Параметры восстановления системы в Windows

Поддержка Windows 7 закончилась 14 января 2020 г.

Чтобы продолжить получать обновления системы безопасности от Майкрософт, мы рекомендуем перейти на Windows 10.

Меню «Параметры восстановления системы » содержит несколько средств, например средство «Восстановление при загрузке», с помощью которых можно восстановить Windows после серьезной ошибки. Этот набор средств имеется на жестком диске компьютера и на установочном диске Windows.

Примечание: Вы также можете создать диск восстановления системы, содержащий меню «Параметры восстановления системы». Дополнительные сведения см. в статье Создание диска восстановления системы. Если у вас планшет или другой компьютер с сенсорным экраном, то чтобы использовать средство «Восстановление при загрузке» и другие средства в меню «Параметры восстановления системы», вам может потребоваться подключить клавиатуру и мышь.

Функции каждого параметра восстановления

Параметр восстановления системы

Восстановление при загрузке

Устранение ряда проблем, связанных, например, с потерей системных файлов или их повреждением. Такие проблемы могут препятствовать нормальному запуску Windows.

Восстановление системных файлов компьютера до более раннего состояния. При этом ваши файлы, например, почта, документы или фотографии, не будут затронуты.

Если вы используете средство «Восстановление системы» из меню «Параметры восстановления системы», то вам не удастся отменить операцию восстановления. Тем не менее вы сможете еще раз запустить средство восстановления системы и выбрать другую точку восстановления (если она существует).

Восстановление образа системы

Чтобы использовать этот вариант, необходимо предварительно создать образ системы. Образ системы — это персонализированная резервная копия раздела, содержащего Windows, программы и данные пользователей, например документы, рисунки и музыку.

Средство диагностики памяти Windows

Проверка оперативной памяти компьютера на наличие ошибок.

Опытные пользователи могут использовать командную строку для выполнения связанных с восстановлением операций, а также запускать другие программы командной строки для диагностики и устранения неполадок.

Примечание: Некоторые изготовители компьютеров могут изменять меню, добавляя или удаляя средства восстановления, а также включая в него свои средства.

Как открыть меню «Параметры восстановления системы» на компьютере

Извлеките все дискеты, компакт-диски и DVD-диски из компьютера, а затем перезагрузите компьютер с помощью кнопки питания компьютера.

Выполните одно из следующих действий:

Если на компьютере установлена одна операционная система, во время перезапуска компьютера нажмите и удерживайте клавишу F8. Необходимо нажать клавишу F8 до появления логотипа Windows. Если отобразился логотип Windows, необходимо повторить попытку; для этого дождитесь появления экрана входа в систему Windows, а затем завершите работу компьютера и перезапустите его.

Если на компьютере установлено несколько операционных систем, с помощью клавиш со стрелками выберите операционную систему, которую вы хотите восстановить, а затем нажмите и удерживайте клавишу F8.

На экране Дополнительные варианты загрузки с помощью клавиш со стрелками выберите пункт Восстановление системы, а затем нажмите клавишу ВВОД. (Если пункта Восстановление системы нет в списке, это означает, что на компьютере нет предварительно установленных параметров восстановления или администратор сети выключил их.)

Выберите необходимую раскладку клавиатуры и нажмите кнопку Далее.

В меню Параметры восстановления системы щелкните необходимое средство, чтобы открыть его.

Открытие меню «Параметры восстановления системы» с помощью установочного диска Windows 7, флэш-накопителя USB или диска восстановления системы

Если система компьютера серьезно повреждена и вы не можете открыть меню Параметры восстановления системы на компьютере, вы можете получить к нему доступ с помощью установочного диска Windows 7 или USB или с помощью диска восстановления системы, если вы создали один из ранее.

Чтобы использовать этот метод, необходимо перезапустить (перезагрузить) компьютер с помощью диска или USB-устройства флэш-памяти.

Вставьте установочный диск Windows 7, USB-устройство флэш-памяти или диск восстановления системы, а затем завершите работу компьютера.

Перезапустите компьютер с помощью кнопки питания.

Когда отобразится соответствующий запрос, нажмите любую клавишу и следуйте инструкциям на экране.

