Install Server Core

Applies to: Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel)

When you install Windows Server for the first time, you have the following installation options:

In the following list, editions without «Desktop Experience» are the Server Core installation options

• Windows Server Standard
• Windows Server Standard with Desktop Experience
• Windows Server Datacenter
• Windows Server Datacenter with Desktop Experience

When you install Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel), you have the following installation options:

• Windows Server Standard
• Windows Server Datacenter

The Server Core option reduces the space required on disk and the potential attack surface, so we recommend that you choose the Server Core installation unless you have a particular need for the additional user interface elements and graphical management tools that are included in the Server with Desktop Experience option. If you do feel you need the additional user interface elements, see Install Server with Desktop Experience.

With the Server Core option, the standard user interface (the Desktop Experience) is not installed; you manage the server using the command line, Windows PowerShell, or by remote methods.

Unlike some previous releases of Windows Server, you cannot convert between Server Core and Server with Desktop Experience after installation. If you install Server Core and later decide to use Server with Desktop Experience, you should do a fresh installation.

User interface: command prompt

Install, configure, uninstall server roles locally: at a command prompt with Windows PowerShell.

Install, configure, uninstall server roles remotely from a Windows client computer (or a server with the Desktop Experience installed): with Server Manager, Remote Server Administration Tools (RSAT), Windows PowerShell, or Windows Admin Center.

For RSAT, you must use the Windows 10 version. Microsoft Management Console is not available locally.

Example server roles available:

• Active Directory Certificate Services
• Active Directory Domain Services
• DHCP Server
• DNS Server
• File Services (including File Server Resource Manager)
• Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (AD LDS)
• Hyper-V
• Print and Document Services
• Streaming Media Services
• Web Server (including a subset of ASP.NET)
• Windows Server Update Server
• Active Directory Rights Management Server
• Routing and Remote Access Server and the following sub-roles:
  • Remote Desktop Services Connection Broker
  • Licensing
  • Virtualization
  • Volume Activation Services

Installing on Windows Server 2019 or Windows Server 2016

For general installation steps and options for Windows Server (Long Term Servicing Channel), see Windows Server Installation and Upgrade.

Installing on Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel)

Installation steps for Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel) are the same as installing previous versions of Windows Server (from an .ISO image), with the following exceptions:

• No supported upgrades from previous versions of Windows Server to Windows Server, version 1709. A fresh installation is always required. This means that when you run setup.exe from the desktop of a Windows computer, the setup experience does not permit the upgrade option (it is grayed out).
• There’s no evaluation version for Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel)
• There’s no OEM or retail version. Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel) can only be licensed through Software Assurance or loyalty programs.

For more info about Semi-Annual Channel, see Comparison of servicing channels.

To see what’s new in Windows Server Semi-Annual Channel, see What’s New in Windows Server

Install Server with Desktop Experience

Applies To: Windows Server 2016

When you install Windows Server 2016 using the Setup wizard, you can choose between Windows Server 2016 and Windows Server (Server with Desktop Experience). The Server with Desktop Experience option is the Windows Server 2016 equivalent of the Full installation option available in Windows Server 2012 R2 with the Desktop Experience feature installed. If you do not make a choice in the Setup wizard, Windows Server 2016 is installed; this is the Server Core installation option.

The Server with Desktop Experience option installs the standard user interface and all tools, including client experience features that required a separate installation in Windows Server 2012 R2. Server roles and features are installed with Server Manager or by other methods. Compared with the Server Core option, it requires more space on disk,and has higher servicing requirements, so we recommend that you choose the Server Core installation unless you have a particular need for the additional user interface elements and graphical management tools that are included in the Server with Desktop Experience option. If you feel you can work without the additional elements, see Install Server Core. For an even more lightweight option, see Install Nano Server.

Unlike some previous releases of Windows Server, you cannot convert between Server Core and Server with Desktop Experience after installation. If you install Server with Desktop Experience and later decide to use Server Core, you should do a fresh installation.

