Адресная книга Windows — Windows Address Book

Адресная книга Windows была компонентом Microsoft Windows , позволяющим пользователям вести единый список контактов, который может использоваться несколькими программами. Чаще всего он используется в Outlook Express . Он был представлен в Internet Explorer 3 в 1996 году и улучшен в последующих версиях. Адресной книги Windows API может запросить LDAP — серверов или чтения / записи данных на локальный .wab файл. В Windows Vista , Windows Address Book была заменена Windows Contacts .

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

Обзор

Адресная книга Windows — это приложение, которое имеет локальную базу данных и пользовательский интерфейс для поиска и редактирования информации о людях, что позволяет запрашивать серверы сетевых каталогов с помощью облегченного протокола доступа к каталогам . Другие приложения также могут использовать WAB. Microsoft Office Outlook использует собственное хранилище PST для сообщений электронной почты. Однако он может импортировать контакты из формата .WAB . Microsoft Exchange / Windows Messaging использует файл .PAB для личной адресной книги .

Функции

• Может хранить исчерпывающую контактную информацию на вкладках, включая личную и деловую информацию
• Интегрируется с Outlook Express.
• Программируемый API для работы с другими приложениями. Приложения также могут расширять функциональные возможности, например добавлять дополнительные вкладки и поля для хранения дополнительной настраиваемой информации или настраивать панель инструментов.
• Может хранить контакты внутри групп контактов и папок.
• Может выборочно отправлять электронную почту контактам только в виде обычного текста для дополнительной безопасности.
• Может экспортировать и импортировать карты в форматы vCard 2.1 и CSV и обратно . Также можно импортировать из LDIF и других форматов.
• Ищите записи в базе данных контактов, упорядочивайте контакты по имени или фамилии.
• Автоматически добавлять контакты из полученного письма.
• Печатает списки контактов в виде заметок , визиток или списков телефонов .

Риск безопасности

В мае 2000 года вирус ILOVEYOU показал, как адресная книга Windows может быть частью эксплойта для распространения вредоносного программного обеспечения путем доступа и отправки электронной почты контактам пользователя. С тех пор этот подход был принят многими коммерческими спамерами .

Интеграция с Outlook

Одной из недокументированных функций адресной книги Windows является интеграция с Microsoft Office Outlook . Значение реестра должно быть установлено в следующем разделе реестра:

Примечание. Перед внесением изменений пользователи должны создать резервную копию реестра.

Можно создать DWORD значение с именем «UseOutlook» (если его еще нет) со значением 1. После установки этого значения контакты Outlook будут доступны для адресной книги Windows. Эта функция работает только до Windows XP и Outlook 2003. Контакты Windows, представленные в Windows Vista , не поддерживают совместное использование контактов с Outlook. Вышеупомянутый метод работает с любой версией Outlook до Outlook 2003, несмотря на то, что более новые версии не включают его в качестве настраиваемой опции в пользовательском интерфейсе.

About Windows Address Book

New applications should not use this set of interfaces. These interfaces exist for backward compatibility with legacy applications. These interfaces will be unavailable in the future.

In WindowsВ Vista, Windows Contacts replaces Windows Address Book (WAB). For more information about this new mechanism for storing and retrieving contact information, see Windows Contacts.

Windows provides an address book for storing contact information. The WAB is an application and service that enables users to keep track of people. The WAB has a local database and user interface for finding and editing information about people, and it can query network directory servers using Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP). Other applications can use the WAB. For example, Microsoft Outlook uses the WAB as its e-mail address book.

The following topics are discussed in this document.

WAB Application

The Wab.exe program is included with WindowsВ 98 and later. This address book application enables you to:

• Create contact entries.
• Store contact information locally.
• Search for entries in your contact database.
• Edit your contact information.
• Add contacts from e-mail messages. When you receive e-mail you can add the sender’s contact information.
• Import contacts from other programs.

