[!Note]
Even though members of the Administrators group can write to this location, third-party gadgets should never be installed here. Only gadgets that are written to this location by TrustedInstaller are recognized as Windows gadgets; all other gadgets are considered User gadgets.

Gadget Manifest

The gadget manifest is an XML file that contains general configuration and presentation information for a gadget. This information is displayed in the Gadgets Gallery as gadget and developer details, along with functional or informational icons. Each gadget package must include a manifest.

Support for HighDPI

The following is a sample manifest with the node set to true.

Scripting Element and Other API Changes

This section describes changes to the core set of scripting elements and APIs for the Gadget Platform.

Programmatic Installation

IDesktopGadget is a new Windows Shell interface. It exposes the RunGadget method, which allows the programmatic addition of an installed gadget to the Windows 7 desktop.

The gadget must be installed before calling this method for the method to return successfully.

This method can be called during the installation of an application that includes a supporting gadget as part of the installation package, for example, installing a calendar application that includes a gadget that displays upcoming appointments.

Applications should not call RunGadget without asking the user for permission. If the permission choice is a check box, that check box should be unchecked, by default.

This RunGadget method cannot be used to add a gadget that is already running. If an instance of the gadget at the supplied path is already running, this method returns SCHED_E_ALREADY_RUNNING.

The RunGadget method can be used to add Shared gadgets or Windows gadgets. The following table describes the installation locations for gadgets added by using the RunGadget method, and permissions for those locations.

If GadgetPath resolves to a gadget that is not a Shared gadget or a Windows gadget, E_ACCESSDENIED is returned.

System.Gadget.onDock and System.Gadget.onUndock Events

In Windows Vista Sidebar gadgets, you could link onDock and onUndock events to event handlers, so that a visual transition effect was automatically used when the gadget was docked to or undocked from the Sidebar.

An example of the visual transition that is defined in the dock and undock event handlers is shown in the following screen shot.

Because there is no Sidebar associated with the Gadget Platform in Windows 7, there are no dock and undock events. However, to maintain backward compatibility, the same code can be used for a similar effect. First, define a dock or undock event handler. When the mouse pointer hovers over the gadget or the gadget receives focus, an additional icon is displayed. Click this icon to raise the dock event (Smaller size) or undock event (Larger size). The gadget performs the visual transition, as shown in the following screen shots.

The following code example demonstrates how the same code works to connect the dock and undock event handlers for the Sidebar and the Gadget Platform.

System.Gadget.beginTransition and System.Gadget.endTransition methods

For Windows 7, the default transition behavior for the onDock and onUndock events is a smooth resizing, or morphing, from one visual state to the other.

Since no other options exist for the transition behavior in the Gadget Platform, calls to the System.Gadget.beginTransition and System.Gadget.endTransition methods are ignored.

System.Shell.knownFolderPath method

For Windows 7, this method can accept a KNOWNFOLDERID GUID.

Windows Sidebar

For further information on developing gadgets for the Windows Gadget platform, see the documentation for Windows Sidebar.

Developing a Gadget for Windows Sidebar Part 1: The Basics

[ The Windows Gadget Platform/Sidebar is available for use in the following versions of Windows: WindowsВ 7, WindowsВ Vista, and Windows ServerВ 2008. It may be altered or unavailable in subsequent versions. ]

The first of three overviews that describe how to create a basic gadget for the Windows Sidebar. In this overview, we demonstrate a simple «Hello World» gadget and the steps required to install and display it in the Sidebar.

Introduction

Gadgets are lightweight HTML and script-based applications that provide the abillity to derive and present information or functionality from a variety of sources, such as local applications and controls, or websites and services. Developers with experience authoring webpages will find the process of creating a gadget very familiar.

The Files

A basic gadget consists of two files:

1. Gadget.xml — The manifest, an XML file that contains general configuration and presentation information for the gadget.
2. name.html — An HTML file, where name is specified in the tag of the associated gadget manifest, that provides the shell for the gadget UI and contains the core functionality for the gadget.