User interface: standard graphical user interface (Server Graphical Shell). The Server Graphical Shell includes the new Windows 10 shell. The specific Windows features installed by default with this option are User-Interfaces-Infra, Server-GUI-Shell, Server-GUI-Mgmt-Infra, InkAndHandwritingServices, ServerMediaFoundation and Desktop Experience. While these features do appear in Server Manager in this release, uninstalling them is not supported and they will not be available in future releases.

Install, configure, uninstall server roles locally: with Server Manager or with Windows PowerShell

Install, configure, uninstall server roles remotely: with Server Manager, Remote Server, RSAT, or Windows PowerShell

Microsoft Management Console: installed

Installation scenarios

Evaluation

You can obtain a 180-day-licensed evaluation copy of Windows Server from Windows Server Evaluations. Choose the Windows Server 2016 | 64-bit ISO option to download, or you can visit the Windows Server 2016 | Virtual Lab.

For releases of Windows Server 2016 prior to 14393.0.161119-1705.RS1_REFRESH, you can only perform this conversion from evaluation to retail with Windows Server 2016 that has been installed by using the Desktop Experience option (not the Server Core option). Starting with version 14393.0.161119-1705.RS1_REFRESH and later releases, you can convert evaluation editions to retail regardless of the installation option used.

Clean installation

To install the Server with Desktop Experience installation option from the media, insert the media in a drive, restart the computer, and run Setup.exe. In the wizard that opens, select Windows Server (Server with Desktop Experience) (Standard or Datacenter), and then complete the wizard.

Upgrade

Upgrade means moving from your existing operating system release to a more recent release while staying on the same hardware.

If you already have a Full installation of the appropriate Windows Server product, you can upgrade it to a Server with Desktop Experience installation of the appropriate edition of Windows Server 2016, as indicated below.

In this release, upgrade works best in virtual machines where specific OEM hardware drivers are not needed for a successful upgrade. Otherwise, migration is the recommended option.

• In-place upgrades from 32-bit to 64-bit architectures are not supported. All editions of Windows Server 2016 are 64-bit only.
• In-place upgrades from one language to another are not supported.
• If the server is a domain controller, see Upgrade Domain Controllers to Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows Server 2012 for important information.
• Upgrades from pre-release versions (previews) of Windows Server 2016 are not supported. Perform a clean installation to Windows Server 2016.
• Upgrades that switch from a Server Core installation to a Server with a Desktop installation (or vice versa) are not supported.

If you do not see your current version in the left column, upgrading to this release of Windows Server 2016 is not supported.

If you see more than one edition in the right column, upgrading to either edition from the same starting version is supported.

If you are running this edition:	You can upgrade to these editions:
Windows Server 2012 Standard	Windows Server 2016 Standard or Datacenter
Windows Server 2012 Datacenter	Windows Server 2016 Datacenter
Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard	Windows Server 2016 Standard or Datacenter
Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter	Windows Server 2016 Datacenter
Windows Server 2012 R2 Essentials	Windows Server 2016 Essentials
Windows Storage Server 2012 Standard	Windows Storage Server 2016 Standard
Windows Storage Server 2012 Workgroup	Windows Storage Server 2016 Workgroup
Windows Storage Server 2012 R2 Standard	Windows Storage Server 2016 Standard
Windows Storage Server 2012 R2 Workgroup	Windows Storage Server 2016 Workgroup

For many additional options for moving to Windows Server 2016, such as license conversion among volume licensed editions, evaluation editions, and others, see details at Upgrade Options.

Migration

Migration means moving from your existing operating system to Windows Server 2016 by performing a clean installation on a different set of hardware or virtual machine and then transferring the older server’s workloads to the new server. Migration, which might vary considerably depending on the server roles you have installed, is discussed in detail at Windows Server Installation, Upgrade, and Migration.

The ability to migrate varies among different server roles. The following grid explains your server role upgrade and migration options specifically for moving to Windows Server 2016. For individual role migration guides, visit Migrating Roles and Features in Windows Server. For more information about installation and upgrades, see Windows Server Installation, Upgrade, and Migration.