When you invoke Wab.exe, it creates and searches the file named Username.wab which is found in the Application Data directory. For specific information on using the Wab.exe program, see the Knowledge Base Article Q164531 and the Electronic Mail section of the WindowsВ 98 Resource Kit.

Using the WAB API

The WAB provides an API that enables other applications to directly use its database and user interface services; therefore, you can write programs that include address books. The WABВ API is based on MAPI, but the WAB does not use or require MAPI. The WAB interfaces support many of the methods used by MAPI, and because they inherit from IUnknown, they have the standard AddRef, Release, and QueryInterface methods. The WAB also has functions that provide access to the object interfaces.

Registering Your Application to Use WAB

If you want to use the WAB, you must register your application to use the Wab32.dll as a shared DLL. Registering Wab32.dll as a shared DLL prevents it from being inadvertently uninstalled while your application is running. To accomplish the registration, you must increment the reference count of the Wab32.dll in the SharedDLLs section of the registry.

The steps to increment the reference count are:

Find the path to the WABВ DLL.

Look in the registry under:

The default value under this key gives the path of any WABВ DLL installed on the computer.

This DLL path is defined in Wabapi.h as WAB_DLL_PATH_KEY.

If you include Wabapi.h in your application, use WAB_DLL_PATH_KEY as the name of the key to open.

Look in the registry under:

Increment the reference count by one and save the incremented value back to the registry.

WABВ DLL path key not found.

• If the value does not exist, create the value using the Registry API. The value is a DWORD representing the number of clients registered to use the WAB.
• Increment the reference count by one and save the incremented value back to the registry.

Loading the WAB32.dll

With Microsoft Internet ExplorerВ 4.0 or later, Wab32.dll is set in the registry at

Load the DLL at run time only if the key is not in the registry, if the path set in the key is invalid, or if you are using a version of Windows Internet Explorer earlier than Internet ExplorerВ 4.0.

If you need to load the DLL, call LoadLibrary.

Creating an Instance of WAB

To use WAB in your application, you must create and initialize the first instance of IWABObject. The following code sample demonstrates how to do this.

Procedures for offline address books in Exchange Server

An offline address book (OAB) in Exchange Server allows Outlook users in cached Exchange mode to access address list and global address list information while they’re disconnected from the server. For more information, see Offline address books in Exchange Server.

Here’s a list of OAB procedures that are covered in this topic:

Use the Exchange Management Shell to modify offline address books:

What do you need to know before you begin?

Estimated time to complete each procedure: 5 minutes

You need to be assigned permissions before you can perform this procedure or procedures. To see what permissions you need, see the «Offline address books» entry in the Email address and address book permissions topic.

You can’t do most of these procedures in the Exchange admin center (EAC). You need to use the Exchange Management Shell. To learn how to open the Exchange Management Shell in your on-premises Exchange organization, see Open the Exchange Management Shell. For more information about the EAC, see Exchange admin center in Exchange Server.

For information about keyboard shortcuts that may apply to the procedures in this topic, see Keyboard shortcuts in the Exchange admin center.

Having problems? Ask for help in the Exchange forums. Visit the forums at: Exchange Server, Exchange Online, or Exchange Online Protection.

Use the Exchange Management Shell to view offline address books

To view OABs, use the following syntax:

This example returns a summary list of all OABs in your organization.

This example returns detailed information about the OAB named Default Offline Address Book.

This example returns values for the specified properties on all OABs in your organization.

For detailed syntax and parameter information, see Get-OfflineAddressBook.

Use the Exchange Management Shell to create offline address books

If you’ve created multiple address lists, you can use OABs to make the address lists available to users when they’re offline.

To create new offline address books, use the following syntax:

This example creates a new OAB named Contoso Executives OAB with the following properties:

The Default Global Address List and Contoso Executives Address List are included in the OAB.

All OAB virtual directories in the organization can accept requests to download the OAB.

The organization mailbox that’s responsible for generating the OAB is SystemMailbox (we didn’t use the GeneratingMailbox parameter to specify a different organization mailbox).

