Update drivers in Windows 10

Before you begin

Driver updates for Windows 10, along with many devices, such as network adapters, monitors, printers, and video cards, are automatically downloaded and installed through Windows Update. You probably already have the most recent drivers, but if you’d like to manually update or reinstall a driver, here’s how:

Update the device driver

In the search box on the taskbar, enter device manager, then select Device Manager.

Select a category to see names of devices, then right-click (or press and hold) the one you’d like to update.

Select Search automatically for updated driver software.

Select Update Driver.

If Windows doesn’t find a new driver, you can try looking for one on the device manufacturer’s website and follow their instructions.

Reinstall the device driver

In the search box on the taskbar, enter device manager, then select Device Manager.

Right-click (or press and hold) the name of the device, and select Uninstall.

Restart your PC.

Windows will attempt to reinstall the driver.

More help

If you can’t see the desktop and instead see a blue, black, or blank screen, see Troubleshoot blue screen errors or Troubleshoot black or blank screen errors.

Automatically get recommended drivers and updates for your hardware

Support for Windows 7 ended on January 14, 2020

We recommend you move to a Windows 10 PC to continue to receive security updates from Microsoft.

You can have Windows automatically download recommended drivers and detailed information for your hardware and devices. This is a good way to make sure all your hardware and devices work properly.

Drivers and information

Windows can find and download two kinds of updates for devices connected to your computer:

Drivers. A driver is software that allows your computer to communicate with hardware devices. Without drivers, the devices you connect to your computer—for example, a mouse or external hard drive—won’t work properly. Windows can automatically check if there are drivers available for new devices that you connect to your computer.

For hardware that you’ve connected to your computer in the past, updated drivers might become available at a later date; but those drivers aren’t installed automatically. To install these optional updates, go to Windows Update in Control Panel, check for updates, and then view and install driver updates that are available for your computer.

Information. Windows can download high-resolution icons for many hardware devices that you connect to your computer, along with detailed information about them, such as product name, manufacturer, and model number—even detailed information about the sync capabilities of a device. These details can make it easier for you to distinguish between similar devices that are connected to your computer, such as different mobile phones.

You can check Windows Update at any time to see if it found new drivers and icons for your hardware, especially if you recently installed a new device. If you want to have Windows Update automatically check for the latest drivers and icons, here’s how:

Open Devices and Printers by clicking the Start button , and then, on the Start menu, clicking Devices and Printers.

Right-click the name of your computer, and then click Device installation settings.

Click Yes, do this automatically (recommended), and then click Save changes. If you’re prompted for an administrator password or confirmation, type the password or provide confirmation.

If Yes is already selected, click Cancel to close the dialog box.

To get all important and recommended updates for your computer and your devices, make sure that Windows Update is turned on and configured properly.

Even if you have Windows Update set to automatically download and install all important and recommended updates, you still might not be getting all of the updated drivers available for your devices. For instance, optional updates might include updated drivers that become available for hardware or devices you’ve already installed. Windows doesn’t automatically download and install optional updates, but you will be notified when optional updates are available.

To get all the available updates for your devices, periodically check Windows Update for all available updates, including optional updates. You can review the available updates and then select them from the list of updates that Windows finds for your computer. Here’s how to do this:

Open Windows Update by clicking the Start button . In the search box, type Update, and then, in the list of results, click Windows Update.

In the left pane, click Check for updates, and then wait while Windows looks for the latest updates for your computer.

If there are any available updates, click the link in the box under Windows Update to see more information about each update. Each type of update might include drivers.

On the Select the updates you want to install page, look for updates for your hardware devices, select the check box for each driver that you want to install, and then click OK. There might not be any driver updates available.

On the Windows Update page, click Install updates. If you’re prompted for an administrator password or confirmation, type the password or provide confirmation.

Windows Update tells you if an update is important, recommended, or optional.

Some updates require you to restart your computer.

Windows Update will tell you if the updates were successfully installed.

Hardware drivers category page Microsoft Download Center

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Understanding Windows Update rules for driver distribution

This article describes how you can control when Windows Update distributes your driver.

When submitting a driver to Windows Update, the Driver Delivery Options section presents two radio buttons: Automatic and Manual

Under the Automatic option there are two checkboxes: Automatically delivered during Windows Upgrades and Automatically delivered to all applicable systems. Automatic is the default setting for all new shipping labels.

When the first checkbox is selected, the driver is classified as a Dynamic Update (a term that applies to upgrade scenarios). Windows automatically preloads drivers in this category when upgrading the OS.

When the second checkbox is selected, the driver is downloaded and installed automatically on all applicable systems once it is released. All Automatic drivers must first have been evaluated by Microsoft through Driver Flighting.

For more info about the Manual option, see Publish a driver to Windows Update.

User plugs in a device

When a device is connected to a Windows system:

Plug and Play (PnP) looks for a compatible driver already available on the computer. If one exists, Windows installs it on the device. Then, during the next daily scan of Windows Update, Windows searches for a more up-to-date version of the driver. This can take up to 24 hours from when the device is plugged in.

If there is no compatible driver on the computer, Windows searches Windows Update for the highest-ranking Automatic driver.

When searching Windows Update:

In Windows 10, version 1909 and earlier, if no Automatic driver is available for the device, Windows proceeds to the highest-ranking Manual driver.

Starting in Windows 10, version 2004, Windows does not search for a Manual driver when an Automatic driver is not available. For info on how to access Manual drivers, see the Windows Update section of this page.

Device Manager

In Device Manager, when a user selects Update driver:

• In Windows 10, version 1909 and earlier, Windows installs the highest-ranking driver from Windows Update, regardless of whether it is classified as Automatic or Manual.
• Starting in Windows 10 version 2004, Windows only searches the local computer.

When it fails to find a driver, Device Manager shows a button labeled Search for updated drivers on Windows Update, which opens the Settings app to the Windows Update page. To find this button, right-click a device and select Properties. On the Driver tab, select Update Driver and then Search automatically for drivers.

• Starting in Windows 10, version 2004, click Search for updated drivers on Windows Update and then select View optional updates->Driver updates to download Manual drivers.
• In earlier versions of Windows, Device Manager downloads Manual drivers on its own.

Windows Update

During a Windows Update scan (scheduled or user-initiated):

In Windows 10, version 1909 and earlier, Windows Update automatically distributes Manual drivers in either of the following scenarios:

• A device has no applicable drivers available in the Driver Store (raising a «driver not found» error), and there is no applicable Automatic driver
• A device has only a generic driver in the Driver Store, which provides only basic device functionality, and there is no applicable Automatic driver

Starting in Windows 10, version 2004, Windows Update distributes only Automatic drivers for a system’s devices. When Manual drivers are available for devices on the computer, the Windows Update page in the Settings app displays View optional updates .

Summary

The following table summarizes the information above. Windows Update is abbreviated WU.

Updating Driver Files

Drivers are updated whenever one of the following occurs:

The Hardware Update Wizard is run from Device Manager.

NoteВ В Starting with Windows Vista, this wizard is now named the Update Driver Software Wizard.

Windows Update is run.

Installation software for a device is run.

Starting with Windows Vista, you can run the PnPUtil tool from an elevated command prompt to install or update the driver package for the device.

Use the following guidelines when you write installation software and INF files that update existing drivers.

Installation software can call UpdateDriverForPlugAndPlayDevices, supplying an INF file and a hardware ID, to update drivers for devices that match the hardware ID.

Starting with Windows Vista, installation software can also call one of the following to update drivers:

• DiInstallDriver, which pre-installs a driver and then installs the driver on devices present in the system that the driver supports.
• DiInstallDevice, which installs a specified driver from the driver store on a specified device that is present in the system.

When upgrading a driver, class installers and co-installers should not supply finish-install pages in response to DIF_NEWDEVICEWIZARD_FINISHINSTALL unless absolutely necessary. If possible, obtain finish-install information from the settings of the previous installation.

To the extent possible, class installers and co-installers should avoid basing behavior on whether they are providing an initial installation or are updating drivers for an already-installed device.

Starting with Windows XP, the registry values CoInstallers32 and EnumPropPages32 are deleted before the delivery of DIF_REGISTER_COINSTALLERS. INF files for earlier operating system versions must explicitly either delete these values or perform a nonappending modify operation on them.

Starting with Windows XP, the registry values UpperFilters and LowerFilters are deleted before the delivery of DIF_INSTALLDEVICE. INF files for earlier operating system versions must explicitly either delete these values or perform a nonappending modify operation on them.

Do not use INF DelFiles directives or INF RenFiles directives when updating drivers. Windows cannot guarantee that a particular file is not being used by another device. (Class installers and co-installers can delete or rename files, if they can reliably determine that no devices are using the files.)

Use the INF DelReg directive to remove old device-specific registry entries from a previous installation of the device, if the entries are no longer needed. (Do not remove global registry entries.)

Do not use the INF DelService directive in an INF DDInstall.Services section to remove previously installed device/driver services from the target computer. Windows cannot guarantee that a particular service is not being used by another device. (Class installers and co-installers can delete services, if they can reliably determine that no devices are using the services.)

When updating a class installer, class co-installer, or service DLL, you must give the new version a new file name.