Изменение схемы разделов диска с MBR на GPT Convert an MBR disk into a GPT disk

Относится к: Windows 10, Windows 8.1, Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel), Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows Server 2012 Applies To: Windows 10, Windows 8.1, Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel), Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows Server 2012

На дисках с основной загрузочной записью (MBR) используется стандартная таблица разделов BIOS. Master Boot Record (MBR) disks use the standard BIOS partition table. На дисках с таблицей разделов GUID (GPT) используется единый расширяемый микропрограммный интерфейс (UEFI). GUID Partition Table (GPT) disks use Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI). Одним из преимуществ дисков GPT является то, что на каждом из них может быть более четырех разделов. One advantage of GPT disks is that you can have more than four partitions on each disk. Кроме того, стиль раздела GPT необходимо использовать для дисков объемом более двух терабайт (ТБ). GPT is also required for disks larger than two terabytes (TB).

Если диск не содержит разделов и томов, можно сменить его стиль раздела с MBR на GPT. You can change a disk from MBR to GPT partition style as long as the disk contains no partitions or volumes.

Перед началом преобразования диска проведите резервное копирование всех данных на нем и закройте все программы, которые обращаются к диску. Before you convert a disk, backup any data on it and close any programs that are accessing the disk.

Для выполнения следующих шагов необходимо как минимум состоять в группе Операторы архива или Администраторы. You must be a member of the Backup Operators or Administrators group, at minimum, to complete these steps.

Преобразование при помощи интерфейса Windows Converting using the Windows interface

Создайте резервную копию всех данных на базовом диске MBR, который требуется преобразовать в диск GPT, или переместите их. Back up or move the data on the basic MBR disk you want to convert into a GPT disk.

Если диск содержит разделы или тома, щелкните правой кнопкой мыши каждый из них и нажмите Удалить раздел или Удалить том. If the disk contains any partitions or volumes, right-click each and then click Delete Partition or Delete Volume.

Щелкните правой кнопкой мыши диск MBR, стиль раздела которого требуется изменить на GPT, и нажмите Преобразовать в диск GPT. Right-click the MBR disk that you want to change into a GPT disk, and then click Convert to GPT Disk.

Преобразование при помощи командной строки Converting using a command line

Следуйте инструкциям ниже, чтобы преобразовать в диск GPT пустой диск MBR. Use the following steps to convert an empty MBR disk to a GPT disk. Имеется также средство MBR2GPT.EXE, которое можно использовать, но оно сложное; дополнительные сведения см. в разделе Преобразование раздела MBR в GPT. There’s also a MBR2GPT.EXE tool that you can use, but it’s a little complicated — see Convert MBR partition to GPT for more details.

Создайте резервную копию всех данных на базовом диске MBR, который требуется преобразовать в диск GPT, или переместите их. Back up or move the data on the basic MBR disk you want to convert into a GPT disk.

Откройте командную строку с повышенными привилегиями. Для этого щелкните правой кнопкой мыши пункт Командная строка и выберите Запуск от имени администратора. Open an elevated command prompt by right-clicking Command Prompt and then choosing Run as Administrator.

Введите diskpart . Type diskpart . Если на диске нет разделов и томов, перейдите к шагу 6. If the disk does not contain any partitions or volumes, skip to step 6.

В командной строке DISKPART введите list disk . At the DISKPART prompt, type list disk . Запомните номер диска, который требуется преобразовать. Note the disk number you want to convert.

В командной строке DISKPART введите select disk . At the DISKPART prompt, type select disk .

В командной строке DISKPART введите clean . At the DISKPART prompt, type clean .

Выполните команду clean, чтобы удалить все разделы и тома на диске. Running the clean command will delete all partitions or volumes on the disk.

В командной строке DISKPART введите convert gpt . At the DISKPART prompt, type convert gpt .

Convert an MBR disk into a GPT disk

Applies To: Windows 10, Windows 8.1, Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel), Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows Server 2012

Master Boot Record (MBR) disks use the standard BIOS partition table. GUID Partition Table (GPT) disks use Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI). One advantage of GPT disks is that you can have more than four partitions on each disk. GPT is also required for disks larger than two terabytes (TB).

You can change a disk from MBR to GPT partition style as long as the disk contains no partitions or volumes.

Before you convert a disk, backup any data on it and close any programs that are accessing the disk.

You must be a member of the Backup Operators or Administrators group, at minimum, to complete these steps.

Converting using the Windows interface

Back up or move the data on the basic MBR disk you want to convert into a GPT disk.

If the disk contains any partitions or volumes, right-click each and then click Delete Partition or Delete Volume.

Right-click the MBR disk that you want to change into a GPT disk, and then click Convert to GPT Disk.

Converting using a command line

Use the following steps to convert an empty MBR disk to a GPT disk. There’s also a MBR2GPT.EXE tool that you can use, but it’s a little complicated — see Convert MBR partition to GPT for more details.

Back up or move the data on the basic MBR disk you want to convert into a GPT disk.

Open an elevated command prompt by right-clicking Command Prompt and then choosing Run as Administrator.

Type diskpart . If the disk does not contain any partitions or volumes, skip to step 6.

At the DISKPART prompt, type list disk . Note the disk number you want to convert.

At the DISKPART prompt, type select disk .

At the DISKPART prompt, type clean .

Running the clean command will delete all partitions or volumes on the disk.

At the DISKPART prompt, type convert gpt .

Convert MBR to GPT on Windows Server 2016

by Andy, Updated on: July 9, 2020

This article introduces how to convert MBR to GPT in Windows Server 2016 without data loss, change MBR disk to GPT with mbr2gpt.exe and partition editor.