The OAB isn’t used by mailboxes and mailbox databases that don’t have an OAB specified (we didn’t use the IsDefault parameter with the value $true ).

Shadow distribution for the OAB is disabled (read-only copies of the OAB aren’t copied to all other organization mailboxes, because we didn’t use the ShadowMailboxDistributionEnabled parameter with the value $true ).

For detailed syntax and parameter information, see New-OfflineAddressBook.

How do you know this worked?

To verify that you’ve successfully created the OAB, run the following command to verify the property values:

Use the Exchange Management Shell to modify offline address books

To modify OABs, use the following syntax:

For detailed syntax and parameter information, see Set-OfflineAddressBook.

Use the Exchange Management Shell to configure the default offline address book

By default, the automatically-created OAB named Default Offline Address Book is the default OAB. The default OAB is used by:

Mailboxes in mailbox databases where the database has no OAB assigned (by default, all databases)

Mailboxes without an address book policy (ABP) assigned, or where the assigned ABP policy has no OAB defined (by default, there are no ABPs).

Mailboxes without an OAB assigned (by default, all mailboxes)

This example configures the OAB named Contoso Executives OAB to be the default OAB.

Use the Exchange Management Shell to add and remove address lists from offline address books

When you modify the address lists that are configured in an OAB, the values that you specify will replace any address lists in the OAB. To add address lists to the OAB, specify the current address lists plus the ones you want to add. To remove address lists from the OAB, specify the current address lists minus the ones you want to remove.

In this example, the OAB named Marketing OAB is already configured with Address List 1 and Address List 2. To keeps those address lists and add Address List 3, run the following command:

Similarly, to keep the OAB configured with Address List 1 and Address 2, but remove Address List 3, run the following command:

Use the Exchange Management Shell to change the organization mailbox that’s responsible for generating an offline address book

Typically, you only need to configure multiple organization mailboxes if you have Exchange servers in different Active Directory sites. You can configure multiple OABs to use the same organization mailbox, but you can’t configure an OAB to use more than one organization mailbox. If you need multiple copies of the OAB in different locations, enable shadow distribution for the OAB. For more information, see the Use the Exchange Management Shell to enable shadow distribution for offline address books section in this topic.

This example changes the organization mailbox that’s responsible for generating the OAB named Default Offline Address Book.

Note: To configure an arbitration mailbox that you can use as an organization mailbox, see the Use the Exchange Management Shell to create organization mailboxes section in this topic.

Use the Exchange Management Shell to configure any virtual directory in the organization to accept download requests for the OAB

The Client Access (frontend) services on any Mailbox server can proxy the OAB download request to the correct location. The OAB files are downloaded from the backend location %ExchangeInstallPath%ClientAccess\OAB\ on the Mailbox server that holds the active copy of the OAB’s designated organization mailbox (or from the server that holds a shadow copy of the OAB).

This example modifies the OAB named Default Offline Address Book to allow any virtual directory in the organization to accept requests to download the OAB.

Run the following command:

Run the following command:

Use the Exchange Management Shell to enable shadow distribution for offline address books

Before you enable shadow distribution to distribute a read-only copy of the OAB to organization mailboxes in different Active Directory sites, verify that an organization mailbox exists in each site. To create organization mailboxes, see the Use the Exchange Management Shell to create organization mailboxes section in this topic.

This example enables shadow distribution for the OAB named Contoso Executives OAB.

How do you know this worked?

To verify that you’ve successfully modified the OAB, run the following command to verify the property values:

Use the Exchange Management Shell to update offline address books

Changes in an OAB aren’t available to users until the scheduled OAB generation (by default, every 8 hours). If you don’t want to wait, you can use the procedures in this topic to immediately update an OAB.

To update an OAB, use the following syntax:

This example updates the OAB named Default Offline Address Book.

This example updates all OABs.

For detailed syntax and parameter information, see Update-OfflineAddressBook.

Use the Exchange Management Shell to remove offline address books

To remove OABs, use the following syntax:

This example removes the OAB named Contoso Executives OAB.

