Vmware tools linux what is

Пошаговая инструкция по установке VMware Tools на Linux

VMware Tools увеличивают функциональные возможности виртуальной машины. Можно установить как родные утилиты, так и open-vm-tools из репозитория Linux. Рассмотрим оба варианта.

Установка

Процесс установки во многом похож на установку VMware Tools во FreeBSD.

Открываем консоль управления виртуальными машинами. Находим ту, на которую будем устанавливать VMware Tools. Кликаем по ней правой кнопкой мыши — Guest — Install/Upgrade VMware Tools:

Подтверждаем, нажатием OK — будет выполнено монтирование установочного образа утилит к виртуальной машине.

Теперь подключается к Linux по SSH и монтируем образ к гостевой системе следующей командой:

mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

* в некоторых версиях Linux, устройство CD-ROM может называться cdrom1.

Распаковываем архив с установочными скриптами во временную директорию:

tar -zxvf /mnt/VMwareTools-* -C /tmp/

CD-ROM нам больше не нужен — отмонтируем его:

Запускаем скрипт установки VMware Tools:

Если видим, примерно, такое сообщение:

open-vm-tools are available from the OS vendor and VMware recommends using
open-vm-tools. See http://kb.vmware.com/kb/2073803 for more information.
Do you still want to proceed with this legacy installer? [no]

отвечаем yes.

На все остальные вопросы отвечаем по умолчанию, нажимая Enter.

В сообщении, на которое мы ответили yes говориться о том, что лучше устанавливать VMware Tools при помощи open-vm-tools. Однако после такой установки, консоль VMware в статусе утилит виртуальной машины ставит вопросительный знак и пишет 3rdParty. Дав свое согласие, мы продолжили установку старым проверенным методом.

Запуск установки в автоматическом режиме (без необходимости отвечать на вопросы) можно запустить командой:

Проверка

Версию установленного ПО можно посмотреть следующей командой:

Теперь открываем консоль управления VMware — устанавливаем курсор на виртуальную машину с установленными тулзами и переходим на вкладку Summary. В графе VMware Tools мы должны увидеть зеленую галочку и значение Running:

Автозагрузка

При установке VMware Tools добавляются в автозагрузку. Действий не требуется.

Если по каким-либо причинам, этого не произошло, добавить запуск скрипта при запуске системы можно командой:

systemctl enable vmware-tools

Или в ранних системах.

update-rc.d vmware-tools defaults

chkconfig vmware-tools on

Удаление

Для удаления используется скрипт vmware-uninstall-tools.pl:

Не родная утилита (openvmtools)

Выше мы рассмотрели наиболее предпочтительный вариант установки vmtools. Однако, если по каким-либо причинам, у нас нет возможности установить утилиту таким образом, мы можем воспользоваться репозиторием установленной системы (само собой, при наличии данной утилиты в нем).

Установка выполняется разными командами в зависимости от используемой системы.

а) Deb (Ubuntu, Debian):

apt-get install open-vm-tools

б) RPM (Red Hat, CentOS, Rocky Linux):

yum install open-vm-tools

Для разрешения автозапуска утилиты и ее старта вводим команду:

systemctl enable vmtoolsd —now

Команды VMware Tools

После установки vmtools нам будут доступны дополнительные команды. К сожалению, они плохо документированы, поэтому не удалось найти их адекватное описание:

Команда	Примеры использования
vmware-namespace-cmd	vmware-namespace-cmd [OPTION?] [get-value | set-key | delete-key] [ ]
vmware-rpctool	rpctool as an RPC command.
vmtoolsd	vmtoolsd [OPTION]
vmware-toolbox-cmd	vmware-toolbox-cmd [options] [subcommand]
vmware-checkvm	vmware-checkvm (показывает версию VMware)
vmware-vgauth-cmd	vmware-vgauth-cmd [OPTION] [add | list | remove]
VGAuthService	VGAuthService [OPTION]
vmware-xferlogs	vmware-xferlogs
vmware-hgfsclient	vmware-hgfsclient
vmhgfs-fuse	vmhgfs-fuse sharedir mountpoint [options]

По каждой команде можно вызвать небольшую справку командой:

Источник

VMware Workstation 5.5

VMware Tools for Linux Guests

On a Linux guest, you can install VMware Tools within X or from the command line

Installing VMware Tools within X

You can install VMware Tools within X using the .tar installer in a terminal window. See Installing VMware Tools from the Command Line with the Tar Installer.

To install VMware Tools from X with the RPM installer:

1. Choose VM > Install VMware Tools.

The guest operating system mounts the VMware Tools installation virtual CD.