На странице Установка Windows или Параметры восстановления системы выберите нужный язык и другие параметры, а затем нажмите кнопку Далее.

Если не отображаются ни страница «Установка Windows», ни страница «Параметры восстановления системы», ни предложение нажать любую клавишу, то вам может потребоваться изменить некоторые параметры системы.

Если вы используете установочный диск Windows или USB-устройство флэш-памяти, щелкните Восстановление системы.

Выберите установленный экземпляр Windows, который необходимо исправить, а затем нажмите кнопку Далее.

В меню Параметры восстановления системы щелкните необходимое средство, чтобы открыть его.

What are the system recovery options in Windows?

Support for Windows 7 ended on January 14, 2020

We recommend you move to a Windows 10 PC to continue to receive security updates from Microsoft.

The System Recovery Options menu contains several tools, such as Startup Repair, that can help you recover Windows from a serious error. This set of tools is on your computer’s hard disk and on the Windows installation disc.

Note: You can also create a system repair disc that contains the System Recovery Options menu. For more information, see Create a system repair disc. If you use a Tablet PC or other computer with a touchscreen, you might need to connect a keyboard and mouse in order to use Startup Repair and the other tools in the System Recovery Options menu.

What each recovery option does

System recovery option

Fixes certain problems, such as missing or damaged system files, that might prevent Windows from starting correctly.

Restores your computer’s system files to an earlier point in time without affecting your files, such as e‑mail, documents, or photos.

If you use System Restore from the System Recovery Options menu, you cannot undo the restore operation. However, you can run System Restore again and choose a different restore point, if one exists.

System Image Recovery

You need to have created a system image beforehand to use this option. A system image is a personalized backup of the partition that contains Windows, and includes programs and user data, like documents, pictures, and music.

Windows Memory Diagnostic Tool

Scans your computer’s memory for errors.

Advanced users can use Command Prompt to perform recovery-related operations and also run other command line tools for diagnosing and troubleshooting problems.

Note: Some computer manufacturers might customize the menu by adding or removing recovery tools, or including their own tools.

To open the System Recovery Options menu on your computer

Remove all floppy disks, CDs, and DVDs from your computer, and then restart your computer using the computer’s power button.

Do one of the following:

If your computer has a single operating system installed, press and hold the F8 key as your computer restarts. You need to press F8 before the Windows logo appears. If the Windows logo appears, you need to try again by waiting until the Windows logon prompt appears, and then shutting down and restarting your computer.

If your computer has more than one operating system, use the arrow keys to highlight the operating system you want to repair, and then press and hold F8.

On the Advanced Boot Options screen, use the arrow keys to highlight Repair your computer, and then press Enter. (If Repair your computer isn’t listed as an option, then your computer doesn’t include preinstalled recovery options, or your network administrator has turned them off.)

Select a keyboard layout, and then click Next.

On the System Recovery Options menu, click a tool to open it.

To open the System Recovery Options menu using the Windows 7 installation disc or a USB flash drive, or a system repair disc

If your computer’s system is severely damaged and you can’t access the System Recovery Options menu on your computer, you can access it using the Windows 7 installation disc or a USB flash drive, or using a system repair disc if you created one earlier.

To use this method, you need to restart (boot) your computer using the disc or USB flash drive.

Insert the Windows 7 installation disc or USB flash drive, or a system repair disc, and then shut down your computer.

Restart your computer using the computer’s power button.

When prompted, press any key, and then follow the instructions that appear.

On the Install Windows page, or on the System Recovery Options page, choose your language and other preferences, and then click Next.

If neither the Install Windows page nor the System Recovery Options page appear, and you’re not asked to press any key, you might need to change some system settings.

If you’re using the Windows installation disc or USB flash drive, click Repair your computer.

Select the Windows installation you want to repair, and then click Next.

On the System Recovery Options menu, click a tool to open it.

Recovery options in Windows 10

If you’re having problems with your PC, the following table can help you decide which recovery option to use.

See this section

Your PC isn’t working well and you recently installed an update.

Your PC isn’t working well and it’s been a while since you installed an app, driver, or update.