Server Role	Upgradeable from Windows Server 2012 R2?	Upgradeable from Windows Server 2012?	Migration Supported?	Can migration be completed without downtime?
Active Directory Certificate Services	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Active Directory Domain Services	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Active Directory Federation Services	No	No	Yes	No (new nodes need to be added to the farm)
Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Active Directory Rights Management Services	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Failover Cluster	Yes with Cluster OS Rolling Upgrade process which includes node Pause-Drain, Evict, upgrade to Windows Server 2016 and rejoin the original cluster. Yes, when the server is removed by the cluster for upgrade and then added to a different cluster.	Not while the server is part of a cluster. Yes, when the server is removed by the cluster for upgrade and then added to a different cluster.	Yes	No for Windows Server 2012 Failover Clusters. Yes for Windows Server 2012 R2 Failover Clusters with Hyper-V VMs or Windows Server 2012 R2 Failover Clusters running the Scale-out File Server role. See Cluster OS Rolling Upgrade.
File and Storage Services	Yes	Yes	Varies by sub-feature	No
Print and Fax Services	No	No	Yes (Printbrm.exe)	No
Remote Desktop Services	Yes, for all sub-roles, but mixed mode farm is not supported	Yes, for all sub-roles, but mixed mode farm is not supported	Yes	No
Web Server (IIS)	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Windows Server Essentials Experience	Yes	N/A – new feature	Yes	No
Windows Server Update Services	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Work Folders	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes from WS 2012 R2 cluster when using Cluster OS Rolling Upgrade.

Once Setup has completed and immediately after you have installed all of the server roles and features you need, check for and install updates available for Windows Server 2016 by using Windows Update or other update methods.

If you need a different installation option, or if you’ve completed installation and are ready to deploy specific workloads, you can head back to the main Windows Server 2016 page.

Установка основных серверных компонентов Install Server Core

Применяется к: Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel) Applies to: Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel)

При первой установке Windows Server доступны следующие варианты установки. When you install Windows Server for the first time, you have the following installation options:

В следующем списке выпуски без возможностей рабочего стола являются вариантами установки основных серверных компонентов: In the following list, editions without «Desktop Experience» are the Server Core installation options

• Windows Server Standard Windows Server Standard
• Windows Server Standard с возможностями рабочего стола; Windows Server Standard with Desktop Experience
• Windows Server Datacenter; Windows Server Datacenter
• Windows Server Datacenter с возможностями рабочего стола. Windows Server Datacenter with Desktop Experience

При первой установке Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel) доступны следующие варианты установки: When you install Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel), you have the following installation options:

• Windows Server Standard Windows Server Standard
• Windows Server Datacenter. Windows Server Datacenter

Вариант установки «Основные серверные компоненты» сокращает требования к свободному пространству на диске и уменьшает поле для потенциальных атак, поэтому мы рекомендуем выбрать именно его, если нет особой необходимости в дополнительных элементах пользовательского интерфейса и графических средствах управления, которые включены в вариант «Сервер с возможностями рабочего стола». The Server Core option reduces the space required on disk and the potential attack surface, so we recommend that you choose the Server Core installation unless you have a particular need for the additional user interface elements and graphical management tools that are included in the Server with Desktop Experience option. Если вам требуются дополнительные элементы пользовательского интерфейса, см. раздел Установка сервера с возможностями рабочего стола. If you do feel you need the additional user interface elements, see Install Server with Desktop Experience.

При выборе основных серверных компонентов стандартный пользовательский интерфейс (возможности рабочего стола) не устанавливается. Вы управляете сервером с помощью командной строки, Windows PowerShell или методами удаленного взаимодействия. With the Server Core option, the standard user interface (the Desktop Experience) is not installed; you manage the server using the command line, Windows PowerShell, or by remote methods.

В отличие от предыдущих выпусков Windows Server, после установки преобразовать основные серверные компоненты в сервер с возможностями рабочего стола (и наоборот) невозможно. Unlike some previous releases of Windows Server, you cannot convert between Server Core and Server with Desktop Experience after installation. Если вы установили основные серверные компоненты, а затем решили использовать сервер с возможностями рабочего стола, необходимо выполнить установку заново. If you install Server Core and later decide to use Server with Desktop Experience, you should do a fresh installation.