2. Double-click the VMware Tools CD icon on the desktop.

Note: In some Linux distributions, the VMware Tools CD icon may fail to appear when you install VMware Tools within an X windows session on a guest. In this case, you should continue installing VMware Tools as described in Installing VMware Tools from the Command Line with the Tar Installer, beginning with step 3.

3. Double-click the RPM installer in the root of the CD-ROM.

4. Enter the root password.

5. Click Continue.

The installer prepares the packages.

6. Click Continue when the installer presents a dialog box saying Completed System Preparation.

A dialog appears for Updating system, with a progress bar. When the installer is done, VMware Tools are installed. There is no confirmation or finish button.

7. In an X terminal, as root (su -), configure VMware Tools.

Respond to the questions the installer displays on the screen. Press Enter to accept the default value.

Note: Be sure to respond yes when the installer offers to run the configuration program.

8. Launch the VMware Tools background application:

Note: Some guest operating systems require a reboot for full functionality.

Installing VMware Tools from the Command Line with the Tar Installer

The first steps are performed on the host, within Workstation menus:

1. Power on the virtual machine.

2. After the guest operating system has started, prepare your virtual machine to install VMware Tools.

Choose VM > Install VMware Tools.

The remaining steps take place inside the virtual machine.

3. As root (su -), mount the VMware Tools virtual CD-ROM image, change to a working directory (for example, /tmp), uncompress the installer, then unmount the CD-ROM image.

Note: Some Linux distributions automatically mount CD-ROMs. If your distribution uses automounting, do not use the mount and umount commands below. You still must untar the VMware Tools installer to /tmp.

Some Linux distributions use different device names or organize the /dev directory differently. If your CD-ROM drive is not /dev/cdrom or if the mount point for a CD-ROM is not /mnt/cdrom, you must modify the following commands to reflect the conventions used by your distribution.

Note: If you have a previous installation, delete the previous vmware-distrib directory before installing. The default location of this directory is
/tmp/vmware-tools-distrib.

4. Untar the VMware Tools tar file:

tar zxpf /mnt/cdrom/VMwareTools-5.0.0- .tar.gz

Where is the build/revision number of the VMware Workstation release.

Note: If you attempt to install a tar installation over an rpm installation — or the reverse — the installer detects the previous installation and must convert the installer database format before continuing.

5. Run the VMware Tools tar installer:

Respond to the configuration questions on the screen. Press Enter to accept the default value.

6. Log off of the root account.

7. Start X and your graphical environment.

8. In an X terminal, launch the VMware Tools background application.

Note: You may run VMware Tools as root or as a normal user. To shrink virtual disks, you must run VMware Tools as root (su -).

Installing VMware Tools from the Command Line with the RPM Installer

The first steps are performed on the host, within Workstation menus:

1. Power on the virtual machine.

2. After the guest operating system has started, prepare your virtual machine to install VMware Tools.

Choose VM > Install VMware Tools.

The remaining steps take place inside the virtual machine.

3. As root (su -), mount the VMware Tools virtual CD-ROM image, change to a working directory (for example, /tmp), uncompress the installer, then unmount the CD-ROM image.

Note: Some Linux distributions automatically mount CD-ROMs. If your distribution uses automounting, do not use the mount and umount commands below. You still must untar the VMware Tools installer to /tmp.

Some Linux distributions use different device names or organize the /dev directory differently. If your CD-ROM drive is not /dev/cdrom or if the mount point for a CD-ROM is not /mnt/cdrom, you must modify the following commands to reflect the conventions used by your distribution.

Note: If you have a previous installation, delete the previous vmware-distrib directory before installing. The default location of this directory is
/tmp/vmware-tools-distrib.

4. At the command prompt, enter:

rpm -Uhv /mnt/cdrom/VMwareTools-5.0.0- .i386.rpm

Where is the build/revision number of the VMware Workstation release.

Note: If you attempt to install an rpm installation over a tar installation — or the reverse — the installer detects the previous installation and must convert the installer database format before continuing.

5. Configure VMware Tools:

Respond to the questions the installer displays on the screen. Press Enter to accept the default value.

6. Log off of the root account.

7. Start X and your graphical environment.

8. In an X terminal, launch the VMware Tools background application.

Note: You may run VMware Tools as root or as a normal user. To shrink virtual disks, you must run VMware Tools as root (su -).

Starting VMware Tools Automatically

You may find it helpful to configure your guest operating system so VMware Tools starts when you start your X server. The steps for doing so vary depending on your Linux distribution and your desktop environment. Check your operating system documentation for the appropriate steps to take.