Your PC won’t start, you haven’t created a recovery drive, and resetting your PC didn’t work.

Your PC won’t start and you haven’t created a recovery drive.

Your PC won’t start and you’ve created a recovery drive.

You want to reinstall your previous operating system.

Your PC isn’t working well and you recently installed an app.

Click one of the recovery options below and follow the steps to try to get things working again.

If you’ve recently installed a Windows update, uninstall the update to try to resolve the issue.

Select the Start button, then select Settings > Update & Security > Windows Update > View your update history > Uninstall updates.
View update history settings

Right-click the update you want to remove, and then select Uninstall.

Important: If you’ve encrypted your device, you’ll need your BitLocker key to reset your PC If you don’t know your BitLocker key, see Find my BitLocker recovery key.

Resetting reinstalls Windows 10, but lets you choose whether to keep your files or remove them, and then reinstalls Windows. You can reset your PC from Settings, the sign-in screen, or by using a recovery drive or installation media.

Reset your PC from Settings

Select the Start button, then select Settings > Update & Security > Recovery .
Open Recovery settings

Under Reset this PC, select Get started and then choose from the options and/or settings in the table below.

Keep my files > Change settings > Preinstalled apps On

Reinstalls Windows 10 and keeps your personal files.

Removes apps and drivers you installed.

Removes changes you made to settings.

Restores any apps your PC manufacturer installed if your PC came with Windows 10.

Keep my files > Change settings > Preinstalled apps Off

Reinstalls Windows 10 and keeps your personal files.

Removes apps and drivers you installed.

Removes changes you made to settings.

Removes any apps your PC manufacturer installed.

Reinstalls Windows 10 and removes your personal files.

Removes apps and drivers you installed.

Removes changes you made to settings.

Removes any apps your PC manufacturer installed. (If your PC came with Windows 10, apps from your PC manufacturer will be reinstalled.)

Note: Remove everything > Change settings gives you two options.

Data erasure On removes files and cleans the drive. If you’re planning to donate, recycle, or sell your PC, use this option. This might take an hour or two, but it makes it harder for other people to recover files you’ve removed.

Data erasure Off just removes files. It takes less time, but is less secure.

Reset your PC from the sign-in screen

If you can’t open Settings, you can reset your PC from the sign-in screen. Here’s how:

Press Windows logo key + L to get to the sign-in screen, and then restart your PC by pressing the Shift key while you select the Power button > Restart in the lower-right corner of the screen.

Your PC will restart in the Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) environment.

On the Choose an option screen, select Troubleshoot > Reset this PC, and then choose one of the options in the previous table.

Connect the installation media you created to your PC and reinstall Windows 10.

Open File Explorer and select the drive with the installation media.

From the root directory of the drive, double-click setup.exe, and then select Yes when asked if you’d like to allow the app to make changes to your device.

Select Change what to keep.

Select one of the following options, and then select Next:

Keep personal files and apps – This will preserve your personal data, apps, and settings.

Keep personal files only – This will preserve your personal data and settings, but all your apps will be removed.

Keep nothing – This will remove all personal data, settings, and apps.

Warning: You cannot undo a reinstallation of Windows 10. Be sure to back up your files first if you choose the Keep nothing option.

To finish, select Install to start reinstalling Windows 10 on your PC.

Your PC will restart several times during the resinstallation.

Important: If you’ve encrypted your device, you’ll need your BitLocker key to use a recovery drive to restore or reset your PC If you don’t know your BitLocker key, see Find my BitLocker recovery key.

If your PC won’t start and you haven’t created a recovery drive, download installation media and use it to restore from a system restore point or reset your PC.

Download the Windows 10 media creation tool and then run it.

Select Create installation media for another PC.

Choose a language, edition, and architecture (64-bit or 32-bit).

Follow the steps to create installation media, and then select Finish.

Connect the installation media you created to your nonfunctional PC, and then turn it on.

On the initial setup screen, enter your language and other preferences, and then select Next. If you don’t see the setup screen, your PC might not be set up to boot from a drive. Check your PC manufacturer’s website for info on how to change your PC’s boot order, and then try again.

Select Repair your computer.