Пользовательский интерфейс: командная строка User interface: command prompt

Локальные установка, настройка и удаление ролей сервера: в командной строке с использованием Windows PowerShell. Install, configure, uninstall server roles locally: at a command prompt with Windows PowerShell.

Удаленная установка, настройка и удаление ролей сервера на клиентском компьютере Windows (или на сервере с установленными возможностями рабочего стола) с помощью диспетчера серверов, средств удаленного администрирования сервера (RSAT), Windows PowerShell или Windows Admin Center. Install, configure, uninstall server roles remotely from a Windows client computer (or a server with the Desktop Experience installed): with Server Manager, Remote Server Administration Tools (RSAT), Windows PowerShell, or Windows Admin Center.

Для средства удаленного администрирования сервера следует использовать версию Windows 10. For RSAT, you must use the Windows 10 version. Консоль управления (MMC) недоступна в локальной среде. Microsoft Management Console is not available locally.

Примеры доступных ролей сервера: Example server roles available:

• Службы сертификатов Active Directory Active Directory Certificate Services
• Доменные службы Active Directory Active Directory Domain Services
• DHCP-сервер DHCP Server
• DNS-сервер DNS Server
• файловые службы (в том числе диспетчер ресурсов файлового сервера); File Services (including File Server Resource Manager)
• Службы Active Directory облегченного доступа к каталогам (AD LDS) Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (AD LDS)
• Hyper-V Hyper-V
• Службы печати и документов Print and Document Services
• Службы потоков мультимедиа Streaming Media Services
• веб-сервер (в том числе подмножество ASP.NET); Web Server (including a subset of ASP.NET)
• сервер обновления Windows Server; Windows Server Update Server
• Сервер управления правами Active Directory Active Directory Rights Management Server
• Маршрутизация и удаленный доступ и следующие подроли: Routing and Remote Access Server and the following sub-roles:
  • посредник подключений служб удаленных рабочих столов; Remote Desktop Services Connection Broker
  • Лицензирование Licensing
  • Виртуализация Virtualization
  • Службы активации корпоративных лицензий Volume Activation Services

Установка в Windows Server 2019 или Windows Server 2016 Installing on Windows Server 2019 or Windows Server 2016

Общие шаги и параметры установки для Windows Server (Long-Term Servicing Channel) приведены в разделе Установка и обновление Windows Server. For general installation steps and options for Windows Server (Long Term Servicing Channel), see Windows Server Installation and Upgrade.

Установка в Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel) Installing on Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel)

Шаги установки для Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel) идентичны процессу установки предыдущих версий Windows Server (из ISO-образа) со следующими исключениями. Installation steps for Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel) are the same as installing previous versions of Windows Server (from an .ISO image), with the following exceptions:

• Не поддерживается переход с предыдущих версий Windows Server на Windows Server версии 1709. No supported upgrades from previous versions of Windows Server to Windows Server, version 1709. Всегда требуется новая установка. A fresh installation is always required. Это означает, что при выполнении файла setup.exe на рабочем столе компьютера с Windows мастер установки не предоставит возможность перехода с предыдущей версии (она будет выделена серым). This means that when you run setup.exe from the desktop of a Windows computer, the setup experience does not permit the upgrade option (it is grayed out).
• Ознакомительная версия для Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel) отсутствует. There’s no evaluation version for Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel)
• Версия для изготовителей оборудования или розничной продажи отсутствует. There’s no OEM or retail version. Лицензирование Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel) осуществляется только через программу Software Assurance или программы лояльности. Windows Server (Semi-Annual Channel) can only be licensed through Software Assurance or loyalty programs.

Дополнительные сведения о Semi-Annual Channel см. в разделе Каналы обслуживания Windows Server: LTSC и SAC. For more info about Semi-Annual Channel, see Comparison of servicing channels.

Описание новых возможностей Windows Server Semi-Annual Channel см. в статье Новые возможности в Windows Server. To see what’s new in Windows Server Semi-Annual Channel, see What’s New in Windows Server