What is oracle sid in windows

What is oracle sid in windows

Identifying Which Session to Terminate
To identify which session to terminate, specify the session’s index number and serial number. To identify the index (SID) and serial number of a session, query the V$SESSION dynamic performance view.

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System identifier (SID)
A unique name for an Oracle instance. To switch between Oracle databases, users must specify the desired SID. The SID is included in the CONNECT DATA parts of the connect descriptor in a tnsnames.ora file, and in the definition of the network listener in a listener.ora file.

Instance
Every running Oracle database is associated with an Oracle instance. When a database is started on a database server (regardless of computer type), Oracle allocates a memory area called System Global Area (SGA) and starts an Oracle process. This combination of SGA and an Oracle process is called an instance. The memory and the process of an instance manage the associated database’s data efficiently and serve the one or more database users.

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Database Identification by Service Name Rather than SID
An Oracle database can span multiple instances over multiple computers, making the database service a distributed service.

Prior to Oracle8i, an Oracle database service was identified by an Oracle System Identifier (SID), a name that identifies a specific instance of a database. Clients connected to a database instance by specifying the SID in the connect descriptor. This naming scheme did not distinguish services from instances.

In Oracle8i, a new naming scheme has been implemented. Because an Oracle database can span multiple computers, both the service as a whole and each of its instances are specified.

A database service is now identified by its service name with the SERVICE_NAMES parameter in the initialization parameter file. SERVICE_NAMES specifies the name of the highest-level view of Oracle database service, which can span instances and nodes. SERVICE_NAMES is defaulted to the global database name, a name comprised of the database name (DB_NAME) and domain name (DB_DOMAIN).

What is oracle sid in windows

Describes Oracle Database for Windows registry parameters for the following keys.

Other products, such as Oracle Enterprise Manager, have additional keys and parameters that are not described.

  • About HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\KEY_HOMENAME
    Each time you install Oracle products into a new Oracle home on your computer, HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\KEY_ HOMENAME is created.
  • About HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE
    This subkey contains the following parameter:
  • About HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services
    HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet contains the following keys:

About HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\KEY_HOMENAME

Each time you install Oracle products into a new Oracle home on your computer, HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\KEY_ HOMENAME is created.

This subkey contains parameter values for most Oracle products.

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\KEY_ HOMENAME includes the following parameters for an Oracle home directory. Depending on products you install, additional parameters can also be created. See your Windows development manuals.

  • MSHELP_TOOLS
    Specifies the location of Windows help files.
  • NLS_LANG and Other Globalization Parameters
    Specifies supported language, territory, and character set.
  • ORA_CWD
    Specifies current working directory.
  • ORA_SID_AUTOSTART
    Starts Oracle Database when OracleService SID service is started.
  • ORA_SID_PFILE
    Specifies full path to initialization parameter file.
  • ORA_SID_SHUTDOWN
    When set to true , the default value, this parameter shuts down the instance of Oracle Database identified by SID when OracleService SID is stopped manually—using either the Control Panel or Net stop command.
  • ORA_SID_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT
    Sets maximum time (in seconds) to wait for shutdown to complete before the service for a particular SID stops.
  • ORA_SID_SHUTDOWNTYPE
    Specifies mode in which Oracle Database is shut down when you stop OracleService SID .
  • ORA_TZFILE
    Specifies the location of time zone file.
  • ORACLE_AFFINITY
    Enables the scheduling of class threads on more than one processor group for systems with more than 64 CPUs.
  • ORACLE_BASE
    Specifies the top-level Oracle directory (for example, C:\app\username\product\12.2.0 ) that contains ORACLE_HOME , admin , and oradata .
  • ORACLE_GROUP_NAME
    Specifies the name of the group containing icons of the Oracle products installed.
  • ORACLE_HOME
    Specifies Oracle home directory in which Oracle products are installed.
  • ORACLE_HOME_KEY
    The HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE location of Oracle parameters.
  • ORACLE_HOME_USER
    A string type entry that holds the Oracle Home User value.
  • ORACLE_HOMENAME
    Specifies home name of Oracle home directory in which Oracle products are installed.
  • ORACLE_PRRITY
    Determines Windows scheduling priorities of the threads within the Oracle Database management system process.
  • ORACLE_SID
    Specifies the name of the Oracle Database instance on the host computer.
  • OSAUTH_PREFIX_DOMAIN
    Enables user authentication.
  • RDBMS_ARCHIVE
    Specifies the location of backup database files.
  • RDBMS_CONTROL
    Specifies the location of backup database control files.
  • SQLPATH
    Specifies the location of SQL scripts.

Oracle Database Installation Guide for Microsoft Windows Appendix B, «Optimal Flexible Architecture» for details on the PATH variable and registry values when you are working with multiple Oracle homes.

MSHELP_TOOLS

Specifies the location of Windows help files.

The default value is:

NLS_LANG and Other Globalization Parameters

Specifies supported language, territory, and character set.

This parameter specifies the language in which messages appear, the territory and its conventions for calculating week and day numbers, and the character set displayed. Oracle Universal Installer sets this value during installation based on the language setting of the operating system.

The default value for NLS_LANG, if not set, is AMERICAN_AMERICA.US7ASCII.