On the Choose an option screen, select Troubleshoot. From there, you can:

Restore from a system restore point by selecting Advanced options > System Restore. This will remove recently installed apps, drivers, and updates that might be causing your PC problems. Restoring from a restore point won’t affect your personal files.

Important: If you’ve encrypted your device, you’ll need your BitLocker key to use a recovery drive to restore or reset your PC If you don’t know your BitLocker key, see Find my BitLocker recovery key.

If your PC won’t start, you can use a recovery drive to restore from a system restore point or recover your PC. For info on how to create a recovery drive on a working PC, see Create a recovery drive.

Note: If you are using a Surface, see Creating and using a USB recovery drive for Surface to download and create a USB recovery image specifically for your Surface device.

To restore or recover using the recovery drive:

Connect the recovery drive and turn on your PC.

Press Windows logo key + L to get to the sign-in screen, and then restart your PC by pressing the Shift key while you select the Power button> Restart in the lower-right corner of the screen.

Your PC will restart in the Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) environment.

On the Choose an option screen, select Troubleshoot, and then select one of the following two options. (If you don’t see the Choose your option screen, your PC might not be set up to boot from a drive. Check your PC manufacturer’s website for info on how to change your PC’s boot order.)

To restore from a system restore point, select Advanced Options > System Restore. This won’t affect your personal files, but it will remove recently installed apps, drivers, and updates that might be causing your PC problems.

To reinstall Windows 10, select Advanced Options > Recover from a drive. This will remove your personal files, apps and drivers you installed, and changes you made to settings.

For a limited time after upgrading to Windows 10, you’ll be able to go back to your previous version of Windows by selecting the Start button, then select Settings > Update & Security > Recovery and then selecting Get started under Go back to the previous version of Windows 10. This will keep your personal files, but it’ll remove apps and drivers installed after the upgrade, as well as any changes you made to settings. In most cases, you’ll have 10 days to go back.
Open Recovery settings

To go back, you’ll need to:

Keep everything in the windows.old and $windows.

bt folders after the upgrade.

Remove any user accounts you added after the upgrade.

Know the password you used to sign in to Windows 7 or Windows 8.1 (if you used one).

Have the USB drive you used to upgrade to Windows 10 (if you used one).

Note: If you go back to Windows 8.1, some apps that came with Windows, like Mail and People, might not work anymore. To fix the apps, reinstall them from the Microsoft Store.

Note: The option in Settings to go back to your previous version of Windows is only available for a limited time after upgrading.

Info for Windows Insiders

If you’re an Insider and the current preview build isn’t working for you, select the Start button, then select Settings > Update & Security > Recovery . Under Go back to the previous version of Windows 10, select Get Started. This won’t remove your personal files, but it’ll remove recently installed apps and drivers, and change settings back to their defaults.

Going back to an earlier build won’t remove you from the Insider Program. When the next preview build is ready, it’ll be installed on your PC.

This option takes your PC back to an earlier point in time, called a system restore point. Restore points are generated when you install a new app or driver, and when you create a restore point manually. Restoring won’t affect your personal files, but it will remove apps, drivers, and updates installed after the restore point was made.

In the search box on the taskbar, type control panel,andthen choose it from the list of results

In the Control Panel search box, type recovery.

Select Recovery > Open System Restore.

In the Restore system files and setting box, select Next.

Select the restore point that you want to use in the list of results, and then select Scan for affected programs.

If you don’t see the restore point that you want to use, select the Show more restore points check box to see more restore points.

If you’re not seeing any restore points, it might be because system protection isn’t turned on. Here’s how to check:

In the search box on the taskbar, type control panel,andthen choose it from the list of results.

In the Control Panel search box, type recovery.

Select Recovery > Configure System Restore > Configure and see if the Turn on system protection option is selected.

If the Turn on system protection option is not selected, system protection isn’t turned on and there aren’t any restore points. In this scenario, you won’t be able to recovery your PC using a system restore point and will need to use one of the other recovery options listed on this page.

If the Turn on system protection option is selected, continue with step 6.

You’ll see a list of items that will be deleted if you remove this restore point. If you’re OK with the deletions, select Close> Next > Finish.