Note: If the removed OAB is the default OAB, you need to create or configure another OAB as the default (the IsDefault parameter value is $true ).

How do you know this worked?

To verify that you’ve successfully removed the OAB, run the following command to verify that the OAB is gone.

Use the Exchange Management Shell to find organization mailboxes

Only organization mailboxes can generate OABs. An organization mailbox is an arbitration mailbox that has the OrganizationCapabilityOABGen value in the PersistedCapability property. To find the organization mailboxes in your organization, run the following command:

To find the organization mailbox that’s used to generate an OAB, run the following command:

Use the Exchange Management Shell to create organization mailboxes

Typically, you only need to create multiple arbitration mailboxes in multi-site Exchange organizations. You can have an organization mailbox in each site, and you can configure shadow distribution for an OAB (so a read only copy of the OAB is stored in all organization mailboxes). For more information, see Use the Exchange Management Shell to enable shadow distribution for offline address books.

You need to be assigned permissions before you can perform this procedure or procedures. To see what permissions you need, see the «Recipient Provisioning Permissions» section in the Recipients Permissions topic.

Create an arbitration mailbox by using the following syntax:

This example creates a new arbitration mailbox named OAB Gen 2, with the UPN (account name) oabgen2@contoso.com, in the default database.

Turn the arbitration mailbox into an organization mailbox by using the following syntax:

This example turns the OAB Gen 2 arbitration mailbox into an organization mailbox.

To activate the OAB generation capabilities of the new organization mailbox, run Update-OfflineAddressBook for any OAB in the organization. For example:

How do you know this worked?

To verify that you’ve successfully created an organization mailbox, run the following command and verify the mailbox is returned:

Assign offline address books to mailbox databases

When you assign an OAB to a mailbox database, all mailboxes in the databases will use that OAB instead of the default OAB, unless the mailbox has an OAB assigned. By default, no OAB is assigned to a mailbox database.

You need to be assigned permissions before you can perform this procedure or procedures. To see what permissions you need, see the «Mailbox databases» entry in the Recipients Permissions topic.

Use the EAC to assign an offline address book to a mailbox database

Open the EAC, and go to Servers > Databases. Select the database from the list, and then click Edit ( ).

Databases, select the database, and click Edit» data-linktype=»relative-path»>

The Mailbox Database window opens. Click the Client settings tab, and then click Browse next to Offline address book.

In the Select Offline Address Book window that opens, select the OAB from the list, and click OK.

Back in the Mailbox Database window, click Save.

Use the Exchange Management Shell to assign an offline address book to a mailbox database

Use the following syntax:

This example assigns the OAB named Contoso Executives OAB to the mailbox database named MBX DB02.

How do you know this worked?

To verify that you’ve successfully assigned an OAB to a mailbox database, use either of the following procedures:

In the EAC, go to Servers > Databases. Select the database from the list, and then click Edit ( ). In the Mailbox database window opens, click the Client settings tab, and verify that the OAB is listed in Offline address book.

In the Exchange Management Shell, run the following command:

Use the Exchange Management Shell to assign offline address books to mailboxes

When you assign an OAB to a mailbox, the default OAB and the OAB that’s assigned to the mailbox database (if any) aren’t used by the mailbox. By default, no OAB is assigned to a mailbox.

Note: If the mailbox has an address book policy (ABP) assigned, and the ABP has an OAB defined, the OAB that’s directly assigned to the mailbox will take precedence over the ABP. For more information ABPs, see Address book policies in Exchange Server.

You need to be assigned permissions before you can perform this procedure or procedures. To see what permissions you need, see the «Recipient Provisioning Permissions» section in the Recipients Permissions topic.

To assign an OAB to a mailbox, use the following syntax:

This example assigns the OAB named Contoso Executives to the mailbox laura@contoso.com.

This example assigns the OAB named Contoso US to a filtered list of mailboxes.

How do you know this worked?

To verify that you’ve successfully assigned an OAB to a mailbox, replace with the identity of the mailbox, and run the following command: