Подключение к источнику данных (драйвер ODBC для Oracle) Connecting to a Data Source (ODBC Driver for Oracle)

Эта функция будет удалена в следующей версии Windows. This feature will be removed in a future version of Windows. Избегайте использования этого компонента в новых разработках и запланируйте изменение существующих приложений, в которых он применяется. Avoid using this feature in new development work, and plan to modify applications that currently use this feature. Вместо этого используйте драйвер ODBC, предоставляемый Oracle. Instead, use the ODBC driver provided by Oracle.

Приложение ODBC может передавать сведения о соединении несколькими способами. An ODBC application can pass connection information in a number of ways. Например, приложение может иметь драйвер, который всегда запрашивает у пользователя сведения о подключении. For example, the application might have the driver always prompt the user for connection information. Или приложение может ожидать строку подключения, указывающую соединение с источником данных. Or the application might expect a connection string that specifies the data source connection. Способ подключения к источнику данных зависит от метода подключения, используемого приложением ODBC. How you connect to a data source depends on the connection method used by your ODBC application.

Одним из распространенных способов подключения к источнику данных является диалоговое окно «Источник данных». One common way to connect to a data source is through the Data Source dialog box. Если приложение ODBC настроено для использования диалогового окна, откроется диалоговое окно с запросом на ввод соответствующих сведений о соединении с источником данных. If your ODBC application is set up to use a dialog box, that dialog box is displayed and prompts you for the appropriate data source connection information.

Можно также подключиться к источнику данных, используя строку подключения. You can also connect to a data source using the connection string.

Подключение к источнику данных с помощью диалогового окна To connect to a data source using a dialog box

Когда откроется диалоговое окно Источник данных, выберите источник данных Oracle и нажмите кнопку ОК. When the Data Source dialog box appears, select an Oracle data source and then click OK. Откроется диалоговое окно Подключение. The Connect dialog box appears.

Заполните соответствующие сведения в диалоговом окне Подключение и нажмите кнопку ОК. Fill in the appropriate information for the Connect dialog box, and then click OK.

После проверки сведений о подключении приложение может использовать драйвер ODBC для Oracle для доступа к информации, содержащейся в источнике данных. After the connection information is verified, your application can use the ODBC Driver for Oracle to access the information that the data source contains.

Настройка драйвера ODBC для Oracle Configuring the ODBC Driver for Oracle

Эта функция будет удалена в следующей версии Windows. This feature will be removed in a future version of Windows. Избегайте использования этого компонента в новых разработках и запланируйте изменение существующих приложений, в которых он применяется. Avoid using this feature in new development work, and plan to modify applications that currently use this feature. Вместо этого используйте драйвер ODBC, предоставляемый Oracle. Instead, use the ODBC driver provided by Oracle.

Производительностью драйвера ODBC для Oracle можно управлять, зная среду данных и правильно задавая параметры подключения к источнику данных с помощью диалогового окна Администратор источников данных ODBC или параметров строки подключения. You can control performance of the ODBC Driver for Oracle by knowing the data environment and correctly setting the parameters of the data source connection through the ODBC Data Source Administrator dialog box or through connect string parameters. Диалоговое окно предоставляет следующие элементы управления для подключения к источнику данных с помощью диалогового окна или строк подключения. The dialog box provides the following controls for connecting to a data source using the dialog box or using connect strings:

Вкладка «DSN пользователя» Перечисляет имена источников данных, которые являются локальными для компьютера. User DSN tab Lists the Data Source Names that are local to the computer.

Вкладка «Системное DSN» Позволяет добавлять или удалять системные источники данных. System DSN tab Enables you to add or remove a system data source. К системным источникам данных могут обращаться все пользователи на локальном компьютере. System data sources can be accessed by all users on the local computer.

Вкладка «Файловый DSN» Позволяет добавлять или удалять файловый источник данных с локального компьютера. File DSN tab Enables you to add or remove a file data source from the local computer. Файловые источники данных могут совместно использоваться всеми пользователями, у которых установлен один и тот же драйвер. File data sources can be shared by all users who have the same driver installed.

Вкладка «драйверы» Выводит список установленных драйверов ODBC. Drivers tab Lists the installed ODBC drivers.

Вкладка «трассировка» Позволяет указать, каким образом диспетчер драйверов ODBC отслеживает вызовы функций ODBC. Tracing tab Enables you to specify how the ODBC Driver Manager traces calls to ODBC functions. Трассировку можно настроить отдельно для каждого установленного приложения ODBC. You can configure tracing separately for each installed ODBC application.

Вкладка «пулы соединений» Позволяет выбрать параметры подключения для каждого установленного драйвера. Connection Pooling tab Enables you to select connection options for each installed driver.

Вкладка «о программе» Список установленных файлов компонентов ODBC. About tab Lists the installed ODBC component files.

После добавления источника данных можно использовать диалоговое окно Администратор источников данных ODBC для настройки доступа к источнику данных. After you add a data source, you can use the ODBC Data Source Administrator dialog box to configure the access to your data source. Выберите источник данных, а затем щелкните одну из вкладок, чтобы изменить или проверить сведения. Select a data source, and then click one of the tabs to edit or review the information.

Oracle ODBC driver for Windows

Author’s review

ODBC connector to Oracle database for Windows, Linux and Mac OS X (32/64 bit).

ODBC connector to Oracle database provides high-performance and feature-rich connectivity solution for ODBC-based applications to access Oracle databases from Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, both 32-bit and 64-bit. Full support for standard ODBC API functions and data types implemented in our driver makes interaction of your database applications with Oracle fast, easy and extremely handy.

Key Features:
— Direct Connection. Database applications based on our solution get an opportunity to establish connection to Oracle by means of native Oracle client software and in Direct Mode. Direct Mode gives your applications an unrivaled advantage — connection to Oracle databases directly via TCP/IP avoiding Oracle Client. That improves performance of your applications, their quality, reliability and especially the deployment process, since there is no need to supply additional client software together with your application.
— Development Platforms Variety. ODBC driver for Oracle doesn’t limit your choice of the development platform and environment. The driver installations are available for various operational systems and platforms. The current version supports Windows, Linux and Mac OS X, both 32-bit and 64-bit.
— DB Compatibility. ODBC driver for Oracle supports Oracle servers: 12c, 11g, 10g, 9i, 8i, 8.0, including Oracle Express Edition 11g and 10g. ODBC driver for Oracle supports both x86 and x64 versions of the following Oracle Clients: 12c, 11g, 10g, 9i, 8i, 8.0. Note that support for x64 versions of Oracle Clients is available for 64-bit Windows.
— High Performance. All our products are designed to help you write high-performance, lightweight data access layers, therefore they use advanced data access algorithms and techniques of optimization.

Windows oracle odbc driver

Describes new features for release 19c, version 19.1.0.0.0

There are no new features of the Oracle ODBC Driver release 19c, version 19.1.0.0.0 software for the Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Server 2012, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows 10, Linux X86-64 (32-bit, 64-bit), Sun Solaris SPARC64 (32-bit, 64-bit), IBM AIX 5L (32-bit, 64-bit), Sun Solaris X64 (32-bit, 64-bit), HPUX IA64 (32-bit, 64-bit), ZLinux (32-bit, 64-bit) operating systems.

ODBC Release 18c, Version 18.1.0.0.0

Describes new features for release 18c, version 18.1.0.0.0

unixODBC ODBC Driver Manager is upgraded from unixODBC–2.3.2 to unixODBC–2.3.4.

ODBC 12.2.0.1.0

Describes new features for release 12.2.0.1.0.

Support is added for long identifiers up to 128 bytes.

Support is added for time stamp with time zone and time stamp with local time zone.

This features does not require changes to the existing ODBC application where ODBC TIMESTAMP data type is used. If an existing application uses ODBC TIMESTAMP data type and the database column is TIMESTAMP , the current behavior is preserved.

For database column TIMESTAMP WITH TIMEZONE or TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIMEZONE , the time component in the ODBC TIMESTAMP_STRUCT is in the user’s session time zone. This behavior is transparent to the user’s application, requiring no change to the ODBC application.

ODBC 12.1.0.2.0

Describes new features for release 12.1.0.2.0.

Features of the Oracle ODBC Driver release 12.1.0.2.0 software for the Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Server 2012, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10, Linux X86-64 (32-bit, 64-bit), Sun Solaris SPARC64 (32-bit, 64-bit), IBM AIX 5L (32-bit, 64-bit), Sun Solaris X64 (32-bit, 64-bit), HPUX IA64 (32-bit, 64-bit), ZLinux (32-bit, 64-bit) operating systems are described as follows:

Microsoft Windows 10 platform is added.

ODBC 12.1.0.1.0

Describes new features for release 12.1.0.1.0.

Features of the Oracle ODBC Driver release 12.1.0.1.0 software for the Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 7,Windows 8, Windows Server 2012,Linux X86-64 (32-bit, 64-bit), Sun Solaris SPARC64 (32-bit, 64-bit), IBM AIX 5L (32-bit, 64-bit), Sun Solaris X64 (32-bit, 64-bit), HPUX IA64 (32-bit, 64-bit), ZLinux (32-bit, 64-bit) operating systems are described as follows:

Oracle ODBC Driver now supports 32 KB data columns with VARCHAR2 , NVARCHAR2 , and RAW data. See Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference and Oracle Database SQL Language Reference for information about creating 32 KB columns.

ODBC driver supports the migration of third-party applications to Oracle Databases by using the SQL Translation Framework. This enables non-Oracle database SQL statements to run against Oracle Database. For using this feature with an ODBC application, you must specify the service name, which was created as part of SQL Translation Framework setup, as the ServerName= entry in the odbc.ini file. If you require support for translation of Oracle errors (ORA errors) to your the native database, once your application starts running against Oracle Database, then you must enable the SQLTranslateErrors=T entry in the odbc.ini file.

See Oracle Database SQL Translation and Migration Guide on «How to Use SQL Translation Framework» before migrating a third-party ODBC application to Oracle Database.

Oracle ODBC driver now supports executing a stored procedure, which can return implicit results without using RefCursor . This support eases any third party ODBC application, which migrated to Oracle and wants to use this same functionality that was provided by their previous vendors.

See Oracle Database SQL Translation and Migration Guide for more information about implicit results support by Oracle Database.

Extended support of SQLColAttribute() field identifiers to support Oracle Database auto increment feature. You can use this feature by including Oracle ODBC driver specific header file sqora.h in the application. See Oracle Call Interface Programmer’s Guide for more information about auto increment:

Starting from Oracle Database Release 12 c Release 1 (12.1), Oracle supports auto increment columns so the Oracle ODBC Driver has extended the same support through the existing SQLColAttribute() identifier SQL_COLUMN_AUTO_INCREMENT . This property is read only and returns SQL_TRUE if the column is auto increment; otherwise, it returns SQL_FALSE .

Starting from Oracle Database Release 12 c Release 1 (12.1), Oracle ODBC Driver supports a new driver specific field identifier SQL_ORCLATTR_COLUMN_PROP , which returns the attributes of the column. This identifier returns SQLULEN value, which has all the column properties, shown as follows:

ODBC 11.2.0.1.0

Describes new features for release 11.2.0.1.0.

Oracle ODBC driver has been enhanced to prefetch LONG and LONG RAW data to improve performance of ODBC applications. To do this, the maximum size of LONG data ( MaxLargeData ) has to be set in registry on Windows (also need to add the registry key MaxLargeData= in the DSN), and in odbc.ini file on UNIX platforms manually. This enhancement has improved the performance of Oracle ODBC driver up to 10 times, depending on the MaxLargeData size set by the user. The default value of MaxLargeData is 0. The maximum value for MaxLargeData that can be set by the user is 64 KB (65536 bytes). Even if the value of MaxLargeData is set to some value greater than 65536, the data fetched will be 65536 bytes only. If a user has LONG and LONG RAW data in database, which is greater that 65536 bytes, MaxLargeData should be set to 0 (the default value), which will result in single row fetch and the complete LONG data can be fetched. In case the user has passed the buffer less than MaxLargeData size in non-polling mode, the data truncation error will occur if LONG data size in the database is greater than the buffer size. (Enhancement Request 7006879).

Oracle ODBC Driver is now made to support OCIDescribeAny() call (to get metadata) to improve performance when the application is making heavy calls to small packaged procedures that return REF CURSORS through the option called UseOCIDescribeAny in odbc.ini . To use OCIDescribeAny() on UNIX platforms, set UseOCIDescribeAny to T ( True ) in odbc.ini file, and on Windows through the registry in DSN. (Enhancement Request 7704827).

ODBC 11.1.0.1.0

Describes new features for release 11.1.0.1.0.

Added support for Disable RULE Hint. Oracle ODBC Driver now allows user to specify the option to select whether to use RULE Hint in catalog APIs. The change has been done to increase the performance of ODBC driver for catalog APIs. The default value for the option is TRUE which means that RULE Hint will not be used in catalog APIs by default. (Bug4150034).

Added support for Bind Number As FLOAT . By introducing Column Binding for NUMBER Column as FLOAT when the column contains FLOAT data speeds up the query execution that uses bind variables as FLOAT . (Bug4608183).

Added support for OCI statement caching feature that provides and manages a cache of statements for each session. By implementing the support for OCI Statement Caching option, Oracle ODBC Driver will see the increase in performance where users have to parse the same statement multiple times in the same connection. The default value for the statement cache flag is FALSE .