It is highly recommended that all gadget HTML and script files be saved with UTF-8 character encoding.

The following steps can be taken to ensure the encoding of these files:

1. Open the file in Notepad.
2. On the File menu, click Save as.
3. In the Save as dialog box, confirm that the value in the Encoding drop-down is UTF-8.

If the value in the Encoding drop-down is not UTF-8:

1. In the Encoding drop-down, select UTF-8.
2. Click Save to overwrite the existing file.

Repeat this process for all gadget HTML and script files.

A more robust gadget implementation may require other files not detailed here. For the purposes of this overview, however, the discussion is limited to these two core files.

The Steps

In general, the steps for creating a gadget are:

Create a development folder to contain the gadget files.

It is generally good practice to give the development folder the same name as the gadget it hosts, with the added extension of .gadget. For example, if your gadget’s name is «Test» then the development folder should be named «Test.gadget». This reduces naming confusion later when it comes time to install the gadget. However, the development folder can have any name you wish.

Similarly, the development folder can be located anywhere. However, during development and testing it is typically more efficient to place the folder in one of the system folders associated with the Sidebar:

• %USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows Sidebar\Gadgets (for user gadgets)
• %SYSTEM_ROOT%\Program Files\Windows Sidebar\Gadgets (for global gadgets)

The following image shows a gadget development folder in the %USER_DATA%\Local\Microsoft\Windows Sidebar\Gadgets folder.

These practices ensure the gadget appears in the gadget picker with minimal subsequent file handling.

Create the manifest file and save it to the development folder. For more information on the gadget manifest, see Gadgets for Windows Sidebar Manifest.

Create the core .html file and save it to the development folder.

Install the gadget, if necessary.

Depending on where you created your development folder, you may need to copy the folder or its content to one of the two previously identified Sidebar system folders. Alternatively, you may want to package the gadget for general distribution and test the gadget installation process. For more information on installing and updating a gadget, see Gadgets for Windows Sidebar Updating and Refreshing.

Test the gadget and make revisions as necessary.

The Example

The following is a step-by-step example for creating a simple «Hello World» gadget.

To open the Sidebar, click the Start button, point to All Programs, then to Accessories, and then click Windows Sidebar. You can also click the Start button, click Run. , and then type «sidebar» in the Open text field and press ENTER.

Locate and open your gadgets folder. Click the Start button, and then click Run. . In the Open text box, type:

In your Gadgets folder, create a new folder named HelloWorld.gadget.

Copy and paste the following code into Notepad or a similar editor that allows you to create an HTML file. Name the file HelloWorld.html, and save it in your HelloWorld.gadget folder.

[!Important]
If font information is specified for the gadget UI in HTML or Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), the font size must be included and it must be an absolute measure in pixels.

Create a new folder called images under the HelloWorld.gadget folder.

Create a new background image at least 130 pixels wide and 75 pixels high and save it to the images folder.

Create the gadget manifest by copying and pasting the following code into a new file. Save this file with the file name gadget.xml and UTF-8 encoding.

Click the «+» symbol at the top of the Sidebar to display the Gadget Gallery.

In the Gadget Gallery, the «SDK Hello World» gadget should be visible.

To install the gadget in the Sidebar, double-click the icon for the «SDK Hello World» gadget or drag and drop it to the Sidebar.

Unlike a standard Windows icon, a gadget icon is nothing more than a Web-based image file (.gif, .jpg, or .png). The image can be created using Microsoft Paint or similar image editing tool. If a custom icon isn’t specified in the manifiest, Sidebar provides a generic icon for the gadget.

When creating custom icons, it is recommended that they be 64 pixels wide by 64 pixels high. The gadget picker reserves a space of that size and resizes the icon accordingly.

For Further Reference

To read posts from the Sidebar team, including gadget authoring tips, links to gadget information, and news about the platform, see the Gadget Corner blog.

To participate in developer community discussions on writing gadgets for the Sidebar, see the Sidebar Gadget Development forum.

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