There are other globalization parameters that can be set along NLS_LANG to override some values implicitly determined by NLS_LANG. These parameters are:

The following parameters can also be set along NLS_LANG to determine globalization behavior that is independent from the value of NLS_LANG:

All globalization parameters set in the environment and Registry for a database client are ignored if NLS_LANG is not set.

Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide for more information about NLS_LANG and other globalization parameters

ORA_CWD

Specifies current working directory.

For example, if you set this parameter and then use ORADIM, a log file called oradim.log is created in this directory. This parameter must be manually set.

ORA_SID_AUTOSTART

Starts Oracle Database when OracleService SID service is started.

The default value is true.

ORA_SID_PFILE

Specifies full path to initialization parameter file.

The default value is ORACLE_BASE \admin\DB_NAME\pfile\init.ora

ORA_SID_SHUTDOWN

When set to true , the default value, this parameter shuts down the instance of Oracle Database identified by SID when OracleService SID is stopped manually—using either the Control Panel or Net stop command.

ORA_SID_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT

Sets maximum time (in seconds) to wait for shutdown to complete before the service for a particular SID stops.

The default value is 30 .

ORA_SID_SHUTDOWNTYPE

Specifies mode in which Oracle Database is shut down when you stop OracleService SID .

Valid values are a (abort), i (immediate), and n (normal). The default value is i .

ORA_TZFILE

Specifies the location of time zone file.

Each file contains:

Valid time zone names

Offset from UTC

Abbreviation for standard time

Abbreviation for daylight savings time

In previous releases, the default value for ORA _TZFILE was

Starting with Oracle Database 11 g Release 2 (11.2), the default value is

The timezone_ version_number .dat data files contain most commonly used time zones and are smaller for better database performance. The new default, timezlrg_ version_number .dat , includes time zones not defined in the smaller file.

Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide for additional details about time zone files

ORACLE_AFFINITY

Enables the scheduling of class threads on more than one processor group for systems with more than 64 CPUs.

This parameter must be manually added. Oracle recommends consulting Oracle Support Services before changing this parameter. The format is:

Where, processorgroup is an optional parameter designating Windows CPU group. On systems with 64+ logical CPUs, Windows divides all available CPUs into 4 groups (0,1,2,3) with each group containing no more than 64 logical CPUs. By default, a process utilizes single processor group. The processorgroup parameter enables Oracle to use more than 64 logical CPUs. Refer to the specific hardware configuration to determine the valid processor groups.

You should not use the ORACLE_AFFINITY parameter with multiple processor groups on a system with fewer than 64 logical cores. On production servers any system with fewer than 64 logical CPUs can have only one processor group.

Each name n setting must be the name of a background thread, USER for non-background (shadow) threads, or DEF for any thread type not handled specifically. Valid background thread names include DBW0 , LGWR , PMON , SMON , ARCH , RECO , CKPT , TRWR , J000 through J999 , P000 through P481 , and any other name found in the NAME column of the v$bgprocess data dictionary view.

The cpumask sets the affinity mask of the Oracle Database process. Each affinity setting must be a valid affinity mask or its numeric equivalent for the corresponding thread name. Process affinity masks are used only when Oracle Services are first started. Each thread’s affinity is set only when the individual thread is started (for example, at database startup time for the background threads).

Few examples, to use multiple processor groups in a system with 160 logical CPUs, ORACLE_AFFINITY registry key in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\KEY_HOMENAME may be defined as follows:

The following examples show how set the ORACLE_AFFINITY registry key in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\KEY_HOMENAME to use multiple processor groups in a system with 160 logical CPUs. In the following examples, it is assumed that: USER , DEF are thread class names; 0,1,2,3 are valid CPU groups in the system; and 4294967295 is a valid affinity mask in the corresponding CPU group.

Affinitize USER (foreground) threads to all CPUs in processorgroup1 or to all CPUs in processorgroup2 or to all CPUs in processorgroup3 while alternating between the processor groups for each new foreground thread. Also, affinitize DEF class threads to CPUs 0-31 in processorgroup0 .

Affinitize USER class threads either to CPUs 0-19 in processorgroup0 or to CPUs 16-31 in processorgroup2 . Also, affinitize DEF class threads to CPUs 0-19 in processorgroup1 .

Affinitize USER class threads to all the CPUs of all processor groups while alternating between the processor groups for each new foreground thread. Also, affinitize DEF class threads to CPUs 0-31 in all the processor groups while alternating between the processor groups for each new DEF class thread.

Affinitize USER class threads to CPUs 0-31 in processorgroup0 , CPUs 0-19 in processorgroup1 and CPUs 0-19 in processorgroup2 while alternating between the processor groups for each new foreground thread.

Using ORACLE_SID in Windows

Oracle Database Tips by Donald BurlesonJanuary 1, 2015

Just like how ORACLE_SID works on UNIX/Linux, the ORACLE_SID identifies the name of a specific database instance and tells the Operating System which Oracle Instance to apply your commands. ORACLE_SID is stored in the registry.

However, any time a database needs to be accessed via the command prompt or with a script, then ORACLE_SID needs to be set. The command line syntax is simply:

Note that there are no spaces around the equal sign.

In Windows, the LOCAL command can also be used to define the ORACLE_SID.

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