For example, in a Red Hat Linux 7.1 guest using GNOME, follow these steps.

1. Open the Startup Programs panel in the GNOME Control Center.

Main Menu (click the foot icon in the lower left corner of the screen) > Programs > Settings > Session > Startup Programs

3. In the Startup Command field, enter vmware-toolbox.

4. Click OK, click OK again, then close the GNOME Control Center.

The next time you start X, VMware Tools starts automatically.

Uninstalling VMware Tools

To remove VMware Tools from your Linux guest operating system, log on as root (su -) and enter the following command:

Источник

Ubuntu Documentation

What are ‘VMware Tools’?

The VMware Tools are software installed on a guest VM for improving performance when running on a VMware/Esx, VMware/Player, VMware/Server or VMware/Workstation host. The tools provide:

• VMware Network acceleration
• VMware Video acceleration
• Host to Guest time synchronization
• Seamless mouse movement between host and guest

Cut & Paste — Guest to Host and Guest to Guest

Disk Shrink (with VMware Toolbox running at root)

Startup/Shutdown Scripts (with VMware Toolbox running at root)

This page explains how to install the VMware Tools on an Ubuntu guest VM.

Installing VMware tools on an Ubuntu guest

VMware tools can be obtained from:

the open-vm-tools package in Ubuntu

packages.vmware.com

your VMware host (this method does not use .deb packages)

VMware recommends users to use open-vm-tools on Linux, including Ubuntu.

Installing from Ubuntu package open-vm-tools on Trusty Tahr 14.04 and later

open-vm-tools is the recommended method of installing VMware tools on Ubuntu. Packages are available in the main repository since 14.04.

If you are on Trusty after upgrading from an older release, you may need to use open-vm-tools-lts-trusty-desktop instead.

Legacy Ubuntu Installations

Given the nature of virtualization, there may be a need for continued usage of very old versions of Ubuntu. Instructions for 10.04 to 12.04 are listed below. For anything older, please consult VMware’s installation guide.

Installing from Operating System Specific Packages (OSPs) on Lucid Lynx 10.04 to Precise Pangolin 12.04

The package open-vm-tools is available in the multiverse repository for releases 10.04 to 12.04. However, these versions are very out of date and may not have the drivers for newer versions of ESXi and VMware Workstation / Player / Fusion. For this reason, if you are still in need of a legacy Ubuntu VM, installation from VMware’s repository is recommended. Use 12.04 package for Ubuntu 12.10, 13.04 and 13.10 releases.

To add the repository do:

Note: using apt-add-repository will also add an entry for sources, which are not available in the vmware repository. You’ll need to manually delete the deb-src entry for «packages.vmware.com», which should be at the bottom of your /etc/apt/sources.list file.

Verify the succesful installation

Kernel modules are only loaded for the virtual devices being used. However, the vmmemctl module should always be loaded.

Installing from your VMware host

Warning: This install method does not use Ubuntu packages. Instead, it bypasses dpkg and writes files directly to your system. This is generally not recommended.

Start up a terminal window and do the following to ensure that you have the required packages for building VMware Tools or your kernel.

NOTE: linux-headers- uname -r is not required on a default build as these headers already exist. They are listed here in case you have made kernel modifications.

From the VMware menu, choose VM->Install VMware Tools. You should see a mounted CD image show up on the desktop. In the File Browser that pops up, right-click the VMwareTools*.tar.gz file and extract to the Desktop.

If the cdrom was not automatically mounted, mount the cdrom (in your guest OS) by doing

Open a terminal window, and run the following commands.

During vmware-install.pl, choose the default answers to everything (just hit the key).

You can configure the tools as root

Otherwise run them as a user (not root)

• In order for the synchronized clipboard and mouse to function as well as the host shared folders feature, you must have vmware-toolbox running, although you can minimize the window.

To have vmware tools auto start with your sessions, go to System->Preferences->Sessions->Startup Programs. Click Add, enter vmware-toolbox, Ok, Close.

If you are running a Kubuntu guest OS.

In order to get the scroll wheel to work again after the above install, you will need to make a minor change to the xorg.conf file.

In the «Configured Mouse» section, change the following line as indicated:

If you have more than five buttons (scroll wheel counts as three), then you might need the following line:

Additional Resources

VMware/Tools (последним исправлял пользователь dpsi 2017-10-31 01:28:02)

The material on this wiki is available under a free license, see Copyright / License for details
You can contribute to this wiki, see Wiki Guide for details

Источник