Changed the behavior of Result-set cache by saving the unnecessary memory calls to increase the ODBC Driver Performance.

ODBC 10.2.0.1.0

Describes new features for release 10.2.0.1.0.

Added support for named parameter, binding parameters by name. Oracle ODBC Driver now allows application to specify the parameters to a stored procedure by name, in the procedure call. Named parameters are only to be used in calls to stored procedures, and not to be used in other SQL statements. (Bug3617324)

Changed the behavior of describing metadata for stored procedures that exist in some package. The change has been done to increase the performance of ODBC Driver for stored procedure calls. Now if the stored procedure is in some package, then the metadata will be described using a PL/SQL procedure. (Bug4030664)

The support for Oracle ODBC Driver for Linux and Solaris platforms is introduced in release 10.2.0.1. From release 10.2.0.4 ODBC Driver was made available for the AIX platform as well.

ODBC 10.1.0.2.0

Describes new features for release 10.1.0.2.0.

Added support for NCHAR columns in INSERT / UPDATE statements with parameter markers, (Bug 2827132). Previously, the driver did not notice that the column was of NCHAR type and failed to set the proper attribute when binding at the OCI level. As a side effect, the SQLDescribeParam call now returns useful information for parameters in INSERT / UPDATE statements, though not in other statement types.

Added support for LOBs larger then 4 GB. Requires the Oracle Client and Database to both be Oracle Database 10 g (10.1) or later.

Added support for the new BINARY_FLOAT and BINARY_DOUBLE data types in Oracle Database 10 g and later servers.

Added support for MONTHNAME and DAYNAME functions in SQL statements.

Functionality

The Oracle ODBC Driver complies with Version 3.52 of the Microsoft ODBC specification.

Software Required

Oracle ODBC driver was certified against the currently supported Windows and UNIX operating system versions, the most current release of Oracle Net Client and Oracle Universal Installer shipping with Oracle Database.

Oracle ODBC driver was certified against:

Windows operating system versions: Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 7,Windows 8, and Windows Server 2012

UNIX operating system versions: 32-bit and 64-bit ports of Linux X86-64, AIX5L, Solaris.Sparc64, Solaris X64, HPUX.IA64, and ZLinux

Oracle Net Client 12.2

Oracle Universal Installer shipping with Oracle Database 12.2

Server Software Requirements

Oracle Database Server 10.2 or later is the server software required to support ODBC enabled applications through the Oracle ODBC Driver.

Hardware Required

What are the requirements for Oracle ODBC Driver system configuration for Windows and UNIX platforms?

The Oracle ODBC Driver requires a system configuration supported by certified Windows platforms as mentioned in Software Required and on few UNIX platforms as documented in Oracle ODBC Driver for UNIX Platforms Readme.

Testing Matrix

The following table summarizes the Windows operating system versions on which ODBC driver was certified.

Table 1-1 Oracle ODBC Driver Is Certified on Windows Operating Systems

As Supported by OCI

More Information

To learn more about post-installation tasks, known software problems for Oracle ODBC Driver, information about ODBC Driver for UNIX platforms, software problems fixed, and the certification matrix on UNIX platforms, see the sections that follow.

Post-Installation

You must configure the data sources on Windows and on UNIX platforms.

Use the Microsoft ODBC Administrator to configure your Oracle ODBC Driver data sources on Windows. See the information about configuring the data source in Oracle Database Development Guide for more information.

Known Software Problems for Oracle ODBC Driver

Learn about known software problems and unsupported usage.

The SQLSetStmtOption SQL_QUERY_TIMEOUT does not work if the database server is running on Windows NT. As a workaround, setting BREAK_POLL_SKIP=1 in the server’s sqlnet.ora file solves the problem. By default, this is set to 100, and the database would not check for a time out set by the ODBC application.

SQLBindParameter when used to bind a buffer as SQL_PARAM_INPUT_OUTPUT and having a PL/SQL procedure with IN OUT parameter and if the parameter is not changed in the procedure, then the driver will not return SQL_NULL_DATA in StrLen_or_IndPtr .

Oracle ODBC driver does not support the usage of Keyset cursors with the CASE clause in a SQL SELECT query.

ODBC Driver For UNIX Platforms

Oracle ODBC Driver for UNIX platforms complies with ODBC 3.52 specifications. It is based on features of Oracle 12.2 client.

See the Certification Matrix, to learn more about the platforms on which Oracle ODBC Driver 12.2 is supported.

Driver Version	Database Version	Operating Systems