GPT (GUID Partition Table) disk has many advantages than MBR (Master Boot Record) disk, for example: overcome the maximum 2TB partition and 4 Primary partitions limit. That means, you can create larger than 2TB partition and more than 4 Primary partitions in single GPT disk. It is common to use over 10TB disk (hardware RAID array) for a server, if you do not convert MBR disk to GPT, the rest disk space will be shown as Unallocated and it can’t be used to create new or expand other partition. To a MBR disk that already has data or Operating System, it can’t be better if you can convert it to GPT without losing data.

How to convert MBR to GPT with NIUBI Partition Editor

1. Download NIUBI Partition Editor, right click the front of the MBR disk and select «Convert to GPT Disk«.
2. Simply click Yes to confirm, then a pending operation is added.
3. Click Apply on top left to execute, done. (All operations before clicking Apply only work in virtual mode.)

Watch the video how to convert MBR disk to GPT in Windows Server 2016:

To a MBR disk for data only (without Operating System), only several clicks are needed with NIUBI Partition Editor. But to system disk, it is a bit complicated.

How to convert system disk with MBR2GPT command

To convert MBR to GPT on Windows Server 2016 for system disk, you should pay attention. Back up server first and use right tool. There are 3rd party software that has such ability, but few can ensure 100% system bootable. If it failed, you have to waste a long time to restore. Here I’ll introduce how to convert MBR disk to GPT with MBR2GPT.

MBR2GPT.exe is running from command prompt. On Windows Server 2019 and Windows 10 (1703 and later versions), you can convert MBR system disk to GPT with this command in Windows. But to run mbr2gpt on Windows Server 2016, you need to create bootable media with Windows Preinstallation Environment (Windows PE).

Before starting, you should check your disk partition configuration whether fits for the requirements.

1. Disk partition prerequisites

Before any change to the disk is made, MBR2GPT validates the layout and geometry of the selected disk, if any of these checks fails, the conversion will not proceed.

1. The disk is currently using MBR
2. There is enough space not occupied by partitions to store the primary and secondary GPTs: 16KB + 2 sectors at the front of the disk and 16KB + 1 sector at the end of the disk.
3. There are at most 3 primary partitions in MBR partition table
4. One of the partitions is set as active and is the system partition
5. The disk does not have any extended/logical partition
6. The BCD store on the system partition contains a default OS entry pointing to an OS partition
7. The volume IDs can be retrieved for each volume which has a drive letter assigned
8. All partitions on this MBR disk are recognized by Windows.

In general, you just need to pay attention to number 3, 5 and 8.

2. Preparation for converting

Note: If there are more than 3 partitions, or even one Logical partition, or any non-support partition such as EXT2/3 in the disk, you can’t convert MBR disk to GPT in Windows Server 2016.

If your disk partition configuration doesn’t meet the requirements, when MBR2GPT command check the geometry, it will reports error — «Validating layout, disk sector size is: 512 bytes Disk layout validating failed for disk 0», «MBR2GPT: Conversion failed» .

In most of Windows 2016 server system disk, there are System Reserved, C: (for OS) and D drive. If all these 3 partitions are Primary , you can convert this disk successfully.

• If D is Logical drivel , follow the step to convert it to Primary (without data loss).
• If there is fourth partition such as E, move it to other disk no matter it is Primary or Logical.
• If there are any Windows non-support partition, move files to other place and delete this partition.

Now, you can convert MBR disk to GPT for Server 2016, but before this, there’s an optional step.

Extend System Reserved partition (optional)

For Windows to remain bootable after the conversion, an EFI system partition (ESP) must be in place. MBR2GPT will shrink the System Reserved partition first. If there is not enough free space in it, MBR2GPT will shrink C drive. In that case, the EFI partition will be created on the right side of C drive.

In the command prompt, it shows clearly the steps what MBR2GPT do when converting MBR disk to GPT. As you see, MBR2GPT first try to shrink the system reserved partition, it can’t be done, so it shrink the OS partition C instead.

Before converting MBR disk:

After converting to GPT disk:

As you see, 100MB EFI system partition is created behind C drive after converting Disk 0 to GPT. When right clicking it, all options are grayed out.

Although NIUBI Partition Editor can resize and move EFI partition, it is still suggested to make EFI partition on the left. To do this, extend the system Reserved partition.

Download NIUBI Partition Editor and follow the method in the video to extend the System Reserved partition (it’s enough to 1GB ):

3. Steps to convert MBR to GPT on Windows 2016 Server:

Step 1: Download Windows Server 2019 ISO and create bootable DVD disc or USB flash drive with Windows built-in or third-party tool.

Step 2: Boot from this bootable media, simply click Next in first Windows Setup window, then click Repair your computer on bottom left corner of next window.

Step 3: Click Troubleshoot in next window, then click Command Prompt .

Step 4: Just input 2 commands to complete converting.

Within several minutes, this MBR disk is converted to GPT. As you see, this time MBR2GPT shrink the system reserved partition successfully. Restart server and boot to UEFI, disk 0 is converted to GPT and the EFI system partition is created on left side of C drive.

In Summary

It is very easy and fast to convert MBR disk to GPT with NIUBI Partition Editor if there’s no Operating System on this disk. To convert MBR disk to GPT with Operating System, it is suggested to run Microsoft provided MBR2GPT command tool. Before converting, modify your disk partition if it doesn’t meet the requirements.

Besides converting MBR disk to GPT, NIUBI Partition Editor helps you convert partition between Primary and Logical, convert NTFS to FAT32 without losing data. It also helps you shrink, extend, move and merge partitions to optimize space usage, clone entire disk or single partition to migrate Operating system and data, create, delete, format, convert, defrag, hide partition and much more.