer and the last time it froze I lost everything (of course it was a learning machine and I didnt rely on it for anything) But then other people told me they had same problem (in version 10.x).
So to be on the safe side, try to use the command line for updates and upgrades.

Also I think with updates you update the lib. files and some drivers but with upgrade you upgrade the kernel file?!
good luck.

I am having troubles updating my 7.04 Feisty. I am trying to update to 11.04, but am not successful. I have the CD for it, and every time i run it, it takes forever, and doesnt seem to do anything. After a while, at the bottom, a few numbers and file names appear. it counts up from 1, and just keeps going up every second. It reached 8500 until i turned it off. Why will 11.04 get installed?

I used to have the same problem with updating, it was my hardware I think , I used different method of installation (used all the different options) but nothing worked.
Have you taken different options to see if it works? Do you have enough Hard Drive space left for an update?
Anyway now I do a partition-less install using Wubi but that is an exe file and only works in Windows. If they have something like Wubi for Linux, it would be excellent cuz it works great. (May be you can use Wine to run Wubi inside Ubuntu)? it is a 1.4 meg file but it picks up the latest version of Ubuntu for you and installs it.
good luck.

I did a mistake when I was running some programs. By mistake I pressed the update button on the software update page. Immediately I pressed the cancel button to cancel the update installation. But I didn’t able to cancel it. Then I pressed the shut down button immediately. After that when I started the computer, I didn’t able to open the computer anymore. it shows some spectral line on the screne.

Please give me some suggestion. Thank you.

It’s writing command not found on my machine.

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